Crush SDF, dispersion with water and immediate administration. |
acetylsalicylic acid (Jamal, Dumke, 2012JAMAL, Y., DUMKE, E.H. Padronização de medicamentos sólidos orais via sonda nasoenteral em um hospital de cascavel, Paraná. Thêma et Scientia, v.2, n.2, p.91-106, 2012.). |
Crush SDF, adding suspending agent and SQT with syrup. |
amlodipine (Loyd, 2006LOYD, V.A. Amlodipine 1-mg/mL Oral Liquid. Int. J. Pharm.. Compound., v.10, n.2, p.137, 2006. ); amitriptyline (Gupta, 2009GUPTA, V.D. Chemical stability of amitriptyline hydrochloride in oral liquid dosage forms. Int. J. Pharm.. Comp., v.13, n.5, p.445-446, 2009.); ciprofloxacin (Johnson et al., 1988JOHNSON, C.E.; WONG, D.V.; HOPPE, H.L.; MEHTA-BHATT, V. Stability of ciprofloxacin in an extemporaneous oral liquid dosage form. Int. J. Pharmac. Compound., v.2, n.4, p.314-317, 1988. In: WOODS, D.J. Formulation in Pharmacy Practice. New Zealand: PharmInfoTech, 2011. Available at: <http://www.pharminfotech.co.nz/manual/Formulation/mixtures/ciprofloxacin.html>. Acessed on: 30 mar. 2015. http://www.pharminfotech.co.nz/manual/Fo...
); clopidogrel (Skillman, Caruthers, Johnson, 2010SKILLMAN, K.I.; CARUTHERS, R.I.; JOHNSON, C.E. Stability of an extemporaneously prepared clopidogrel oral suspension. Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm., v.67, n.7, p.559-561, 2010. ); diazepam (Newton, Schulman, Becker, 1976NEWTON, D.W.; SCHULMAN, S.G.; BECKER, C.H. Limitations of compounding diazepam suspensions from tablets. Am. J. Hosp. Pharm., v.33, n.5, p.450-452, 1976. In: WOODS, D.J. Formulation in Pharmacy Practice. New Zealand: PharmInfoTech , 2011. Available at: <http://www.pharminfotech.co.nz/manual/Formulation/mixtures/diazepam.html>. Acessed on: 30 mar. 2015. http://www.pharminfotech.co.nz/manual/Fo...
; Strom, Agbai, 1986STROM, J.G.; AGBAI, K.U. Formulation and stability of diazepam suspension compounded from tablets. Am. J. Hosp. Pharm., v.43, n.6, p.1489-1491, 1986. In: WOODS, D.J. Formulation in Pharmacy Practice. New Zealand: PharmInfoTech , 2011. Available at: <http://www.pharminfotech.co.nz/manual/Formulation/mixtures/diazepam.html>. Acessed on: 30 mar. 2015. http://www.pharminfotech.co.nz/manual/Fo...
); lamotrigine (Nahata, Morosco, Hipple, 1999NAHATA, M.C.; MOROSCO, R.S.; HIPPLE, T.F. Stability of lamotrigine in two extemporaneously prepared oral suspensions at 4 and 25 °C. Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm., v.56, n.3, p.681-686, 1999.); levodopa and carbidopa (Nahata, Morosco, Leguire, 2000); pyrimethamine (Nahata, Morosco, Hipple, 1997); prednisone (Gupta, Gibbs, Ghanekar, 1978). |
Crush SDF, adding suspending agent and other agents (humectants, binders and / or acidifying) and SQT with syrup. |
atenolol (Patel, Doshi, Desai, 1997PATEL, D.; DOSHI, D.H.; DESAI, A. Short-term stability of atenolol in oral liquid formulations. Int. J. Pharmac. Compound., v.1, n.6, p.437-439, 1997. In: WOODS, D.J. Formulation in Pharmacy Practice. New Zealand: PharmInfoTech , 2011. Available at: <http://www.pharminfotech.co.nz/manual/Formulation/mixtures/atenolol.html>. Acessed on: 30 mar. 2015. http://www.pharminfotech.co.nz/manual/Fo...
