Genetic progress of the peach breeding program of Embrapa over 16 years

Corrêa, Elisia Rodrigues; Nardino, Maicon; Barros, Willian Silva; Raseira, Maria do Carmo Bassols

doi:10.1590/1984-70332019v19n3a44

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Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology

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ARTICLE • Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol. 19 (03) • Jul-Sep 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332019v19n3a44 copy

Genetic progress of the peach breeding program of Embrapa over 16 years

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The peach breeding program of the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), addressing the adaptation to mild winter conditions, is one of the largest in the world and maintains a germplasm collection of nearly 900 accessions. The objective was to estimate the genetic progress in fruit weight (FW) and fruit development period (FDP) resulting from the above program, by analyzing data records of 16 years (2000 - 2015) of 65 genotypes. Based on samples of ≥ 10 fruits, the mean annual FW (in g) and FDP (in number of days) from full flowering to harvest were determined. In the 16 years, the gain in FDP consisted of respective reductions of about -12.8, -3.3, -2.8 days for canning peach, fresh peach and nectarine. However, the genetic progress in fruit weight was 5.3, 1.4 and -17.9 g fruit^-1 for canning peach, fresh peach and nectarine, respectively.

Keywords:
Prunus persica; canning peach, fresh peach, fruit development period, fruit weight

