Tablets |
Losartan (Chen, 2010Chen RN, Ho HO, Yu CY, Sheu MT. Development of swelling/floating gastroretentive drug delivery system based on a combination of hydroxyethyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose for losartan and its clinical relevance in healthy volunteers with CYP2C9 polymorphism. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2010;39(1-3):82-89.), propranolol (Chinta, Graves, Pamujula, 2009Chinta DD, Graves RA, Pamujula S, Bostanian LA, Mandal TK. Spray dried chitosan as a direct compression tableting excipient. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2009;35(1):43-48.; Srikanth et al., 2012Srikanth MV, Rao N, Sunil SA, Ram B, Kolapalli VRM. Design and evaluation of a propranolol HCl gastric floating tablet. Acta Pharm Sinica B. 2012;2:60-69.), furosemide (Ozdemir, Ordu, Ozkan, 2000Ozdemir N, Ordu S, Ozkan Y. Studies of floating dosage forms of furosemide: in vitro and in vivo evaluation of bilayer tablet formulation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2000;26(8):857-866.; Sahu, Singh, Verma, 2011Sahu AK, Singh SK, Verma A. Formulation development of buoyant controlled release tablets containing chitosan: optimization of in vitro dissolution and release kinetics. Int J Pharm Sci. 2011;3(Suppl 2):81-85.), verapamil (Elkheshen, Yassin, 2004Elkheshen SA, Yassin AEB, Alsuwayeh S. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of floating controlled release dosage forms of verapamil hydrochloride. Pharmazeutische Ind. 2004;66:1364-72.; Sawicki, 2002Sawicki W. Pharmacokinetics of verapamil and norverapamil from controlled release floating pellets in humans. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2002;53(1):29-35.), captopril (Martinez, Ramirez, Robles, 2010Martinez IJ, Ramirez AMD, Robles LV. Effect of antioxidants on captopril floating matrices. Pharm Dev Technol. 2010;15(3):230-240.; Nur, Zhang, 2000Nur AO, Zhang JS. Captopril floating and/or bioadhesive tablets: design and release kinetics. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2000;26(9):965-969.), nimodipine (Barmpalexis, Kachrimanis, Georgarakis, 2011Barmpalexis P, Kachrimanis K, Georgarakis E. Solid dispersions in the development of a nimodipine floating tablet formulation and optimization by artificial neural networks and genetic programming. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2011;77(1):122-131.; Wu et al., 1997Wu W, Zhou Q, Zhang HB, Ma GD, Fu CD. Studies on nimodipine sustained release tablet capable of floating on gastric fluids with prolonged gastric resident time. Yao Xue Xue Bao. 1997;32(10):786-790.), nicorandil (Nath, Ahmed, 2016Nath LK, Ahmed AB. Design and development of controlled release floating matrix tablets of nicorandil using hydrophilic cellulose and pH-independent acrylic polymer: In-vitro and in-vivo evaluations. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2016;13(3):315-324.), quinapril (Mali, Bathe, 2015Mali AD, Bathe RS. Design and optimization of gastroretentive floating matrix tablets of an antihypertensive drug quinapril HCl. Int J Pharm Tech. 2015;7(2):9212-9224.), amlodipine (Ramasubramaniyan et al., 2015), atenolol (Charan, Meher, Pochaiah, 2013Charan DV, Meher CP, Pochaiah B. Design and evaluation of atenolol floating drug delivery system. Int J Curr Pharm Rev Res. 2013;4:10-26.), metoprolol (Ratnaparkhi, Garje, Chaudhari, 2013Ratnaparkhi MP, Garje PK, Chaudhari SP. Formulation and evaluation of sustained release floating drug delivery system of metoprolol succinate. Res J Pharm Tech. 2013;6:1058-1063.) |
Microspheres |