); baclofen (Johnson, Hart, 1993JOHNSON, C.E.; HART, S.M. Stability of an extemporaneously compounded baclofen oral liquid. Am. J. Hosp. Pharm., v.50, n.11. p.2353-2345, 1993.); gabapentin (Nahata, 1999NAHATA, M.C.; MOROSCO, R.S.; HIPPLE, T.F. Stability of lamotrigine in two extemporaneously prepared oral suspensions at 4 and 25 °C. Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm., v.56, n.3, p.681-686, 1999.); lorazepam (Wan-Man et al., 2004); losartan (Allen, 2012ALLEN, L.V. Losartan Potassium 2.5 mg/mL Oral Suspension. U.S. Pharm., v.37, n.9, p.46-47, 2012.); metoprolol (Allen, Erickson, 1996); norfloxacin (Boonme et al., 2000BOONME P, PHADOOGSOMBUT N, PHOOMBORPLUB P, VIRIYASOM S. Stability of extemporaneous norfloxacin suspension. Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm., v.26, n.7, p.777-779, 2000. ); topiramate (Loyd, 2009LOYD, V.A. Topiramate 6-mg/mL Oral Suspension. Int. J. Pharm.. Compound., v.13, n.6, p.560, 2009.). |
Crush SDF, adding agents (humectants, binders, acidifiers and thickeners) and SQT with syrup. |
captopril (Lye et al., 1997LYE, M.Y.; YOW, K.L.; LIM, L.Y.; CHAN, S.Y.; CHAN, E.; HO, P.C. Effects of ingredients of stability of captopril in extemporaneously prepared oral liquids. Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm., v.54, n.21, p.2483-2487, 1997.); diltiazem (Allen, Erickson, 1996ALLEN, L.V.; ERICKSON, M.A. Stability of labetalol HCl, metoprolol tartrate, verapamil HCl, and spironolactone with hydrochlorothiazide in extemporaneously compounded oral liquids. Am. J. Health-Sys. Pharm., v.37, n.9, p.2304-2309, 1996.); tenofovir (King et al., 2011KING, J.; MCMALL, M.; CANNELLA, A.; MARKIEWICZ, M.A.; JAMES, A.; HOOD, C. B.; et al., A randomized crossover study to determine relative bioequivalence of tenofovir, emtricitabine, and efavirenz (Atripla) fixed-dose combination tablet compared with a compounded oral liquid formulation derived from the tablet. J. Acquir. Imm. Defic. Syndr., v.6, n.5, p.131-132, 2011.). |
Crush SDF, adding other agents (humectants, binders, acidifying, alkalizing and thickeners). |
carvedilol (Yamreudeewong, Dolence, Deborah, 2006YAMREUDEEWONG, W.; DOLENCE, E.K.; DEBORAH, P. Stability of two extemporaneously prepared oral metoprolol and carvedilol liquids. Hosp. Pharm., v.41, n.3, p.254-259, 2006. ); clobazam (Buontempo et al., 2013BUONTEMPO, F.; MORETTON, M.A.; QUIROGA, E.; CHIAPPETTA, D.A. Extemporaneous clobazam suspensions for pediatric use prepared from commercially available tablets and pure drug. Farm. Hospit., v.37, n.2, p.103-110, 2013. ); clonidine (Ma, Decarie, Ensom, 2014MA, C.; DECARIE, D.; ENSOM, M.H. Stability of clonidine suspension in oral plastic syringes. Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm., v.71, n.15, p.657-661, 2014. ); donepezil (Yamreudeewong, Dolenc, Pahl, 2006); spironolactone (Salgado et al., 2005SALGADO, A.C.; ROSA, M.L.; DUARTE, M.A.; ALMEIDA, A.J. Stability of spironolactone in an extemporaneously prepared aqueous suspensions: the importance of microbiological quality of compounded pediatric formulations. Eur. J. Hosp. Pharm., v.11, n.3, p.68-73, 2005); enalapril (Nahata, Morosco, Hipple, 1998NAHATA, M.C.; MOROSCO, R.S.; HIPPLE, T.F. Stability of enalapril maleate in three extemporaneously prepared oral liquids. Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm., v.55, n.11, p.1155-1157, 1998.); phenytoin (Viriyaroj et al., 2009VIRIYAROJ, A.; KLAPACHAN, S.; PHANPLEEWA, N.C.; VIRIYAROJ, V.; SORNCHAITHAWATWONG, C.; WIRANIDCHAPONG, C. Physicochemical and microbiological stability of phenytoin sodium extemporaneous suspension. Thai Pharm. Health Sci. J., v.4, n.4, p.463-470, 2009.); fluconazole (Yamreudeewong, Lopez-Anaya, Rappaport, 1993); furosemide (Shoosanglertwijit et al., 2011); hydralazine (Okeke et al., 2003OKEKE, C.C.; MEDWICK, T.; NAIRN, G.; KHUSPE, S.; GRADY, L. T. Stability of hydralazine hydrochloride in both flavored and nonflavored extemporaneous preparations. Int. J. Pharm.. Comp., v.7, n.4, p.313-319, 2003); hydrochlorothiazide (Santoveña, Hernández-Paiz, Fariña, 2012SANTOVEÑA, A.; HERNÁNDEZ-PAIZ, Z.; FARIÑA, J.B. Design of a pediatric oral formulation with a low proportion of hydrochlorothiazide. Int. J. Pharm.., v.423, n.2, p.360-364, 2012. ); levothyroxine (Alexander, Kothapalli, Dollimor, 1997ALEXANDER, K.S.; KOTHAPALLI, M.R.; DOLLIMOR, D. Stability of an extemporaneously formulated levothyroxine sodium syrup compounded from commercial tablets. Int. J. Pharm. Comp., v.1, n.1, p.60-64, 1997.); metformin (Alemón-Medina et al., 2014); omeprazole (Kaufman et al., 2002KAUFMAN, S.S.; LYDEN, E.T.; BROWN, C.R.; DAVIS, C.K.; ANDERSEN, D.A.; OLSEN, K.M.; et al Omeprazole therapy in pediatric patients after liver and intestinal transplant. J. Ped. Gastroenter. Nutr., v.34, n.2, p.194-198, 2002.); propranolol (Ensom et al., 2013); sulfadiazine (Pathmanathan et al., 2004PATHMANATHAN, U.; HALGRAIN, D.; CHIADMI, F.; SCHALATTER, J.; VERMERIE, N. Stability of sulfadiazine oral liquids prepared from tableys and powder. J. Pharm. Pharm.c. Sci., v.7, n.1, p.84-87, 2004.); warfarin (Haywood, Glass, 2013HAYWOOD, A.; GLASS, B.D. Liquid Dosage Forms Extemporaneously Prepared from Commercially Available Products - Considering New Evidence on Stability. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci., v.16, n.3, p. 441-55, 2013. ); |
They should not be administered by gavage (tube obstruction, lack of information or instability) |
calcium carbonate (Jamal, Dumke, 2012JAMAL, Y., DUMKE, E.H. Padronização de medicamentos sólidos orais via sonda nasoenteral em um hospital de cascavel, Paraná. Thêma et Scientia, v.2, n.2, p.91-106, 2012.); simvastatin (Jamal, Dumke, 2012). |