		GENEALOGY
Type	Genotype	FP	MP	FPFP	FPMP	MPFP	MPMP
Canning	ALDRIGHI	Introduction Arthur Kaster - Santa Eulalia-Pelotas-RS
Canning	AMETISTA	ALPES×RR31-201	OP	ALPES	RR31-201	OP
Canning	CERRITO	LAKECITY×Intermediário	OP	LAKECITY	INTERMEDIARIO	OP
Canning	CONSERVA 1174	ELDORADO	CASCATA727	GUADERIO	SERRANO	CONSERVA327	TAQUARI19
Canning	CONSERVA 1378	CONSERVA919	LIBRA	TURMALINA	OP	CONSERVA594	PEPITA
Canning	CITRINO	CONSERVA1104	LEONENSE	ELDORADO	SENSAÇÃO	BRILHANTE	NJC97×OP
Canning	CONSERVA 1400	ESMERALDA	ÂMBAR	ALPES	RR37201	ESMERALDA	CONSERVA555
Canning	CONSERVA 1478	AMETISTA	CONSERVA594	ALPES×RR31-201	OP	Capdeboscq×MadrugadoR	OP
Canning	CONSERVA 1528	CONSERVA961	OLÍMPIA	ELDORADO	MACIEL	BOLINHA	Introduction selection 7-28
Canning	CONSERVA 1848	(Cascata1062×Maciel)	OP	CASCATA1062	MACIEL	OP
Canning	CONSERVA 961	ELDORADO	MACIEL	GUADERIO	SERRANO	CONSERVA171	CONSERVA334
Canning	DIAMANTE	CONVENIO	PELOTAS77	AMSDEM×ABOBORA	OP	CARDEAL×ALDRIGH	OP
Canning	ESMERALDA	ALPES	RR37201	ALDRIGHI	TAPES	INTRODUCTION FROM AMERICA
Canning	JUBILEU	BOLINHA	Introduction selection 7-28	ALDRIGHI	OP	INTRODUCTION FROM MEXICO
Canning	LIBRA	CONSERVA594	PEPITA	CAPDEBOSCQ×MADRUGADOR	OP	PRECOCINHO	OP
Canning	MAGNO	AMBROSIOPERRET	TAPES	Introduction		LAKECITY	Intermediario(S56-32)
Canning	PEPITA	PRECOCINHO	OP	DIAMANTE	OP	OP
Canning	PRECOCINHO	DIAMANTE	OP	CONVENIO	PELOTAS77	OP
Canning	SANTA AUREA	CERRITO	NJC88	(LAKECITY×Intermediário) PL	Introduction of Rutgers	Material of Rutgers	Rutgers
Canning	AGATA	682011041×C2R19T182	OP	682011041	C2R19T182	OP
Canning	AMBAR	ESMERALDA	CONSERVA 555	ALPES	RR37201	AMBRPERRET	UNKNOWN
Canning	CONSERVA 1260	CONSERVA881	CASCATA727	CONSERVA594	RIOGRANDENSE	CONSERVA327	TAQUARI19
Canning	CONSERVA 758	GRANITO	OP	ALPES×CONS102	OP	OP
Canning	MACIEL	CONSERVA171	CONSERVA334	ALDRIGHI	PELOTAS76	712128-Introduction RUTGERS
Fresh market	AURORA 1	OUROMEL_3	*	TUTU	COLUMBINA	OP
Fresh market	BR3	PALA	OP	CORAL	PANAMINT	OP
Fresh market	CASCATA 805	CHIMARRITA	DELLANOVA	BABCOOCK	FLORDABELLE	DELICIOSO×NECTARINE 5	OP
Fresh market	CASCATA 1067	BR3	A333	PALA	OP	Introduçtion American	*
Fresh market	CASCATA 1405	FASCÍNIO	OP	CHIMARRITA×LINDA	OP	OP
Fresh market	CASCATA 1423	FASCÍNIO	OP	CHIMARRITA×LINDA	OP	OP	OP
Fresh market	CASCATA 1427	CASCATA1011	GRANADA	CHIMARRITA	CRISTALTAQUARI	GRANITO	OP
Fresh market	CASCATA 1481	CHIMARRITA	ESPANHA 77	BABCOOCK	FLORDABELLE	Introduction from Espain
Fresh market	CASCATA 1485	CASCATA811×CONS917	OP	CASCATA811	CONS917	OP