Lacidipine (Sultana et al., 2009Sultana S, Bhavna P, Iqbal Z. Lacidipine encapsulated gastroretentive microspheres prepared by chemical denaturation for pylorospasm. J Microencapsul. 2009;26(5):385-393.), diltiazem (Ma et al., 2008Ma N, Xu L, Wang Q, Zhang X, Zhang W, Li Y, et al. Development and evaluation of new sustained release floating microspheres. Int J Pharm. 2008;358(1-2):82-90.), propranolol (Adebisi, Conway, 2011Adebisi A, Conway BR. Gastroretentive microparticles for drug delivery applications. J Microencapsul. 2011;28(8):689-708; Patel et al., 2006), furosemide (Iannuccelli et al., 2000Iannuccelli V, Coppi G, Leo E, Fontana F. Bernabei MT. PVP solid dispersion for the controlled release of furosemide from a floating multiple unit system. Drug Dev Ind Pharm. 2000;26(6):595-603.), verapamil (Tanwar, Naruka, Ojha, 2008Tanwar YS, Naruka PS, Ojha GR. Development and evaluation of floating microspheres of verapamil hydrochloride. Braz J Pharm Sci. 2008;43(4):1-6.), nifedipine (Soppimath et al., 2006Soppimath KS, Aminabhavi TM, Agnihotri SA, Mallikarjuna NN, Kulkarni PV. Effect of coexcipients on drug release and floating property of nifedipine hollow microspheres: A novel gastro retentive drug delivery system. J Appl Polym Sci. 2006;100(1):486-94.), carvedilol (Zhang et al., 2016Zhang WQ, Chen LB, Zhe AN, Liu GH, Zhang L, Wang YH, et al. Gastroretentive floating microspheres of carvedilol: preparation, in vitro and in vivo characterization. J Biomater Tissue Eng. 2016;6(1):74-78.) |
Capsules |
Nicardipine (Moursy et al., 2003Moursy NM, Afifi NN, Ghorab DM, El-Saharty Y. Formulation and evaluation of sustained release floating capsules of nicardipine hydrochloride. Pharmazie. 2003;58(1):38-43.), lisinopril (Semwal’s, 2014Semwal R, Semwal RB, Semwal DK. A gastroretentive drug delivery system of lisinopril imbibed on isabgol-husk. Curr Drug Deliv. 2014;11(3):371-379.), lercanidipine (Pandey et al., 2013Pandey S, Jirwankar P, Mehta S, Pandit S, Tripathi P, Patil A. Formulation and evaluation of bilayered gastroretentable mucoadhesive patch for stomach-specific drug delivery. Curr Drug Deliv. 2013;10(4):374-383.) |
Granules |
Diltiazem (Shimpi et al., 2004Shimpi S, Chauhan B, Mahadik RK, Paradkar A. Preparation and evaluation of diltiazem hydrochloride-gelucire 43/01 floating granules prepared by melt granulation. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2004;5(3):51-66.) |
Films |
Furosemide (Darandale, Vavia, 2012Darandale SS, Vavia PR. Design of a gastroretentive mucoadhesive dosage form of furosemide for controlled release. Acta Pharm Sinica B. 2012;2(5):509-517.), captopril (Sathish et al., 2013Sathish D, Himabindu S, Kumar PP, Rao YM. Preparation and Evaluation of novel expandable drug delivery system with Captopril. Curr Drug Therapy. 2013;8(3):206-214.; Pathak, Mishra, 2013Pathak A, Mishra A, and Mishra P. Formulation and evaluation of gastroretentive mucoadhesive films of captopril. Pharmacia. 2013;2(1):31-38.) |
Beads |
Diltiazem (Saxena et al., 2016Saxena A, Kitawat S, Gaur K, Singh V. Formulation, development and characterization of floating beads of diltiazem hydrochloride. Int J Drug Deliv Tech. 2016;6:1-6.), furosemide (ElMeshad, El-Ashmoony, 2012ElMeshad AN, El-Ashmoony MM. Floating furosemide gel beads: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. J Drug Deliv Sci Tech. 2012;22(4):317-325.), verapamil (Eldeen, Alsara, Mohizea, 2006Eldeen AB, Alsara IA. AL-Mohizea. Chitosan beads as a new gastroretentive system of verapamil. Sci Pharm. 2006;74:175-188.), captopril (Pawar, Lalitha, Ruckmani, 2015Pawar HA, Lalitha KG, Ruckmani K. Alginate beads of Captopril using galactomannan containing Senna tora gum, guar gum and locust bean gum. Int J Bio Macromol. 2015;76:119-131.) |