Os caminhos da pesquisa científica em administração em busca da relevância perdida

Wood Jr, Thomaz; Souza, Renato José de

doi:10.1590/1984-9260907

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Artigo • Organ. Soc. 26 (90) • Jul-Sep 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-9260907 copiar

Os caminhos da pesquisa científica em administração em busca da relevância perdida

The paths of management scientific research in search of the lost relevance

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

A discussão da relevância social da pesquisa em administração tem sido tema de diversos artigos científicos. Este estudo tem como objetivo contribuir para o entendimento da evolução dessa corrente reflexiva, fornecendo um mapa com a trajetória histórica da discussão no âmbito internacional, buscando fomentar o debate no Brasil. Para isso, realizamos uma análise de rede de citação sobre uma base de 780 artigos. Identificamos os maiores citadores, os mais citados e o caminho principal, o qual revelou a trajetória do tema da relevância social da pesquisa em administração desde a década de 1960. Observamos que as distintas lógicas e perspectivas presentes na discussão resultaram em uma pluralidade de abordagens e posições. Concluímos que o campo ainda se encontra em evolução, porém os debates já indicam caminhos e soluções que podem ser incorporados às práticas de pesquisa das escolas de administração. Com base nos achados da pesquisa, nós advogamos uma orientação prática para a pesquisa brasileira: o direcionamento de esforços para a realização de pesquisas orientadas para a relevância, mantendo, entretanto, a busca do rigor científico.

Palavras-chave:
Pesquisa em Administração; Relevância Social; Rigor Científico; Impacto Social; Rede de Citação; Bibliometria

Período	Número de Artigos
1876-1949	19 (2%)
1950-1959	8 (1%)
1960-1969	36 (5%)
1970-1979	56 (7%)
1980-1989	100 (13%)
1990-1999	207 (27%)
2000-2009	278 (36%)
2010-2015	76 (9%)
Total	780 (100%)

Citadores	Número de citados
Kieser, Nicolai e Seidl (2015Kieser, A.; Nicolai, A.; Seidl, D. The practical relevance of management research: turning the debate on relevance into a rigorous scientific research program. The Academy of Management Annals, v. 9, n. 1, p. 143-233, 2015.)	126
Bartunek e Rynes (2014Bartunek, J.; Rynes, S. Academics and practitioners are alike and unlike: The paradoxes of academic-practitioner relationships. Journal of Management, v. 40, n. 5, p. 1181-1201, 2014.)	55
Bullinger, Kieser e Schiller-Merkens (2015Kieser, A.; Nicolai, A.; Seidl, D. The practical relevance of management research: turning the debate on relevance into a rigorous scientific research program. The Academy of Management Annals, v. 9, n. 1, p. 143-233, 2015.)	38
Hodgkinson e Starkey (2011Hodgkinson, G.; Starkey, K. Not simply returning to the same answer over and over again: Reframing relevance. British Journal of Management , v. 22, p. 355-369, 2011.)	39
Chi Vo, Monoud e Rose (2012Chi Vo, L.; Monoud, E.; Rose, J. Dealing with the opposition of rigor and relevance from Dewey’s pragmatist perspective. Management, v. 15, n. 4, p. 367-390, 2012.)	34
Nicolai, Schulz e Gobel (2011Nicolai, A.; Schulz, A.; Gobel, M. Between sweet harmony and a clash of cultures: Does a joint academic-practitioner review reconcile rigor and relevance? The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, v. 47, n. 1, p. 53-75, 2011.)	32
Nicolai e Seidl (2010Nicolai, A.; Seidl, D. That’s relevant! Different forms of practical relevance in management science. Organization Studies, v. 31, n. 9-10, p. 1257-1285, 2010.)	32
Wolf (2012Wolf, J. How individual scholars can reduce the rigor-relevance gap in management research. German Academic Association for Business Research (VHB), v. 5, n. 2, p. 178-196, 2012.)	31
Kieser e Leiner (2012Kieser, A.; Leiner, L. Collaborate with practitioners: But beware of collaborative research. Journal of Management Inquiry, v. 21, n. 1, p. 14-28, 2012.)	31
Rasche e Behnam (2009Rache, A.; Behnam, M. As if it were relevant: A systems theoretical perspective on the relation between science and practice. Journal of Management Inquiry, v. 18, n. 3, p. 243-255, 2009.)	30
Hessels e Van Lente (2008Hessels, L.; Van Lente, H. Re-thinking new knowledge production: A literature review and a research agenda. Research Policy , v. 37, p. 740-760, 2008.)	29
Van Aken (2005Van Aken, J. Management research as a design science: Articulating the research products of mode 2 knowledge production in management. British Journal of Management , v. 16, p. 19-36, 2005.)	29
Hughes, Bence e Grisoni (2011Hughes, T.; Bence, D.; Grisoni, L. Scholarship that matters: academic-practitioner engagement in business and management. Academy of Management Learning & Education , v. 10, n. 1, p. 40-57, 2011.)	29
Flickinger, Tuschke e Gruber-Muecke (2014Flickinger, M.; Tuschke, A.; Gruber-Muecke, T. In search of rigor, relevance, and legitimacy: what drives the impact of publications? Journal of Business Economics, v. 84, p. 99-128, 2014.)	28
Kieser e Leiner (2009Kieser, A.; Leiner, L. Why the rigour-relevance gap in management research is unbridgeable. Journal of Management Studies, v. 46, n. 3, p. 516-533, 2009.)	27

