Selection for hypocotyl diameter results in genetic gain in common bean plant architecture

Anjos, Rafael Silva Ramos dos; Poersch, Nerison Luís; Batista, Lorena Guimarães; Moura, Lisandra Magna; Carneiro, José Eustáquio de Souza; Dias, Luiz Antônio dos Santos; Carneiro, Pedro Crescêncio Souza

doi:10.1590/1984-70332018v18n4a61

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Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology

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ARTICLE • Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol. 18 (04) • Dec 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332018v18n4a61 copy

Selection for hypocotyl diameter results in genetic gain in common bean plant architecture

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Studies highlight the hypocotyl diameter (HD) as an effective indicator of plant architecture (PA). Here, we estimated the genetic gain based on HD to improve PA. Twenty populations of cycles zero (C₀) and one (C₁), both in the F₄ generation, were evaluated for PA, grain yield (GY) and HD. Plants with thickest HD in C₀ were intercrossed in a circulant diallel mating design. In cycle C₁, an estimated genetic gain of 4.93% was achieved for PA and 4.95% for HD. The populations with the highest probability of breeding lines with a thicker HD belong to cycle C₁, and this selection strategy did not alter the GY of the populations of this cycle. Thus, indirect selection based on HD is promising for breeding for common bean PA by recurrent mass selection.

Keywords:
Phaseolus vulgaris L; indirect selection; recurrent phenotypic selection; upright growth; autogamous plant breeding

Parent¹	Origin	Grain type	Plant type	Growth
BRS Valente	Embrapa	Black	II	Upright
BRS Supremo	Embrapa	Black	II	Upright
IPR Uirapuru	IAPAR	Black	II	Upright
BRS Horizonte	Embrapa	Carioca	II	Upright
CNFC 9466	Embrapa	Carioca	II	Upright
A805	CIAT	Carioca	II	Upright
A170	CIAT	Mulatinho	II	Upright
A525	CIAT	Mulatinho	II	Upright
VC6	UFV	Carioca	II/III	SemiProstrate
BRSMG Majestoso	UFLA	Carioca	II/III	SemiProstrate
BRSMG Madrepérola	UFV	Carioca	III	Prostrate
L1²	UFV	Carioca	II/III	SemiProstrate
L2³	UFV	Carioca	III	Prostrate
L3⁴	UFV	Carioca	III	Prostrate

Population	Genealogy
Population	Cycle C₀	Cycle C₁
01	BRS Valente / BRSMG Madrepérola¹	BRS Valente / BRSMG Madrepérola // BRS Horizonte / L1
02	BRS Supremo / L2	BRS Supremo / L2 // BRS Horizonte / L3
03	BRS Supremo / L3	BRS Supremo / L3 // CNFC 9466 / VC6
04	BRS Horizonte /VC6	BRS Horizonte / VC6 // CNFC 9466 / BRSMG Madrepérola
05	BRS Horizonte / BRSMG Madrepérola	BRS Horizonte / BRSMG Madrepérola // A805 / BRSMG Majestoso
06	BRS Horizonte /L1	BRS Horizonte / L1 // A805 / BRSMG Madrepérola
07	BRS Horizonte / L3	BRS Horizonte / L3 // A805 / L2
08	CNFC 9466 / VC6	CNFC 9466 / VC6 // A805 / L3
09	CNFC 9466 / BRSMG Madrepérola	CNFC 9466 / BRSMG Madrepérola // A170 / VC6
10	A805 / BRSMG Majestoso	A805 / BRSMG Majestoso // A170 / BRSMG Madrepérola
11	A805 / BRSMG Madrepérola	A805 / BRSMG Madrepérola // A170 / L2
12	A805 / L2	A805 / L2 // A170 / L3
13	A805 / L3	A805 / L3 // A525 / BRSMG Majestoso
14	A170 / VC6	A170 / VC6 // A525 / L1
15	A170 / BRSMG Madrepérola	A170 / BRSMG Madrepérola // A525 / L2
16	A170 / L2	A170 / L2 // BRS Valente / BRSMG Madrepérola
17	A170 / L3	A170 / L3 // BRS Supremo / L2
18	A525 / BRSMG Majestoso	A525 / BRSMG Majestoso // BRS Supremo / L3
19	A525 / L1	A525 / L1 // BRS Horizonte / VC6
20	A525 / L2	A525 / L2 // BRS Horizonte / BRSMG Madrepérola

Sources of variation	df	Mean squares
Sources of variation	df	PA	HD¹	GY²
Blocks	2	0.7435	0.6134	1256538.3591
Treatments	48	0.7491^**	0.3407^**	620484,5308^**
Populations (POP)	39	0.4991^**	0.2295^**	450791.3069^**
POP C₀	19	0.6500^**	0.1600^**	679558.1710^**
POP C₁	19	0.3289^**	0.2321^**	241938.1677^**
POP C₀ vs. POP C₁	1	0.8670^**	1.5008^**	72430.5330
Controls	8	1.6875^**	0.7001^**	1437853.9141^**
POP vs. Controls	1	2.9903^**	1.8045^**	699565.1993^**
Error	96	0.1067	0.0680	79415.9956
CVe (%)		9.43	5.53	12.08
Control mean		3.17	4.48	2187.11
POP mean		3.53	4.76	2365.26
Mean POP C₀		3.45	4.65	2389.83
Mean POP C₁		3.62	4.88	2340.69
GG (%)		4.93	4.95	-2.06

