Development and health status of <i>Centropomus undecimalis</i>parasitized by <i>Rhabdosynochus rhabdosynochus</i> (Monogenea) under different salinity and temperature conditions

Mello, Giovanni Lemos de; Jerônimo, Gabriela Tomas; Tancredo, Karen Roberta; Brol, Jéssica; Almeida, Evelyn Jacques de; Martins, Maurício Laterça; Tsuzuki, Mônica Yumi

doi:10.1590/S1984-29612015062

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Original Article • Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet. 24 (3) • Jul-Sep 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612015062 copy

Development and health status of Centropomus undecimalisparasitized by Rhabdosynochus rhabdosynochus (Monogenea) under different salinity and temperature conditions

Desenvolvimento e estado de saúde de Centropomus undecimalisparasitado por Rhabdosynochus rhabdosynochus (Monogenea) sob diferentes condições de salinidade e temperatura

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

This study evaluated the correlation of hematological parameters with the mean abundance of the monogenean helminth Rhabdosynochus rhabdosynochus in Centropomus undecimalis reared at different temperatures and salinities. The experimental conditions were: 28 °C/0 ppt (parts per thousand); 28 °C/15 ppt; 28 °C/32 ppt; 25 °C/0 ppt; 25 °C/15 ppt; and 25 °C/32 ppt. The prevalence was 100.0% in fish at 28 °C/15 ppt, 28 °C/32 ppt and 25 °C/15 ppt, which was significantly different (p < 0.05) from those at 25 °C/32 ppt. The red blood cell (RBC) count, hematocrit and total leukocyte (WBC) count were significantly higher in fish at 28 °C/15 ppt and 28 °C/32 ppt. The mean abundance of R. rhabdosynochus, hematocrit and RBC showed positive correlations (P < 0.05) with temperature ( $ρ$ = 0.3908; $ρ$ = 0.4771 and $ρ$ = 0.2812). Mean abundance showed negative correlations with hemoglobin ( $ρ$ = -0.3567) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) ( $ρ$ = -0.2684). No correlation between abundance and salinity was detected among the experimental conditions ( $ρ$ = -0.0204). The low numbers of monogeneans recorded (min -1 and max -33) explain the few changes to fish health. This suggests that these experimental conditions may be recommended for development of rearing of C. undecimalis in Brazil, without any influence or economic losses from R. rhabdosynochus.

Common snook; parasitology; water quality; hematology; Monogenea; Rhabdosynochus

Temperature/salinity	P (%)	MI	MA	PN
28 °C/0 ppt	83.3^ab	9.2 ± 10.2^b	7.7 ± 9.8^b	1-33
28 °C/15 ppt	100^a	27.1 ± 6.2^a	27.1 ± 6.2^a	11-30
28 °C/32 ppt	100^a	16.8 ± 6.5^ab	16.8 ± 6.5^ab	6-29
25 °C/0 ppt	91.7^a	14.5 ± 9.9^ab	13.3±10.4^ab	4-35
25 °C/15 ppt	100^a	11.8 ± 5.3^b	11.8 ± 5.3^b	4-23
25 °C/32 ppt	75^b	10.9 ± 6.2^b	8.2 ± 7.3^b	2-20

