Oxyurid nematodes of pet rodents in Slovakia - a neglected zoonotic threat

Jarošová, Júlia; Antolová, Daniela; Zalesny, Grzegorz; Halán, Miloš

doi:10.1590/S1984-29612019072

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Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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Short Communication • Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet. 29 (1) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612019072 copy

Oxyurid nematodes of pet rodents in Slovakia - a neglected zoonotic threat

Nematódeos oxiurídeos de roedores de estimação na Eslováquia - uma ameaça zoonótica negligenciada

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The role of rodents as reservoirs of helminths of public health importance is not well known. The zoonotic potential of Syphacia spp. has been confirmed; therefore, the study aimed to estimate the occurrence of oxyurid nematodes in small rodents from pet shops and breeding clubs in Slovakia. Fecal samples of 586 pet rodents kept in 133 cages were collected between 2016 and 2018 and examined by Faust´s flotation method. Four species of oxyurid nematodes, Syphacia muris, S. obvelata, Aspiculuris tetraptera and Paraspidodera uncinata were detected. A. tetraptera was found in the faecal samples of all rodent species included in this survey. The number of positive boxes varied from 5.4% in hamsters to 70.0% with mice. The prevalence of Syphacia muris was highest in Mongolian gerbils where up to 75.0% boxes were positive; S. obvelata was found in 26.7% of boxes with mice, 25.0% of boxes with Mongolian gerbils and 3.2% of boxes with rats. The high prevalence of Syphacia spp. in all animal species points out the infection risk for humans. Animals offered for sale are often in close contact with human beings; therefore they should be regularly tested for parasites and then effectively dewormed.

Keywords:
Oxyurid nematodes; Syphacia spp.; Aspiculuris tetraptera; pet rodents

Species	n	No. of boxes	*Syphacia muris*		*Syphacia obvelata*		*Aspiculuris tetraptera*		*Paraspidodera uncinata*		Total
Species	n	No. of boxes	No. of positive boxes/% (95% CI)	No. of animals in pos. boxes/% (95% CI)	No. of positive boxes /% (95% CI)	No. of animals in pos. boxes/% (95% CI)	No. of positive boxes /% (95% CI)	No. of animals in pos. boxes/% (95% CI)	No. of positive boxes/% (95% CI)	No. of animals in pos. boxes/% ((95% CI)	No. of positive boxes /% (95% CI)	No. of animals in pos. boxes/% (95% CI)
Rat	165	31	6/19.3% (8.5-35.6)	38/23.0% (17.1-29.9)	1/3.2% (0.3-14.1)	1/0.6% (0.01-2.8)	4/12.9% (4.5-27.8)	22/13.3% (8.8-19.1)	0/0% (0)	0/0% (0)	10/32.3% (17.9-49.7)	55/33.3% (26.1-40.7)
Mouse	228	30	10/33.3% (18.6-51.1)	78/34.2% (28.3-40.5)	8/26.6% (13.5-44.1)	81/35.5% (29.5-41.9)	21/70.0% (52.3-84.0)	161/70.6% (64.5-76.2)	0/0% (0)	0/0% (0)	29/96.7% (85.4-99.6)	226/99.1% (97.2-99.8)
Hamster	119	37	8/21.6% (10.8-36.7)	37/31.1% (23.3-39.8)	0/0% (0)	0/0% (0)	2/5.4% (1.1-16.2)	4/3.4% (1.1-7.8)	0/0% (0)	0/0% (0)	10/27.0% (14.8-42.6)	41/34.5% (26.3-43.3)
Mongolian gerbil	25	8	6/75.0% (40.8-94.4)	21/84.0% (66.3-94.3)	2/25% (5.6-59.1)	7/28.0% (13.5-47.3)	1/12.5% (1.3-45.4)	3/12.0% (3.5-28.7)	0/0% (0)	0/0% (0)	7/87.5% (54.6-98.6)	24/96.0% (82.8-99.6)
Guinea pig	49	27	1/3.7% (0.04-16.0)	2/4.1% (0.8-12.4)	0/0% (0)	0/0% (0)	2/7.4% (1.6-21.7)	5/10.2% (4.0-20.9)	1/3.7% (0.4-16.0)	2/4.1% (0.8-12.4)	3/11.1% (3.2-26.7)	7/14.3% (6.6-26.0)
Total	586	133	25/18.8% (12.9-26.1)	176/30.0% (26.4-33.8)	11/8.3% (4.5-13.8)	89/15.2% (12.5-18.3)	30/22.5% (16.1-30.2)	195/33.3 (29.5-37.2)	1/0.7 (0.1-3.4)	2/0.3% (0.1-1.1)	59/44.4% (36.1-52.8)	353/60.2% (56.2-64.2)

Species	Syphacia muris (%) (95% CI)	Syphacia obvelata (%) (95% CI)	Aspiculuris tetraptera (%) (95% CI)	*Paraspidodera uncinata* (%) (95% CI)
Rat	4.7 (2.0-8.6)	1.2 (0.1-3.3)	3.2 (1.1-6.3)	0.0 (0)
Mouse	5.7 (2.9-9.4)	4.8 (2.2-8.3)	15.9 (10.1-22.8)	0.0 (0)
Hamster	8.7 (4.2-15.0)	0.0 (0)	2.5 (0.5-5.8)	0.0 (0)
Mongolian gerbil	46.0 (21.1-74.6)	12.3 (2.7-27.8)	7.6 (1.0-20.1)	0.0 (0)
Guinea pig	4.0 (0.5-11.2)	0.0 (0)	6.1 (1.3-14.1)	3.9 (0.5-10.5)

Colégio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinária FCAV/UNESP - Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Zona Rural, , 14884-900 Jaboticabal - SP, Brasil, Fone: (16) 3209-7100 RAMAL 7934 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: cbpv_rbpv.fcav@unesp.br

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[1] *Corresponding author: Júlia Jarošová, Institute of Parasitology SAS, Hlinkova 3, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia. e-mail: jarosova@saske.sk