Coxiella burnetii associated with BVDV (Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus), BoHV (Bovine Herpesvirus), Leptospira spp., Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii and Trypanosoma vivax in reproductive disorders in cattle

Zanatto, Diego Carlos Souza; Gatto, Igor Renan Honorato; Labruna, Marcelo Bahia; Jusi, Marcia Mariza Gomes; Samara, Samir Issa; Machado, Rosangela Zacarias; André, Marcos Rogério

doi:10.1590/S1984-29612019032

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Original Article • Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet. 28 (2) • Apr-Jun 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612019032 copy

Coxiella burnetii associated with BVDV (Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus), BoHV (Bovine Herpesvirus), Leptospira spp., Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii and Trypanosoma vivax in reproductive disorders in cattle

Coxiella burnetii associada ao BVDV (Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina), BoHV (Vírus do Herpes Bovino), Leptospira spp., Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii e Trypanosoma vivax em distúrbios reprodutivos em bovinos

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This is a cross-sectional study to assess the presence of antibodies in ruminants against selected pathogens associated with reproductive disorders in cattle in four Brazilian states, including the zoonotic agent Coxiella burnetii. The used tests were Virus Neutralization Assay for IBR and BVD, Microscopic Agglutination Test for Leptospira spp., Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test (IFAT) for C. burnetii and Toxoplasma gondii, and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Neospora caninum and Trypanosoma vivax. Seropositivity for C. burnetii was 13.7% with titers from 128 to 131,072; 57.8% for BoHV-1, with titers between 2 and 1,024; 47.1% for BVDV-1a, with titers from 10 to 5,120; 89.2% for N. caninum; 50% for T. vivax; and 52.0% for Leptospira spp., with titers between 100 to 800 (the following serovars were found: Tarassovi, Grippotyphosa, Canicola, Copenhageni, Wolffi, Hardjo, Pomona and Icterohaemorrhagiae); 19.6% for T. gondii with titer of 40. This is the first study that has identified C. burnetii in cattle associated with BoHV and BVDV, N. caninum, Leptospira spp., T. gondii and T. vivax. Thus, future studies should be conducted to investigate how widespread this pathogen is in Brazilian cattle herds.

Keywords:
Coxiella burnetii; abortion; Q Fever; cattle

No	Serogroup	Serovar
1	Australis	Australis
2	Australis	Bratislava
3	Autumnalis	Autumnalis
4	Autumnalis	Butembo
5	Ballum	Castellonis
6	Bataviae	Bataviae
7	Canicola	Canicola
8	Celledoni	Whitcombi
9	Cynopteri	Cynopteri
10	Grippotyphosa	Grippotyphosa
11	Hebdomadis	Hebdomadis
12	Icterohaemorrhagiae	Copenhageni
13	Icterohaemorrhagiae	Icterohaemorrhagiae
14	Javanica	Javanica
15	Panama	Panama
16	Pomona	Pomona
17	Pyrogenes	Pyrogenes
18	Sejroe	Hardjo
19	Sejroe	Wolffi
20	Shermani	Shermani
21	Tarassovi	Tarassovi
22	Andamana	Andamana
23	Seramanga	Patoc
24	Djasiman	Sentot

PATHOGENS	% OF SOROPOSITIVITY IN EACH STATE				Total (102)
PATHOGENS	Goiás (20)	São Paulo (32)	Minas Gerais (40)	Mato Grosso do Sul (10)	Total (102)
Coxiella burnetii	10% (2)	12.5% (4)	17.5% (7)	10% (1)	13.7% (14)
Leptospira spp.	65% (13) ab	37.5% (12) b	47.5% (19) b	90% (9) a	52.0% (53)
BVDV-1a (Singer)	50% (10) ab	25% (8) b	62.5% (25) a	50% (5) ab	47.1% (48)
BoHV-1 (Nebraska)	60% (12)	68.7% (22)	50% (20)	50% (5)	57.8% (59)
Neospora caninum	85% (17)	93.7% (30)	85% (34)	100% (10)	89.2% (91)
Toxoplasma gondii	10% (2) b	40.6% (13) a	12.5% (5) b	0% b	19.6% (20)
Trypanosoma vivax	55% (11)	34.4% (11)	55% (22)	70% (7)	50.0% (51)