Variables	Temperature/salinity
	28 °C/0 ppt	28 °C/15 ppt	28 °C/32 ppt	25 °C/0 ppt	25 °C/15 ppt	25 °C/32 ppt
Weight (g)	18.6 ± 6.0^a	23.9 ± 7.3^a	18.6 ± 6.2^a	13. 1 ± 4.3^b	12.5 ± 4.4^b	11.3 ± 3.9^b
Total length (cm)	13.6 ± 1.4^a	14.9 ± 1.5^a	13.7 ± 1.4^a	12.2 ± 1.3^b	12.1 ± 1.5^b	11.6 ± 1.3^b
RBC (x10⁶.μL^-1)	2.7 ± 0.5^ab	3.1 ± 0.4^a	2.9 ± 0.3^a	2.4 ± 0.7^ab	2.4 ± 0.3^b	2.4 ± 3.8^b
Hematocrit (%)	22.6 ± 4.4^ab	24.7 ± 3.2^a	24.4 ± 2.8^a	19.9 ± 4.7^ab	19.3 ± 3.4^b	22.1 ± 4.3^ab
Hemoglobin (g.dL^-1)	10.1 ± 1.1^ab	8.7 ± 1.2^b	9.1 ± 0.5^b	11.4 ± 2.0^a	9.8 ± 1.9^ab	10.6 ± 1.7^ab
MCV (fL)	84.9 ± 7.8	79.9 ± 8.3	85.2 ± 15.6	83.3 ± 12.6	81.9 ± 12.5	92.7 ± 13.9
MCHC (g.dL^-1)	46.3 ± 13.7^ab	35.2 ± 6.2^b	37.9 ± 5.0^b	57.8 ± 20.8^a	41.0 ± 30.4^ab	49.9 ± 12.9^ab
WBC (x10³.μL^-1)	16.6 ± 3.3^ab	18.0 ± 3.4^a	17.7 ± 3.3^a	12.9 ± 3.4^b	16.8 ± 2.8^ab	15.2 ± 2.8^ab
Thrombocytes (x10³.μL^-1)	7.1 ± 2.7^a	6.3 ± 3.1^a	3.4 ± 1.4^ab	4.8 ± 1.9^ab	4.6 ± 2.4^ab	2.9 ± 1.8^b
Lymphocytes (x10³.μL^-1)	15.8 ± 3.3	16.7 ± 3.8	17.1 ± 3.2	14.2 ± 4.3	15.9 ± 2.8	14.9 ± 3.6
Monocytes (x10³.μL^-1)	0.0 ± 0.0	0.0 ± 0.0	0.0 ± 0.0	0.0 ± 0.0	0.0 ± 0.0	0.0 ± 0.0
Neutrophils (x10³.μL^-1)	0.0 ± 0.0	0.0 ± 0.0	0.0 ± 0.0	0.0 ± 0.0	0.0 ± 0.0	0.0 ± 0.0

Parameters	Temperature	Salinity	HTC	HMG	RBC	MCV	MCHC	WBC	TRB	LIN	MON	NEU	MA
Temperature	1.0000	-0.0003NS	0.3908^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	-0.4439^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	0.4771^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	-0.0751^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	-0.4460^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	-0.1307NS	0.0574	-0.0463NS	-0.0422NS	0.1319NS	0.2812^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).
Salinity		1.0000	0.1651NS	-0.1565	-0.0070	0.2185^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	-0.1976NS	0.1972 NS	-0.4368^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	0.1139NS	0.0961NS	-0.2789NS	-0.0204NS
HTC			1.0000	-0.4079^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	0.6532^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	0.4744^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	-0.8414^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	-0.0489NS	-0.3445^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	0.0815NS	0.0274NS	-0.1520NS	0.1152NS
HMG				1.0000	-0.3519^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	-0.0793^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	0.7815^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	-0.1539NS	0.3538^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	0.1923NS	-0.1510NS	-0.1117NS	-0.3567^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).
RBC					1.0000	-0.3434^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	-0.6211^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	-0.1234NS	-0.3098^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	0.0723NS	-0.1223NS	0.0282NS	0.2110NS
MCV						1.0000	-0.3247^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	0.1011NS	-0.0813NS	0.0062NS	0.2078NS	-0.2368NS	-0.0945NS
MCHC							1.0000	-0.0964NS	0.4441^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	0.0445NS	-0.1078NS	0.0550NS	-0.2684^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).
WBC								1.0000	-0.1773NS	0.1933NS	-0.0261NS	-0.2231NS	-0.0765NS
TRB									1.0000	-0.0072NS	0.0270NS	-0.0028NS	-0.0765NS
LIN										1.0000	-0.7079^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	-0.6614^* * = significant correlation (p<0.05).	-0.0590NS
MON											1.0000	-0.0560NS	-0.1393NS
NEU												1.0000	0.2405NS
MA													1.0000

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E-mail: cbpv_rbpv.fcav@unesp.br

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[1] *Corresponding author: Giovanni Lemos de Mello. Laboratório de Aquicultura – LAQ, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina – UDESC, Rua Cel Fernandes Martins, 270, Progresso, CEP 88790-000, Laguna, SC, Brasil. e-mail: giovanni.mello@udesc.br