Effect of alternate and simultaneous grazing on
                    endoparasite infection in sheep and cattle

Brito, Daiana Lima; Dallago, Bruno Stéfano Lima; Louvandini, Helder; Santos, Viviane Rodrigues Verdolin dos; Torres, Sonia Emília Figueirêdo de Araújo; Gomes, Edgard Franco; Amarante, Alessandro Francisco Talamini do; Melo, Cristiano Barros de; McManus, Concepta Margaret

doi:10.1590/S1984-29612013000400007

Daiana Lima Brito

Pós-graduação em Ciências Animais, Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Brasília, DF, Brasil

Bruno Stéfano Lima Dallago ^**Corresponding author: Bruno Stéfano Lima Dallago, Instituto Central de Ciências - ICC-SUL, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária - FAV, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, CEP 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brasil, e-mail: dallago@unb.br

Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Brasília, DF, Brasil

Helder Louvandini

Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil

Viviane Rodrigues Verdolin dos Santos

Pós-graduação em Ciências Animais, Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Brasília, DF, Brasil

Sonia Emília Figueirêdo de Araújo Torres

Pós-graduação em Ciências Animais, Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Brasília, DF, Brasil

Edgard Franco Gomes

Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Brasília, DF, Brasil

Alessandro Francisco Talamini do Amarante

Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brasil

Cristiano Barros de Melo

Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília - UnB, Brasília, DF, Brasil

Concepta Margaret McManus

Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil

^*Corresponding author: Bruno Stéfano Lima Dallago, Instituto Central de Ciências - ICC-SUL, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária - FAV, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, CEP 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brasil, e-mail: dallago@unb.br

Month	Precipitation (mm)¹ 1 According to Santos et al. (2011);		Days with rain² 2 According to INMET (2013).	RH (%)² 2 According to INMET (2013).	Temperature¹ 1 According to Santos et al. (2011);
Month	Mean^* * Mean based on all days of month;	Total	Days with rain² 2 According to INMET (2013).	RH (%)² 2 According to INMET (2013).	Mean^* * Mean based on all days of month;	Max	Min
January	9.6	297.4	22	81.1	21.8	27.4	16.1
February	9.5	266.7	18	80.2	21.8	27.4	16.2
March	8.3	257.6	21	79.2	21.4	27.1	15.7
April	6.4	191.8	16	83.5	21.5	28.1	14.9

Grazing system¹ 1 According to Santos et al. (2011);	Cattle				Sheep
Grazing system¹ 1 According to Santos et al. (2011);	Mean	SD	Max	Min	Mean	SD	Max	Min
SIM	22.3	57.9	300	0	107.4^a	255.3	2400	0
ALT	89.7	304.6	1800	0	296.5^b	462.0	3400	0
BOV	85.4	152.3	600	0	-	-	-	-
OVI	-	-	-	-	358.1^b	628.7	4000	0

Host species	Grazing system^* * Mean based on all days of month;	Haemonchus	Trichostrongylus	Cooperia	Oesophagostomum
Sheep	SIM	89.50^b	5.71^b	1.36^b	3.43^a
	ALT	84.70^c	11.27^a	1.91^a	1.90^b
	OVI	96.43^a	2.36^c	0.29^c	0.93^c
Cattle	SIM	0.50^c	83.25^a	1.50^c	13.63^b
	ALT	2.50^b	66.75^b	16.00^a	13.00^c
	BOV	13.50^a	65.13^c	4.63^b	14.25^a

Host species	Grazing system^* * Mean based on all days of month;	Haemonchus	Trichostrongylus	Cooperia (x10^-1)	Oesophagostomum	Total
Sheep	SIM	0.11^b	0.01^b	0.08^b	0.02^c	0.14^b
	ALT	0.30^a	0.06^a	0.31^a	0.10^a	0.44^a
	OVI	0.38^a	0.04^a	0.07^b	0.05^b	0.45^a
Cattle	SIM	0.00^b	0.59^a	0.23^b	0.23^b	0.82^a
	ALT	0.01^b	1.72^a	4.94^a	1.00^ab	2.62^a
	BOV	0.12^a	1.64^a	0.84^b	1.37^a	2.77^a

Host species	Grazing system^* * Mean based on all days of month;	Eosinophils (units/mL)	Hemoglobin (g/100 mL)	TPP (g/100 mL)	PCV (%)	Albumin (g/100 mL)
Sheep	SIM	1486.9^a	10.48^a	7.03^a	32.91^a	2.43^ab
	ALT	878.1^a	10.21^b	6.74^b	31.77^b	2.35^b
	OVI	1343.0^a	9.83^c	6.77^b	30.99^b	2.47^a
Cattle	SIM	1286.5^a	10.85^a	7.40^a	32.69^b	2.42^a
	ALT	1283.3^a	10.96^a	7.44^a	34.29^a	2.41^a
	BOV	1274.2^a	11.03^a	7.39^a	33.84^a	2.39^a

	FEC Sdea	Eosinophils	Hb	PPT	PCV	Albumin	Copro Tri	Copro Hae	Copro Coop	Copro Oes	PES Hae	PES Tri	PES Coop	PES Oes	Total PES
Eosinophils	0.06
	ns
Hb	−0.33	−0.12
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* * Mean based on all days of month;
TPP	−0.23	0.18	0.33
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;
PCV	−0.34	−0.03	0.68	0.29
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;
Albumin	0.05	0.15	0.06	0.16	0.13
	ns	^ P < 0.01;	ns	^ P < 0.01;	^ P < 0.01;
Copro Tri	−0.21	0.10	0.24	0.43	0.27	−0.06
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* * Mean based on all days of month;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns
Copro Hae	0.17	−0.16	−0.21	−0.44	−0.24	0.06	−0.95
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^ P < 0.01;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;
Copro Coop	0.02	0.26	0.06	0.37	0.14	0.05	0.46	−0.60
	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^ P < 0.01;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;
Copro Oes	−0.07	0.21	0.15	0.40	0.20	−0.03	0.75	−0.84	0.60
	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^ P < 0.01;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;
PES Hae	0.98	0.05	−0.34	−0.25	−0.34	0.07	−0.24	0.21	<−0.01	−0.08
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	ns
PES Tri	0,80	0.22	−0.25	−0.02	−0.20	0.07	0.16	−0.18	0.25	0.21	0.75
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;
PES Coop	0.60	0.24	−0.18	0.01	−0.13	0.03	0.13	−0.25	0.54	0.31	0.57	0.77
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* * Mean based on all days of month;	ns	^ P < 0.01;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;
PES Oes	0.73	0.25	−0.23	<−0.01	−0.20	0.09	0.16	−0.23	0.33	0.35	0.70	0.90	0.82
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;
Total PES	0.90	0.10	−0.24	−0.12	−0.25	0.05	−0.08	0.04	0.11	0.05	0.88	0.91	0.74	0.87
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* * Mean based on all days of month;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* * Mean based on all days of month;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	ns	ns	^ P < 0.01;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;
Week	0.38	0.47	−0.35	0.06	−0.24	0.16	0.07	−0.18	0.39	0.30	0.38	0.48	0.50	0.55	0.43
	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^ P < 0.01;	ns	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;	^* ***** P < 0.001;

[1] ^*Corresponding author: Bruno Stéfano Lima Dallago, Instituto Central de Ciências - ICC-SUL, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária - FAV, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, CEP 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brasil, e-mail: dallago@unb.br

Brasil

Brasil

Effect of alternate and simultaneous grazing on endoparasite infection in sheep and cattle

Efeitos do pastejo alternado e simultâneo sobre a infecção de endoparasitas em Ovinos e Bovinos