Fresh market	CASCATA 1513	CASCATA845	CHIMARRITA	CHULA	FLA7-2	BABCOOCK	FLORDABELLE
Fresh market	CASCATA 1525	CHIRUA	CASCATA587	BR1	CASCATA277	SULINA	C1R4T135
Fresh market	CASCATA 1577	TROPIC SNOW	MARFIM	FLA7-11	MARAVILHA	CORAL	GANGSHANZUOSHENG
Fresh market	CASCATA 1579	CASCATA1029	CHIMARRITA	CASCATA655	A236	BABCOOCK	FLORDABELLE
Fresh market	CASCATA 1635	CASCATA1203	CORAL	JADE	A554	DELICIOSO×INTERLUDIO	OP
		GENEALOGY
Type	Genotype	FP	MP	FPFP	FPMP	MPFP	MPMP
Fresh market	CASCATA 1665	CHIMARRITA× CROWNPRINCESS	OP	CHIMARRITA	CROWNPRINCESS	OP
Fresh market	CASCATA 1693	CASCATA1056	DELLA NONA	CONSERVA881	ELDORADO	DELICIOSO×NECTARED5	OP
Fresh market	CASCATA 1733	(CHIMARRITA×CROWNPRINCESS)	OP	CHIMARRITA	CROWNPRINCESS	OP
Fresh market	CHARME	CASCATA340	BR1	NJ230×FLA26.31	OP	DELICIOSO	PANAMINT
Fresh market	CHIMARRITA	BABCOOCK	FLORDABELLE	Introduction E.E.AGROP.S.PEDRO-ARG
Fresh market	CHINOCA	CORAL	GANGSHANZUOSHENG	DELICIOSO×INTERLUDIO	OP	Introduction unknow pollen
Fresh market	CHIRIPA	DELICIOSO	NECTARED5	INTRODUZIDO E.E.DEPOMICULTURA TAQUARI		Introduction of Newbranswicks-NJ-USA
Fresh market	CORAL	DELICIOSO× INTERLUDIO	OP	DELICIOSO	INTERLUDIO	OP
Fresh market	FASCINIO	CHIMARRITA×LINDA	OP	CHIMARRITA	LINDA	OP
Fresh market	KAMPAI	CHIMARRITA	FLORDAPRINCE	BABCOOCK	FLORDABELLE	Release from University of Florida
Fresh market	MARLI	DELICIOSO	PRELUDIO	INTRODUZIDO E.E.DEPOMICULTURA TAQUARI		DELICIOSO	INTERLUDIO
Fresh market	PREMIER	CARDEAL×15DENOVEMBRO	OP	CARDEAL	15DENOVEMBRO	OP
Fresh market	REGALO	CHULA	CHIMARRITA	DELICIOSO	PANAMINT	BABCOOCK	FLORDABELLE
Fresh market	SULINA	PRINCESA	PREMIER	HAWAI×SOTHLAND	OP	CARDEAL×15DENOVEMBRO	OP
Nectarine	NECTA468	BR3	NECTAIAPAR	PALA	OP	Introduction of IAPAR
Nectarine	NECTA474	SUNRED×A425	OP	SUNRED	A425	OP
Nectarine	NECTA475	CERRITO×A334CN	OP	CERRITO	A334CN	OP
Nectarine	NECTA477	CERRITO×A334CN	OP	CERRITO	A334CN	OP	CERRITO×A334CN
Nectarine	NECTA480	CONSERVA1134	SUNGEN	ELDORADO	A403CN	Introduction
Nectarine	NECTA508	SUNRED	RAYON	PANAMINT×FLA9-10	OP	Introduction
Nectarine	NECTA528	DULCE	SUNSNOW	Seed Introduced	*	Introduction
Nectarine	NECTA531	TROPICSNOW	MARFIN	FLA7-11	MARAVILHA	CORAL	GANGSHANZUOSHENG
Nectarine	NECTA532	NECTA432	SUNBLAZE	BRANCA× LINDA	OP	FLA3-4N	FLA5-9
Nectarine	NECTA536	NECTA432	SUNBLAZE	BRANCA× LINDA	OP	FLA3-4N	FLA5-9
Nectarine	NECTA544	SUNMIST	TX4C188LWN	FLORDAGLO	MAYFIRE	Introduction from TexasA&M Smooth Deligth2
Nectarine	NECTA561	NECTA419	SUNMIST	BRANCA	LINDA	FLORDAGLO	MAYFIRE
Nectarine	SUNBLAZE	FLA3-4N	FLA5-9	Florida Program			Florida Program