Citados	Número de citadores	Foco Principal
Hambrick (1994Hambrick, D. What if the academy actually mattered? Academy of Management Review, v. 19, n. 1, p. 11-16, 1994.)	63	Papel dos periódicos científicos
Starkey e Madan (2001Starkey, K.; Madan, P. Bridging the relevance gap: Aligning stakeholders in the future of management research. British Journal of Management , v. 12, p. S3-S26, 2001.)	56	Modo 1/Modo 2
Tranfield e Starkey (1998Tranfield, D.; Starkey, K. The nature, social organization and promotion of management research: Towards policy. British Journal of Management , v. 9, p. 341-353, 1998.)	53	Modo 1/Modo 2 e natureza do conhecimento em administração
Rynes, Bartunek e Daft (2001Rynes, S.; Bartunek, J.; Daft, R. Across the great divide: Knowledge creation and transfer between practitioners and academics. Academy of Management Journal , v. 44, n. 2, p. 340-355, 2001.)	47	Relação pesquisador-praticante
Pfeffer e Fong (2002Pfeffer, J.; Fong, C. The end of business schools? Less success than meets the eye. Academy of Management Learning & Education , v. 1, n. 1, p. 78-95, 2002.)	45	Escolas de administração
Bennis e O’Toole (2005Bennis, W.; O’Toole, J. How business schools lost their way. Harvard Business Review, v. 1, p. 96-104, 2005.)	44	Escolas de administração
Ghoshal (2005Ghoshal, S. Bad management theories are destroying good management practices. Academy of Management Learning & Education, v. 4, p. 75-91, 2005.)	43	Escolas de administração
Van de Ven e Johnson (2006Van de Ven, A.; Johnson, P. Knowledge for theory and practice. Academy of Management Review , v. 31, n. 4, p. 802-821, 2006.)	38	Relação entre teoria e prática em administração
Huff (2000Huff, A. Changes in organizational knowledge production. Academy of Management Review, v. 25, n. 2, p. 288-293, 2000.)	35	Modo 1/Modo 2 e escolas de administração
Beyer e Trice (1982Beyer, J.; Trice, H. The utilization process: A conceptual framework and synthesis for empirical findings. Administrative Science Quarterly, v. 27, p. 591-622, 1982.)	31	Uso da pesquisa em administração
Kieser e Leiner (2009Kieser, A.; Leiner, L. Why the rigour-relevance gap in management research is unbridgeable. Journal of Management Studies, v. 46, n. 3, p. 516-533, 2009.)	31	Relação entre teoria e prática em administração
Grey (2001Grey, C. Re-imagining relevance: A response to Starkey and Madan. British Journal of Management , v. 12, p. S27-S32, 2001.)	30	Modo 1/Modo 2
Shapiro, Kirkman e Courtney (2007Shapiro, D.; Kirkman, B.; Courtney, H. Perceived causes and solutions to the translation problem in management research. Academy of Management Journal , v. 50. n. 2, p. 249-266, 2007.)	29	Relação entre teoria e prática em administração
Pettigrew (2001Pettigrew, A. Management research after modernism. British Journal of Management , v. 12, p. S61-S70, 2001.)	28	Modo 1/Modo 2
Hodgkinson, Herriot e Anderson (2001Hodgkinson, G.; Herriot, P.; Anderson, N. Re-aligning the stakeholders in management research: Lessons from industrial, work and organizational psychology. British Journal of Management , v. 12, p. S41-S48, 2001.)	28	Modo 1/Modo 2

