In vitro efficacy of essential oils with different concentrations of 1,8-cineole against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus

Castro, Karina Neoob de Carvalho; Canuto, Kirley Marques; Brito, Edy de Sousa; Costa-Júnior, Lívio Martins; Andrade, Ivanilza Moreira de; Magalhães, João Avelar; Barros, Dhiéssica Morgana Alves

doi:10.1590/S1984-296120180015

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Original Article • Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet. 27 (02) • Apr-Jun 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-296120180015 copy

In vitro efficacy of essential oils with different concentrations of 1,8-cineole against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus

Eficácia in vitro de óleos essenciais com diferentes concentrações de 1,8-cineol contra Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the acaricidal activity of essential oils from three species of plants with intermediary concentrations of 1,8-cineole against the tick species Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. For this purpose, five serial concentrations (100.0, 50.0, 25.0, 12.5, 6.2 mg/mL) of essential oils from Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze, Ocimum gratissimum L. and Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B. L. Burtt & R. M. Sm. were used on larval packet and adult immersion tests. The essential oils were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID), being detected 35.8, 24.7 and 24.0% of 1.8-cineol in the oils of M. suaveolens, O. gratissimum and A. zerumbet, respectively. The lethal concentration (LC ₅₀) of each oil for larvae and engorged females was calculated through Probit analysis. All essential oils showed high efficacy (≥ 95.0%) on engorged females at the 100.0 mg/mL concentration. In regards to larvae, O. gratissimum (LC ₅₀ = 11.9 mg/mL) was the most potent, followed by the A. zerumbet (LC₅₀ = 19.7 mg/mL) and the M. suaveolens (LC₅₀ = 51.6 mg/mL) essential oils. These results show that other compounds interfere with 1,8-cineole action.

Keywords:
Acaricide; Alpinia zerumbet; Mesosphaerum suaveolens; Ocimum gratissimum; tick

Compounds	KI ^a a KI: Kovats index displayed by compounds in RTX column;	KI_lit ^b b KIlit: Literature data ( ADAMS, 2007 ; NIST, 2011 );	Relative percentages (%) ^c c Peak relative areas determined in the GC-FID chromatogram;
Compounds			*M. suaveolens*	*O. gratissimum*	^* * Data reported by Castro et al. (2016) . *A. zerumbet*
3-hexen-1-ol	855	853		0.38
á-thujene	934	930	0.43		2.57
á-pinene	941	939	3.03	0.83	1.54
Camphene	960	954	0.31		0.29
Sabinene	979	975	19.61	0.67	5.02
â-pinene	984	979	7.59	2.11	2.37
Myrcene	993	990	0.59	0.56	0.66
ä-3-carene	1019	1011	1.46
á-terpinene	1024	1017	0.36		0.06
p-cymene	1034	1024	1.65		32.72
Limonene	1037	1029	2.79		2.09
1,8-cineole	1038	1031	35.77	24.68	24.05
Cis-ocimene	1040	1037		5.30
Trans-ocimene	1051	1050		0.34
ã-terpinene	1063	1059	0.69	0.14	0.68
Trans-4-thujanol	1075	1070			0.15
á-terpinolene	1095	1088	2.80		0.28
Linalol	1101	1096	0.24	0.43
Cis-â-terpineol	1102				1.01
Fenchol	1122	1116			2.73
Cis-p-menth-2-en-1-ol	1129	1121			0.65
Citronellal	1156	1153	0.48
Terpinen-4-ol	1181	1177	1.77	0.31	20.23
á-terpineol	1193	1188		0.73
Trans-piperitol	1214				0.23
Bornyl acetate	1293	1285			0.17
Eugenol	1362	1359		52.99
Bourbonene	1393	1388	0.31
â-elemene	1398	1390	0.44
â-caryophyllene	1423	1408	3.13	2.72	0.24
á-caryophyllene	1458	1454		0.36
Germacrene D	1484	1485	3.00	1.01
â-selinene	1489	1490		4.22
á-selinene	1497	1498		1.50
Bicyclogermacrene	1505	1500	7.80
7-epi-á-selinene	1521	1522		0.27
Spathulenol	1587	1578	1.05
Caryophyllene oxide	1593	1593	0.33		1.70
Total			96.25	99.55	99.44

