R. (B.) microplus tick is a problem on the farm |
Yes No It depends on the season |
18 (45%) 13 (32.5%) 9 (22.5%) |
Are you satisfied with your tick control? |
Yes No |
26 (65%) 14 (35%) |
Do you know about the biological cycle of cattle ticks? |
No Yes |
33 (82.5%) 7 (17.5%) |
Do you know about strategic control? |
Don’t know Yes, know and apply Yes, know but don’t apply |
30 (75%) 6 (15%) 4 (10%) |
Do you ever see any natural enemies of ticks? |
Yes No |
37 (92.5%) 3 (7.5%) |
Which ones? |
Egrets, chickens and other birds |
40 (100%) |
Are your pastures favorable towards ticks? |
Yes No |
30 (75%) 10 (25%) |
What favors ticks? |
Grass types like Mombaça, Tifton, Tanzania or Brachiaria Lowered pastures Old pastures without fertilizer application Pastures near forest Long grass Others |
16 (53.3%) 4 (13.3%) 4 (13.3%) 4 (13.3%) 2 (6.6%) 6 (20%) |
Do you have pastures unfavorable towards ticks? |
Yes No |
27 (67.5%) 13 (32.5%) |
What makes them unfavorable towards the presence of ticks? |
Pastures near forests Newly-formed pastures Other responses |
13 (48.1%) 8 (29.6%) 19 (70.4%) |
Damage associated with ticks |
Tick fever Screwworm Mortality Weight loss Milk loss |
35 (87.5%) 31 (77.5%) 20 (50%) 18 (45%) 18 (45%) |
Season of highest incidence |
Summer Fall Winter Spring |
38 (95%) 5 (12.5%) 1 (2.5%) 1 (2.5%) |
How often do you apply acaricide? |
Very often (every 7-30 days) Often (every 60 days) Rarely (more than every 90 days) |
35 (87.5%) 3 (7.5%) 2 (5%) |
Who applies the acaricide? |
Hired worker Owner |
22 (55%) 18 (45%) |
Criteria for acaricide application |
Whenever ticks are visible Strategic control |
37 (92.5%) 3 (7.5%) |
Acaricide is applied to |
All animals on the same occasion Some animals or batches |
20 (50%) 20 (50%) |
Parts of animal body most often sprayed |
Whole body Parts of the body that are most parasitized |
35 (87.5%) 5 (12.5%) |
Are the animals restrained for acaricide application? |
No Yes |
31 (77.5%) 9 (22.5%) |
Use of personal protection equipment |
No Yes |
35 (87.5%) 5 (12.5%) |
The acaricide is changed |
When it fails After each application Without criteria In accordance with the efficacy test |
25 (62.5%) 8 (20%) 6 (15%) 1 (2.5%) |
How the acaricide was chosen |
Technician indication Salesperson indication Other responses |
24 (60%) 15 (37.5%) 5 (7.5%) |
Mode of acaricide application |
Spraying Poured on Injection |
38 (95%) 35 (87.5%) 17 (42.5%) |
In the case of spraying, this is done using |
Backpack pump Electric pump |
36 (90%) 4 (10%) |
Endectocide is used |
No Yes |
22 (55%) 18 (45%) |
How often is endectocide used? |
Twice a year Six times a year Four times a year (quarterly) Once a month Three times a year |
(44.5%) (28%) (11%) (11%) (5.5%) |
In the case of injectable or pour-on products, how do you calculate the dose? |
Visual estimation Weighing |
39 (97.5%) 1 (2.5%) |
Do you respect the resting period for discarding the milk? |
No Yes |
24 (60%) 16 (40%) |
Have you ever had problems with the acaricide? |
Yes No |
29 (72.5%) 11 (27.5%) |
What problems? |
It failed Animal intoxication |
29 (100%) 1 (3.4%) |
Last acaricide used |
Mixture of groups (organophosphate + pyrethroids) Fluazuron Pyrethroids Fipronil Amidines Macrocyclic lactones Diflubenzuron Flumethrin |
13 (32.5%) 8 (20%) 6 (15%) 4 (10%) 3 (7.5%) 3 (7.5%) 2 (5%) 1 (2.5%) |
Penultimate acaricide used |
Mixture of groups (organophosphate + pyrethroids) Pyrethroids Amidines Macrocyclic lactones Fluazuron Fipronil |
14 (35%) 8 (20%) 6 (15%) 6 (15%) 4 (10%) 2 (5%) |
Antepenultimate acaricide used |
Mixture of groups (organophosphate + pyrethroids) Pyrethroids Macrocyclic lactones Amidines Fluazuron Fipronil Organophosphate |
13 (32.5%) 9 (22.5%) 7 (17.5%) 6 (15%) 3 (7.5%) 1 (2.5%) 1 (2.5%) |
Do you use any alternative for tick control? |
No Yes |
35 (87.5%) 5 (12.5%) |