Autor	Foco Principal
Haire (1964Haire, M. The social sciences and management practices. California Management Review, v. 6, n. 4, p. 3-10, 1964.)	Distância entre pesquisa e prática gerencial
Reagan (1967)Reagan, M. Basic and applied research: A meaningful distinction? Science, v. 155, p. 1383-1386, 1967.	Pesquisa básica versus pesquisa aplicada
Hilgert (1972Hilgert, R. Business schools fail to communicate with managers: Some proposals for bridging the gap. Business Horizons, v. 15, n. 6, p. 59-63, 1972.)	Papel das escolas de administração
Duncan (1974Duncan, W. Transferring management theory to practice. Academy of Management Journal , v. 17, n. 4, p. 724-738, 1974.)	Distância entre pesquisa e prática gerencial
Van de Vall, Bolas e Kang (1976Van de Vall, M.; Bolas, C.; Kang, T. Applied social research in industrial organizations: an evaluation of functions, theory, and methods. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science , v. 12, p. 158-177, 1976.)	Distância entre pesquisa e prática gerencial
Susman e Evered (1978Susman, G.; Evered, R. An assessment of the scientific merits of action research. Administrative Science Quarterly , v. 23, n. 4, p. 582-603, 1978.)	Pesquisa-ação e intervenção organizacional
Waters, Salipante e Notz (1978Waters, J.; Salipante, P.; Notz, W. The experimenting organization: using the results of behavioral science research. Academy of Management Review, v. 3, p. 483-492, 1978.)	Distância entre pesquisa e prática gerencial
Beyer e Trice (1982Beyer, J.; Trice, H. The utilization process: A conceptual framework and synthesis for empirical findings. Administrative Science Quarterly, v. 27, p. 591-622, 1982.)	Uso da pesquisa em administração
Thomas e Tymon (1982Thomas, K.; Tymon, W. Necessary properties of relevant research: Lessons from recent criticisms of the organizational science. Academy of Management Review , v. 7, n. 3, p. 345-352, 1982.)	Relevância da pesquisa em administração
Daft e Lewin (1990Daft, R.; Lewin, A. Can organizational studies begin to break out of the normal science straitjacket? An editorial essay. Organization Science , v. 1, n. 1, p. 1-9, 1990.)	Relevância da pesquisa em administração
Berry (1995Berry, M. Research and practice of management: A French view. Organization Science, v. 6, p. 104-116, 1995.)	Relação entre teoria e prática em administração
Tranfield e Starkey (1998Tranfield, D.; Starkey, K. The nature, social organization and promotion of management research: Towards policy. British Journal of Management , v. 9, p. 341-353, 1998.)	Modo 1/Modo 2 e natureza do conhecimento em administração
Huff (2000Huff, A. Changes in organizational knowledge production. Academy of Management Review, v. 25, n. 2, p. 288-293, 2000.)	Modo 1/Modo 2 e escolas de administração
Starkey e Madan (2001Starkey, K.; Madan, P. Bridging the relevance gap: Aligning stakeholders in the future of management research. British Journal of Management , v. 12, p. S3-S26, 2001.)	Modo 1/Modo 2
Weick (2001Weick, K. Gapping the relevance bridge: Fashions meet fundamentals in management research. British Journal of Management , v. 12, p. S71-S75, 2001.)	Modo 1/Modo 2
Aram e Salipante (2003Aram, J.; Salipante, P. Bridging scholarship in management: Epistemological reflections. British Journal of Management, v. 14, p. 189-205, 2003.)	Relação entre teoria e prática em administração
Van de Ven e Johnson (2006Van de Ven, A.; Johnson, P. Knowledge for theory and practice. Academy of Management Review , v. 31, n. 4, p. 802-821, 2006.)	Relação entre teoria e prática em administração