	Fruit development period
	Inclusion			Exclusion			Maintenance			Renewal
Biennium	^a C_D	^b M	^c N	C_D	M	N	C_D	M	N	C_D	M	N
01/00	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	50.0%	36.4%	0.0%	50.0%	63.6%	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
02/01	30.0%	0.0%	0.0%	10.0%	14.3%	100.0%	60.0%	85.7%	0.0%	33.3%	0.0%	0.0%
03/02	18.2%	40.0%	100.0%	9.1%	20.0%	0.0%	72.7%	40.0%	0.0%	20.0%	50.0%	100.0%
04/03	9.1%	11.1%	0.0%	9.1%	22.2%	100.0%	81.8%	66.7%	0.0%	10.0%	14.3%	100.0%
05/04	16.7%	36.4%	100.0%	41.7%	45.5%	0.0%	41.7%	18.2%	0.0%	28.6%	66.7%	100.0%
06/05	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	85.7%	100.0%	100.0%	14.3%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	66.7%	100.0%
07/06	87.5%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	12.5%	0.0%	0.0%	87.5%	100.0%	100.0%
08/07	50.0%	45.5%	40.0%	12.5%	18.2%	0.0%	37.5%	36.4%	60.0%	57.1%	55.6%	40.0%
09/08	17.6%	43.8%	16.7%	23.5%	0.0%	16.7%	58.5%	56.3%	66.7%	23.1%	43.8%	20.0%
10/09	31.6%	20.0%	50.0%	10.5%	30.0%	0.0%	57.9%	50.0%	50.0%	35.3%	28.6%	50.0%
11/10	15.0%	22.2%	9.1%	15.0%	11.1%	18.2%	70.0%	66.7%	72.7%	17.6%	25.0%	11.1%
12/11	5.6%	27.3%	10.0%	61.1%	18.2%	50.0%	33.3%	54.5%	40.0%	14.3%	33.3%	20.0%
13/12	61.1%	18.2%	50.0%	22.2%	4.5%	40.0%	16.7%	77.3%	10.0%	78.6%	19.0%	83.3%
14/13	22.2%	8.7%	0.0%	38.9%	56.5%	100.0%	38.9%	34.8%	0.0%	36.4%	20.0%	83.3%
15/14	42.1%	44.4%	0.0%	21.1%	11.1%	100.0%	36.8%	44.4%	0.0%	53.3%	50.0%	83.3%
	Fruit weight
	Inclusion			Exclusion			Maintenance			Renewal
Biennium	C_D	M	N	C_D	M	N	C_D	M	N	C_D	M	N
01/00	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	50.0%	45.5%	0.0%	50.0%	54.5%	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
02/01	30.0%	14.3%	0.0%	10.0%	14.3%	100.0%	60.0%	71.4%	0.0%	33.3%	16.7%	0.0%
03/02	18.2%	40.0%	100.0%	9.1%	20.0%	0.0%	72.7%	40.0%	0.0%	20.0%	50.0%	100.0%
04/03	9.1%	11.1%	0.0%	9.1%	22.2%	100.0%	81.8%	66.7%	0.0%	10.0%	14.3%	100.0%
05/04	16.7%	30.0%	100.0%	33.3%	30.0%	0.0%	50.0%	40.0%	0.0%	25.0%	42.9%	100.0%
06/05	50.0%	30.0%	0.0%	25.0%	30.0%	0.0%	25.0%	40.0%	100.0%	66.7%	42.9%	0.0%
07/06	20.0%	36.4%	75.0%	26.7%	27.3%	25.0%	53.3%	36.4%	0.0%	27.3%	50.0%	100.0%
08/07	31.3%	38.5%	0.0%	37.5%	23.1%	33.3%	31.3%	38.5%	66.7%	50.0%	50.0%	0.0%
09/08	47.4%	37.5%	60.0%	10.5%	0.0%	0.0%	42.1%	62.5%	40.0%	52.9%	37.5%	60.0%
10/09	15.0%	23.8%	44.4%	15.0%	23.8%	0.0%	70.0%	52.4%	55.6%	17.6%	31.3%	44.4%
11/10	15.0%	20.0%	10.0%	10.0%	10.0%	10.0%	75.0%	70.0%	80.0%	16.7%	22.2%	11.1%
12/11	0.0%	5.3%	0.0%	27.8%	15.8%	55.6%	72.2%	78.9%	44.4%	0.0%	6.3%	0.0%
13/12	27.8%	23.8%	20.0%	16.7%	23.8%	40.0%	55.6%	52.4%	40.0%	33.3%	31.3%	33.3%
14/13	6.3%	15.8%	25.0%	31.3%	42.1%	50.0%	62.5%	42.1%	25.0%	90.9%	27.3%	50.0%
15/14	35.3%	42.1%	60.0%	11.8%	5.3%	20.0%	52.9%	52.6%	20.0%	40.0%	44.4%	75.0%

Type/Trait	Mean 2000*		µ G		GP (%)
	FDP	FW	FDP	FW	FDP	FW
Canning peach	151.50	125.85	-18.77	5.83	-12.76	5.34
Fresh peach	130.00	92.63	-4.28	1.26	-3.29	1.36
Nectarine	134.00	95.00	-3.78	-17.03	-2.82	-17.93

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