	Goiás	São Paulo	Mato Grosso do Sul	Minas Gerais	Total
	20	32	10	40	Total
*N.c*	1 (0.98%)	1 (0.98%)	-	-	2 (1.96%)
*BoHV-1*	-	-	-	1 (0.98%)	1 (0.98%)
*C.b. + T.g.*	-	-	-	1 (0.98%)	1 (0.98%)
*N.c. + T.g*	-	1 (0.98%)	-	-	1 (0.98%)
*N.c. + T.v.*	-	-	-	3 (2.94%)	3 (2.94%)
*N.c. + BVDV-1*	1 (0.98%)	-	-	1 (0.98%)	2 (1.96%)
*N.c. + BoHV-1*	-	2 (1.96%)	-	1 (0.98%)	3 (2.94%)
N.c. + L. sp.	2 (1.96%)	2 (1.96%)	2 (1.96%)	1 (0.98%)	7 (6.86%)
*T.v. + BVDV-1*	-	-	-	1 (0.98%)	1 (0.98%)
*BVDV-1 + BoHV-1*	-	-	-	1 (0.98%)	1 (0.98%)
*C.b. + N.c. + T.v.*	1 (0.98%)	-	-	-	1 (0.98%)
*C.b. + T.g. + BoHV-1*	-	1 (0.98%)	-	-	1 (0.98%)
*C.b. + N.c. + BVDV-1*	-	-	1 (0.98%)	-	1 (0.98%)
C.b. + N.c. + L. sp.	-	-	-	1 (0.98%)	1 (0.98%)
*N.c. + T.v. + BVDV-1*	-	-	-	2 (1.96%)	2 (1.96%)
*N.c. + T.g. + T.v.*	-	1 (0.98%)	-	-	1 (0.98%)
*N.c. + T.g. + BoHV-1*	-	2 (1.96%)	-	-	2 (1.96%)
N.c. + T.v. + L. sp.	1 (0.98%)	-	1 (0.98%)	1 (0.98%)	3 (2.94%)
*N.c. + T.v. + BoHV-1*	1 (0.98%)	5 (4.90%)	-	1 (0.98%)	7 (6.86%)
*N.c. + BVDV-1 + BoHV-1*	-	-	-	2 (1.96%)	2 (1.96%)
N.c. + T.g. + L. sp.	1 (0.98%)	-	-	1 (0.98%)	2 (1.96%)
N.c. + BVDV-1 + L. sp.	-	1 (0.98%)	-	1 (0.98%)	2 (1.96%)
*T.v. + BVDV-1 + BoHV-1*	-	-	-	1 (0.98%)	1 (0.98%)
BVDB-1 + BoHV-1 + L. sp.	1 (0.98%)	-	-	-	1 (0.98%)
C.b. + T.v. + BVDV-1 + L. sp.	-	-	-	1 (0.98%)	1 (0.98%)
C.b. + N.c. + BoHV-1 + L. sp.	-	1 (0.98%)	-	-	1 (0.98%)
C.b. + N.c. + BVDV-1 + L. sp.	-	1 (0.98%)	-	1 (0.98%)	2 (1.96%)
*C.b. + N.c. + T.g. + T.v.*	-	1 (0.98%)	-	-	1 (0.98%)
*C.b. + N.c. + BVDV-1 + BoHV-1*	-	-	-	1 (0.98%)	1 (0.98%)
*C.b. + N.c. + T.v. + BoHV-1*	-	-	-	1 (0.98%)	1 (0.98%)
N.c. + T.g. + BoHV-1 + L. sp.	-	2 (1.96%)	-	-	2 (1.96%)
N.c. + T.g. + BVDV-1 + L. sp.	-	-	-	1 (0.98%)	1 (0.98%)
N.c. + T.g. + T.v. + L. sp.	-	-	-	2 (1.96%)	2 (1.96%)
N.c. + T.v. + BoHV-1 + L. sp.	-	-	1 (0.98%)	2 (1.96%)	3 (2.94%)
*N.c. + T.g. + T.v. + BoHV-1*	-	1 (0.98%)	-	-	1 (0.98%)
*N.c. + T.v. + BVDV-1 + BoHV-1*	2 (1.96%)	1 (0.98%)	-	4 (3.92%)	7 (6.86%)
N.c. + T.v. + BoHV-1 + L. sp.	2 (1.96%)	1 (0.98%)	2 (1.96%)	1 (0.98%)	6 (5.88%)
N.c + BVDV-1 + BoHV-1 + L. sp.	3 (2.94%)	2 (1.96%)	-	3 (2.94%)	8 (7.84%)
*N.c. + T.g. + BVDV-1 + BoHV-1*	-	3 (2.94%)	-	-	3 (2.94%)
T.v. + BVDV-1 + BoHV-1 + L. sp.	1 (0.98%)	-	-	-	1 (0.98%)
N.c. + T.g. + T.v. + BoHV-1 + L. sp.	-	1 (0.98%)	-	-	1 (0.98%)
N.c. + T.v. + BVDV-1 + BoHV-1 + L. sp.	2 (1.96%)	-	3 (2.94%)	2 (1.96%)	7 (6.86%)
C.b. + N.c. + BVDV-1 + BoHV-1 + L. sp.	-	-	-	1 (0.98%)	1 (0.98%)
C.b. + N.c. + T.g. + T.v. + L. sp.	1 (0.98%)	-	-	-	1 (0.98%)

Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária FCAV/UNESP - Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Zona Rural, , 14884-900 Jaboticabal - SP, Brasil, Fone: (16) 3209-7100 RAMAL 7934 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: cbpv_rbpv.fcav@unesp.br

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[1] *Corresponding author: Marcos Rogério André. Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias Júlio de Mesquita Filho – UNESP, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Zona Rural, CEP 14884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil. e-mail: marcosandre.fcav@gmail.com