McKelvey (2006McKelvey, B. Response: Van de Ven and Johnson’s “Engaged Scholarship”: nice try, but… Academy of Management Review, v. 31, n. 4, p. 822-829, 2006.)	Relação entre teoria e prática em administração
Shapiro, Kirkman e Courtney (2007Shapiro, D.; Kirkman, B.; Courtney, H. Perceived causes and solutions to the translation problem in management research. Academy of Management Journal , v. 50. n. 2, p. 249-266, 2007.)	Relação entre teoria e prática em administração
Tushman e O’Reilly (2007Tushman, M.; O’Reilly, C. Research and relevance: implications of Pasteur’s quadrant for doctoral programs and faculty development. Academy of Management Journal , v. 50, n. 4, p. 769-774, 2007.)	Relevância da pesquisa em administração
Vermeulen (2007Vermeulen, F. I shall not remain insignificant: Adding a second loop to matter more. Academy of Management Journal , v. 50, n. 4, p. 754-761, 2007.)	Relevância da pesquisa em administração
Rynes, Giluk e Brown (2007Rynes, S.; Giluk, T.; Brown, K. The very separate world of academic and practitioner periodicals in human resource management: Implications for evidence-based management. Academy of Management Journal , v. 50, n. 5, p. 987-1008, 2007.)	Relação pesquisador-praticante
Cohen (2007Cohen, D. The very separate worlds of academic and practitioner publications in human resource management: Reasons for the divide and concrete solutions for bridging the gap. Academy of Management Journal, v. 50, n. 5, p. 1013-1019, 2007.)	Relação pesquisador-praticante
Hodgkinson e Rousseau (2009)Hodgkinson, G.; Rousseau, D. Bridging the rigour-relevance gap in management research: It’s already happening! Journal of Management Studies, v. 46, n. 3, p. 534-546, 2009.	Rigor e Relevância da pesquisa
Fincham e Clark (2009Fincham, R.; Clark, T. Can we bridge the rigour-relevance gap? Journal of Management Studies, v. 46, n. 3, p. 510-515, 2009.)	Rigor e Relevância da pesquisa
Kieser e Leiner (2011Kieser, A.; Leiner, L. On the social construction of relevance: A rejoinder. Journal of Management Studies, v. 48, n. 4, p. 891-898, 2011.)	Rigor e Relevância da pesquisa
Hodgkinson e Starkey (2011)Hodgkinson, G.; Starkey, K. Not simply returning to the same answer over and over again: Reframing relevance. British Journal of Management , v. 22, p. 355-369, 2011.	Modo 1/Modo 2 e rigor vs. relevância da pesquisa
Willmott (2012Willmott, H. Reframing relevance as “social usefulness”: a comment on Hodgkinson and Starkey’s “Not simply returning to the same answer over and over again”. British Journal of Management , v. 23, p. 598-604, 2012.)	Modo 1/Modo 2 e rigor vs. relevância da pesquisa
Hodgkinson e Starkey (2012)Hodgkinson, G.; Starkey, K. Extending the foundations and reach of design science: further reflections on the role of critical realism. British Journal of Management , v. 23, p. 605-610, 2012.	Rigor e Relevância da pesquisa
Kieser, Nicolai e Seidl (2015Kieser, A.; Nicolai, A.; Seidl, D. The practical relevance of management research: turning the debate on relevance into a rigorous scientific research program. The Academy of Management Annals, v. 9, n. 1, p. 143-233, 2015.)	Rigor e Relevância da pesquisa
Bullinger, Keiser e Schiller-Merkens (2015Bullinger, B.; Kieser, A.; Schiller-Merkens, S. Coping with institutional complexity: responses of management scholars to competing logics in the field of management studies. Scandinavian Journal of Management , v. 31, n. 3, p. 437-450, 2015.)	Rigor e Relevância da pesquisa

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