Strategic resonance and innovation in public security services in Brazil

Menelau, Sueli; Akutsu, Luiz; Isidro-Filho, Antônio; Fernandes, Antônio Sérgio Araújo

doi:10.1590/1984-9260883

Sueli Menelau

Professor of the Management Nucleus of the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE). Coordinator of the Professional Master´s Degree in Intellectual Property, Technology Transfer for Innovation (ProfNIT) and LabPOP of the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE). PhD in Administration by the the Universidade de Brasília (UnB). Email: suelimenelau@gmail.com. ORCID: 0000-0002-5479-7292

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5479-7292

Luiz Akutsu

Federal Auditor of External Control of the Federal Court Accounts. PhD in Administration by the Universidade de Brasília (UnB). Email: luiz_akutsu@yahoo.com.br. ORCID: 0000-0001-6581-5460

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6581-5460

Antônio Isidro-Filho

Professor of the Postgraduate Program in Administration of the Universidade de Brasília (PPGA/UnB) and Coordinator of LineGov of the Universidade de Brasília (UnB). PhD in Administration by the Universidade de Brasília. Email: antonio.isidro.filho@gmail.com. ORCID: 0000-0003-1174-8586

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1174-8586

Antônio Sérgio Araújo Fernandes

Professor of the Graduate Nucleus of Administration of the Universidade Federal da Bahia (NPGA/UFBA). PhD in Political Science from the Universidade de São Paulo (USP) with Postdoctoral Degree from the University of Texas at Austin at the LBJ School of Public Affairs. Email: antoniosaf@ufba.br. ORCID: 0000-0002-4171-7759

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4171-7759

Professor of the Management Nucleus of the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE). Coordinator of the Professional Master´s Degree in Intellectual Property, Technology Transfer for Innovation (ProfNIT) and LabPOP of the Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE). PhD in Administration by the the Universidade de Brasília (UnB). Email: suelimenelau@gmail.com. ORCID: 0000-0002-5479-7292

Federal Auditor of External Control of the Federal Court Accounts. PhD in Administration by the Universidade de Brasília (UnB). Email: luiz_akutsu@yahoo.com.br. ORCID: 0000-0001-6581-5460

Professor of the Postgraduate Program in Administration of the Universidade de Brasília (PPGA/UnB) and Coordinator of LineGov of the Universidade de Brasília (UnB). PhD in Administration by the Universidade de Brasília. Email: antonio.isidro.filho@gmail.com. ORCID: 0000-0003-1174-8586

Professor of the Graduate Nucleus of Administration of the Universidade Federal da Bahia (NPGA/UFBA). PhD in Political Science from the Universidade de São Paulo (USP) with Postdoctoral Degree from the University of Texas at Austin at the LBJ School of Public Affairs. Email: antoniosaf@ufba.br. ORCID: 0000-0002-4171-7759

