Quality of <i>Eucalyptus</i> Wood Grown in Rio de Janeiro State for Bioenergy

Dias Júnior, Ananias Francisco; Costa Júnior, Djailson Silva da; Andrade, Azarias Machado de; Oliveira, Elisabeth de; Lana, Artur Queiroz; Brito, José Otávio

doi:10.1590/2179-8087.140315

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Original Articles • Floresta Ambient. 23 (3) • Jul-Sep 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.140315 copy

Quality of Eucalyptus Wood Grown in Rio de Janeiro State for Bioenergy

Qualidade da Madeira de Eucalyptus Cultivada no Estado do Rio de Janeiro para Bioenergia

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to evaluate the Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus saligna, from production areas of Rio de Janeiro State, intended for energy use. The selection consisted of six trees per specie, at six years old. The wood samples had its basic density determined, then, was subjected to the pyrolysis process with 500 °C of final temperature. Charcoal, pyroligneous liquid and non-condensable gases yields were determined. In addition, the charcoal had its immediate analysis performed to determine the levels of volatiles matter, fixed carbon and ash content. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and principal component analysis. The correlation analysis and principal component analysis were effective to predict recommended species. Based on the results, the most recommended specie for energy purposes was the Eucalyptus grandis.

Keywords:
forest biomass; wood for energy; charcoal

Specie	GY	PL	NG	VM	AC	FC	FCY
Eucalyptus grandis	23.45^b	45.42^a	31.13^ns	5.83^b	2.50^ns	91.67^a	28.57^ns
Standard error	±0.35	±0.80	±0.46	±0.83	±1.12	±1.67	±0.86
Eucalyptus saligna	25.71^a	42.28^b	32.02^ns	13.33^a	1.67^ns	85.00^b	27.21^ns
Standard error	±0.14	±0.76	±0.77	±1.67	±1.05	±1.83	±0.89

Variable	D	AD	PL	GY	NG	VM	AC	FC	HHV
D	1
AD	0.24	1
PL	0.25	–0.23	1
GY	–0.15	0.12	–0.82^* * Significant values at 95% probability.	1
NG	–0.27	0.25	–0.87^* * Significant values at 95% probability.	0.44	1
VM	–0.12	–0.06	–0.41	0.67*	0.07	1
AC	0.26	–0.60^* * Significant values at 95% probability.	0.22	–0.29	–0.10	–0.10	1
FC	–0.01	0.35	0.27	–0.48	–0.02	–0.88^* * Significant values at 95% probability.	–0.38	1
HHV	–0.01	0.35	0.27	–0.48	–0.02	–0.87^* * Significant values at 95% probability.	–0.39	0.98^* * Significant values at 95% probability.	1
FCY	–0.18	0.44	–0.34	–0.11	0.62^* * Significant values at 95% probability.	–0.64^* * Significant values at 95% probability.	–0.37	0.77^* * Significant values at 95% probability.	0.77^* * Significant values at 95% probability.

Variable	Component 1	Component 2
D - wood basic density	–0.021	0.405
AD - charcoal apparent density	0.228	0.351
LP - yield of pyroligneous liquor	–0.332	–0.343
GY - charcoal gravimetric yield	0.163	0.503
NG - yield of non-condensable gases	0.345	0.283
VM - charcoal volatile matter	–0.341	0.249
AC - charcoal ash content	–0.275	0.071
FC - charcoal fixed carbon content	0.392	–0.309
HHV - charcoal higher heating value	0.392	–0.309
FCY - charcoal fixed carbon yield	0.435	–0.041
Explained variance (%)	48.07	20.49
Cumulative variance explained (%)	48.07	68.56
Eigenvalues	4.80	2.04

Instituto de Florestas da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Rodovia BR 465 Km 7, CEP 23897-000, Tel.: (21) 2682 0558 | (21) 3787-4033 - Seropédica - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: floram@ufrrj.br

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[1] Ananias Francisco Dias Júnior Programa de Pós-graduação em Recursos Florestais, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz” – ESALQ, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, São Dimas, CEP 13416-350, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil e-mail: ananiasjr@usp.br