Concentration (mg/mL)	M. suaveolens (%)	O. gratissimum (%)	A. zerumbet (%)
Negative control	0.5 ± 0.5	1.8 ± 0.5	0.5 ± 0.9
6.2 (0.62%)	0.4 ± 0.6	20.8 ± 6.9	0.5 ± 0.8
12.5 (1.25%)	0.4 ± 0.7	65.6 ± 6.0	0.9 ± 1.6
25.0 (2.5%)	9.6 ± 7.6	91.6 ± 8.2	94.4 ± 7.0
50.0 (5%)	39.2 ± 9.7	98.3 ± 2.9	100.0 ± 0.0
100.0 (10%)	87.7 ± 3.5	99.4 ± 1.1	100.0 ± 0.0
Positive control	100.0 ± 0.0	100.0 ± 0.0	100.0 ± 0.0

	mg/mL	EPI	RO (%)	Eggs hatched (%)	EP (%)
Negative control	-	47.2 ± 7.4	-	83.4 ± 7.9	-
M. suaveolens	6.2	51.3 ± 2.5	4.3 ± 7.5	72.1 ± 2.3	9.4 ± 14.7
	12.5	40.2 ± 5.2	15.3 ± 15.6	73.8 ± 2.7	23.4 ± 14.4
	25.0	31.9 ± 7.6	32.8 ± 8.8	75.9 ± 5.8	39.0 ± 7.1
	50.0	11.8 ± 1.6	74.6 ± 5.8	68.0 ± 9.3	79.3 ± 5.0
	100.0	0.0 ± 0.0	100.0 ± 0.0	0.0 ± 0.0	100.0 ± 0.0
O. gratissimum	6.2	45.4 ± 3.3	10.8 ± 7.8	70.6 ± 13.1	22.6 ± 21.7
	12.5	42.8 ± 4.7	17.7 ± 8.3	66.2 ± 2.5	32.2 ± 12.5
	25.0	34.2 ± 9.1	34.2 ± 17.8	56.8 ± 10.8	51.6 ± 24.4
	50.0	19.7 ± 8.0	62.2 ± 15.3	24.1 ± 12.7	90.1 ± 4.9
	100.0	2.3 ± 2.6	95.5 ± 5.2	0.8 ± 1.3	99.9 ± 0.2
A. zerumbet	6.2	50.3 ± 2.0	1.9 ± 2.3	87.6 ± 1.7	7.2 ± 6.6
	12.5	48.7 ± 3.4	2.5 ± 2.7	68.9 ± 5.1	29.0 ± 6.6
	25.0	33.3 ± 5.6	33.5 ± 7.4	52.2 ± 4.3	63.2 ± 6.6
	50.0	9.0 ± 8.3	82.1 ± 15.8	31.9 ± 12.9	92.6 ± 6.7
	100.0	0.8 ± 1.4	98.2 ± 3.1	0.0 ± 0.0	100.0 ± 0.0
Positive control		1.7 ± 2.8	96.1 ± 6.5	11.1 ± 18.4	98.6 ± 2.4

Treatment	LC₅₀ (mg/mL)	CL 95%	R²
Larvae
M. suaveolens	51.6^c	47.7-55.9	0.97
O. gratissimum	11.9^a	11.0-13.0	0.97
A. zerumbet	19.7^b	15.7-24.6	0.99
Engorged female
M. suaveolens	31.3^b	26.4-37.0	0.93
O. gratissimum	28.4^ab	21.9-36.9	0.85
A. zerumbet	20.7^a	18.8-22.8	0.98

Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária FCAV/UNESP - Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Zona Rural, , 14884-900 Jaboticabal - SP, Brasil, Fone: (16) 3209-7100 RAMAL 7934 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: cbpv_rbpv.fcav@unesp.br

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[1] * Corresponding author: Karina Neoob de Carvalho Castro. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária – Embrapa Meio-Norte, BR 343, Km 35, CEP 64200-970, Parnaíba, PI, Brasil. e-mail: karina.castro@embrapa.br