Factor	Description	Scope	Item
Provider's technical characteristics	Instruments used (as methods and technologies) to operationalize the process of providing the CP service at the CSSs.	Include knowledge and routines of the CSSs	- The availability of vehicles is compatible with doing my job.
			- The physical structure of my place of work is adequate to perform my activities.
			- The number of police officers in my unit of work is adequate to perform community policing activities.
			- The use of foot patrol policing (POG) contributes towards improving the PMDF service.
			- The PMDF channel of communication allows me to consult and receive information pertinent to my job.
			- The stock of personal protective equipment (bullet-proof vest and arms, among others) is compatible with the number of police officers at my place of work.
			- The consumable materials (office and cleaning materials, among others) provided by the PMDF are sufficient for my place of work to operate.
			- The service support materials (such as cones, radios, transceivers and computers, etc.) provided by the PMDF are sufficient for my unit of work to operate.
Provider's competencies	Procedures to process the knowledge of the police (or PMDF) who provide the CP service at the CSSs, can be acquired through experience, routines and organizational learning		- The daily actions of my work with community policing enable the construction of trust in the community.
			- Social actions (talks and courses, etc.) held by the PMDF for the community provide skills to perform my job.
			- The contributions of my job are related to the improvement of the PMDF service.
			- The information obtained from my work colleagues favor the acquisition of knowledge about my community policing work routine.
			- The training course contributed towards performing my community policing activities.
			- Community policing favors friendliness in relationships between PMDF police.
			- The data obtained from local residents (nearby community) facilitates performing my job.
			- The PMDF manuals and regulations orientate the actions in my community policing routine.
			- The training held at the PMDF contributed towards acquiring new knowledge and skills to perform my community policing activities.
User's technical characteristics	Devices used (as procedures and technologies) to operationalize the process of providing the CP service at the RA/DF of the CSSs	Cover the knowledge and routines of the population served by the CSSs	- The community is organized in social networks to increase security in the region.
			- The presence of community policing reduces the construction of security resources (such as bars and the height of walls etc.) in community housing.
			- The presence of community policing reduces the installation of security resources (such as electric fences and video cameras) in community housing.
			- The presence of community policing reduces the employment of private surveillance services by the community.
User's competencies	The result of CP activities (talks and courses etc.), represent the knowledge and skills acquired by the population or individual assisted		- The social actions performed by the PMDF have developed new security skills in the community.
			- The social actions performed by the PMDF enabled the multiplication of new social actions organized by society.
			- My work activities facilitate the emergence of new behavior to prevent crimes by members of the population.
			- My routine actions enable the construction of the community's trust in the PMDF's work.
Environmental demands	Influences of the external environment (such as the government, supervisory bodies and the media) in decisions related to operationalizing the CSSs	Influence the resonance of the CSS strategy	- Concern with community problems affects the way I perform my job.
			- The activities I perform reflect community desire for public security.
			- High command's decisions on the use of community policing perform reflect community desire for public security.
			- Information disseminated by the media affects high command's strategic decision-making on community policing actions.
			- Information disseminated by the media affects the way I perform my job.
			- CP management practices are performed according to a priori defined rules by high command, independent of community interests.
			- The position of other organizations (Federal District Government (GDF), National Department of Public Safety (SENASP), Department of Public Safety (SSP), the Public Prosecution Service (MP) and the Legislative Power, among others) affects high command's strategic decision-making on community policing actions.
			- The position of the Public Prosecution Service and the Judiciary affect the way I perform my job.
Operational capacity	Internal conditions (equipment, vehicles, furniture and physical structure of the CSSs) for CP operationalization		- The PMDF encourages cooperation between community policing and the different areas of work.
			- Community demands influence the continuity of the CP in a specific location.
			- The police at the CSS have the resources to implement social actions in the community.
			- The police at the CSS take part in the planning process carried out by high command for community policing.
			- The material resources brought by the community influence the operation of the CSS.
Strategic decision-making	Integration between the higher levels of decision-making (General Command and Battalion Commandants) and the CSS managers to formulate strategies to operationalize CP at the stations		- The social actions I have performed reflect high command's decisions on community policing.
			- The information I have transmitted to my superiors favors the modification of routines established by high command.
			- The needs identified in the community policing routine interfere with high command's decisions.
			- PMDF human resources influence the targets established by high command for CSS allocation.
			- PMDF material resources affect the targets established by high command for CSS allocation.

Scale	ISSP				SR
Factors	User’s technical characteristics	User’s competencies	Provider’s technical characteristics	Provider’s competencies	Environmental demands	Operational capacity	Strategic decision-making
Acronym	CTE	CE	CTI	CI	EA	CO	TDE
Items	4	4	8	9	8	5	5
Cronbach’s alpha	0.82	0.75	0.87	0.77	0.80	0.76	0.81

Brasil

Brasil

Strategic resonance and innovation in public security services in Brazil

Ressonância estratégica e inovação em serviço de segurança pública no Brasil

Abstract