| Micellar Solutions |
↑ RSV solubilization by 3,7,12-triketocholic acid (Atanacković et al., 2009; Atanacković, Gojkovic-Bukarica and Cvejic, 2012) |
NA |
NA |
| Nanoemulsions/ Microemulsions |
Optimized microemulsion improved RSV solubility (Bolko, Zvonar, Gasperlin, 2014) |
Improved physical stability (Singh, Pai, 2014; Sessa et al., 2014) |
Improved oral bioavailability (Singh, Pai, 2014; Sessa et al., 2014) |
| Cyclodextrins |
↑ solubility of resulting complexes (Narayananet al., 2009) Solubility of RSV-CD complex at least > 100 times (López-Nicolás, Rodriguez-Bonilla, Garcia-Carmona, 2009) |
Stabilization at pH 5.5-8.5 ↑ HP-β-CD-t-RSV complex stability (Amriet al., 2012; López-Nicolás, Rodriguez-Bonilla, Garcia-Carmona, 2009) |
Controlled release (López-Nicolás, Rodriguez-Bonilla, Garcia-Carmona, 2009) |
| Solid Lipid Nanoparticles |
Poloxamer 188 enhances RSV solubility (Teskač, Kristl, 2010) |
Partition of RSV into the SLN sphere, physical stability (stable for at least four weeks) (Teskač, Kristl, 2010); Improved physical stability for two months (Neveset al., 2013) |
Sustained release (Teskač, Kristl, 2010) |
| Polymeric Nanoparticles |
Carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles improved solubility (Zu et al., 2014) |
NA |
Controlled release and better bioavailability (Zu et al., 2014; Sanna et al., 2013); Improved bioavailability and liver targeting (Bu et al., 2013) |
| Liposomes |
Optimized formulation improved solubility (Basavaraj, Betageri, 2014) |
Protection from light and other degradation processes (Delmas et al., 2011) |
Slow and sustained release (Delmas et al., 2011); Improved bioavailability (Basavaraj, Betageri, 2014) |
| Chitosan Microspheres |
NA |
↑ irradiation resistance ↑ thermal stability (Peng et al., 2010) |
First burst release Second slow release (Penget al., 2010) |
| DPPC-HA Microspheres |
NA |
NA |
Slow release (Eroğlu et al., 2015) |