Hypocotyl diameter			Grain yield per plant			Selection index
POP¹	Mean	PSL²	POP	Mean	PSL³	POP	I_PSL
03 - C₁	5.40 (4.00)⁴	20.61	01 - C₀	17.16	64.80	14 - C₁	3.81
12 - C₁	5.14 (3.50)	20.61	14 - C₁	15.38	59.10	12 - C₁	3.17
18 - C₁	5.21 (4.00)	19.77	09 - C₀	15.46	55.96	03 - C₁	2.82
14 - C₁	5.34 (4.00)	17.88	04 - C₁	15.14	53.19	04 - C₁	2.81
13 - C₁	4.96 (3.83)	15.87	11 - C₁	14.21	48.80	18 - C₁	2.51
04 - C₁	5.13 (3.40)	15.62	09 - C₁	13.97	48.01	01 - C₀	2.35
11 - C₁	4.83 (3.67)	15.15	12 - C₁	13.93	47.61	11 - C₁	2.29
19 - C₁	5.14 (4.00)	13.14	19 - C₁	13.64	47.21	19 - C₁	1.77
18 - C₀	4.89 (4.17)	11.90	08 - C₀	13.33	45.22	09 - C₁	1.31
14 - C₀	4.93 (4.17)	11.70	04 - C₀	13.30	44.04	09 - C₀	1.25
17 - C₀	4.83 (3.00)	11.51	03 - C₁	13.46	44.04	17 - C₀	1.04
09 - C₁	4.88 (3.50)	10.20	11 - C₀	13.36	42.86	18 - C₀	0.85
03 - C₀	4.92 (3.67)	10.03	17 - C₀	13.48	42.86	08 - C₀	0.82
08 - C₀	5.02 (3.67)	9.01	18 - C₁	13.27	42.47	13 - C₁	0.73
01 - C₁	4.80 (3.83)	7.78	12 - C₀	12.22	40.90	01 - C₁	0.02
20 - C₁	4.70 (3.00)	7.35	15 - C₁	12.91	40.90	04 - C₀	-0.31
02 - C₀	4.58 (3.00)	7.21	05 - C₀	13.03	40.13	20 - C₁	-0.36
01 - C₀	4.98 (2.83)	6.81	18 - C₀	12.55	40.13	03 - C₀	-0.37
19 - C₀	4.84 (4.17)	6.81	01 - C₁	12.25	39.36	12 - C₀	-0.38
17 - C₁	4.82 (3.83)	6.68	05 - C₁	11.99	38.21	17 - C₁	-0.45
02 - C₁	4.78 (3.50)	6.43	16 - C₁	12.26	37.45	11 - C₀	-0.46
06 - C₁	4.50 (3.67)	6.18	17 - C₁	12.04	36.69	15 - C₁	-0.47
16 - C₁	4.72 (3.33)	6.06	10 - C₁	11.63	36.32	16 - C₁	-0.48
09 - C₀	4.81 (3.00)	5.59	20 - C₁	11.64	36.32	02 - C₀	-0.57
10 - C₀	4.47 (3.17)	5.37	02 - C₀	11.19	34.46	05 - C₁	-0.59
07 - C₁	4.47 (3.33)	5.37	15 - C₀	11.37	34.09	05 - C₀	-0.92
05 - C₁	4.66 (3.17)	5.05	07 - C₁	10.53	34.09	07 - C₁	-0.94
12 - C₀	4.58 (2.83)	4.75	10 - C₀	11.69	33.72	10 - C₁	-0.96
15 - C₁	4.64 (3.17)	4.27	06 - C₁	10.80	32.28	06 - C₁	-0.97
10 - C₁	4.51 (3.50)	4.09	13 - C₀	10.99	31.92	10 - C₀	-0.98
20 - C₀	4.31 (3.83)	3.75	13 - C₁	11.12	31.56	02 - C₁	-1.34
04 - C₀	4.55 (3.00)	3.44	03 - C₀	11.66	31.21	14 - C₀	-1.41
11 - C₀	4.53 (3.33)	3.29	06 - C₀	10.78	31.21	19 - C₀	-1.43
08 - C₁	4.75 (4.17)	3.14	07 - C₀	11.43	30.50	15 - C₀	-1.45
13 - C₀	4.42 (3.83)	3.07	08 - C₁	10.87	29.12	13 - C₀	-1.57
15 - C₀	4.58 (3.67)	2.56	02 - C₁	10.71	28.10	08 - C₁	-1.84
16 - C₀	4.40 (3.50)	2.39	19 - C₀	9.74	26.43	07 - C₀	-1.88
05 - C₀	4.49 (2.83)	2.22	20 - C₀	9.64	22.96	06 - C₀	-1.99
07 - C₀	4.55 (3.67)	2.17	14 - C₀	9.58	17.62	20 - C₀	-2.33
06 - C₀	4.33 (3.67)	1.16	16 - C₀	9.63	17.62	16 - C₀	-3.11
A525	5.20 (3.83)	-	-	6.11	-	-	-
Pérola	4.04 (2.33)	-	-	12.01	-	-	-

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