Soil Influences on Tree Species Distribution in a Rupestrian Cerrado Area

Dantas, Daniel; Souza, Maria José; Vieira, Arthur; Oliveira, Marcio; Pereira, Israel; Machado, Evandro; Souza, Claudio Marcio; Rocha, Wellington

doi:10.1590/2179-8087.060517

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Original Article, Silviculture • Floresta Ambient. 25 (4) • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.060517 copy

Soil Influences on Tree Species Distribution in a Rupestrian Cerrado Area

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to analyze relations between the distribution of tree species and variations in soil texture, fertility and organic matter levels in a rupestrian cerrado area located in Diamantina-MG. Individual trees with circumference at soil level (PC) ≥ 3 cm were sampled in 10 plots of 20x50m. Samples of surface soil (0.00-0.20 m of depth) were collected from each plot and analyzed for their chemical and physical properties. Through canonical correspondence analysis, Eremanthus incanus, Kielmeyera lathrophyton, Terminalia sp and Vochysia discolor show a stronger relation to higher potassium and remaining phosphorus levels; the species Xylopia sericea, Protium spruceanum and Protium heptaphyllum show a stronger relation to higher levels of organic matter and total cation exchange capacity; the species Roupala montana, Qualea grandiflora, and Erythroxylum suberosum grew uniformly in all plots. There is relation between species distribution and chemical and physical soil variables in the area.

Keywords:
chemical and physical soil characteristics; organic matter; canonical correspondence analysis; Serra do Espinhaço

Species	Families	NI	DA	DR%	UP	FA%	FR%
Eremanthus incanus	Asteraceae	147	1470	10.37	10	100	3.58
Kielmeyera lathrophyton	Clusiaceae	96	960	6.77	10	100	3.58
Xylopia sericea	Annonaceae	80	800	5.65	4	40	1.43
Terminalia sp	Combretaceae	76	760	5.36	9	90	3.23
Protium spruceanum	Burseraceae	75	750	5.29	3	30	1.08
Protium heptaphyllum	Burseraceae	70	700	4.94	4	40	2.15
Roupala montana	Proteaceae	69	690	4.87	9	90	3.23
Qualea grandiflora	Vochysiaceae	56	560	3.95	9	90	3.23
Erythroxylum suberosum	Erythroxylaceae	48	480	3.39	9	90	3.23
Vochysia discolor	Vochysiaceae	45	450	3.18	7	70	2.51
Myrcia guianensis	Myrtaceae	38	380	2.68	8	80	2.87
Roupala sp.	Proteaceae	36	360	2.54	4	40	1.43
Plenckia populnea	Celastraceae	32	320	2.26	8	80	2.87
Bowdichia virgilioides	Fabaceae Faboideae	31	310	2.19	7	70	2.51
Tapirira guianensis	Anacardiaceae	31	310	2.19	4	40	1.43
Guapira noxia	Nyctaginaceae	30	300	2.12	7	70	2.51
Styrax oblongus	Styracaceae	30	300	2.12	2	20	0.72
Dalbergia miscolobium	Fabaceae Faboideae	28	280	1.98	8	80	2.87
Platymiscium sp.	Fabaceae Faboideae	28	280	1.98	6	60	2.15
Piptocarpha rotundifolia	Asteraceae	27	270	1.91	3	30	1.08
Xylopia aromatica	Annonaceae	23	230	1.62	2	20	0.72
Clusia criuva	Clusiaceae	21	210	1.48	5	50	1.79
Copaifera langsdorffii	Fabaceae Caesalpinioideae	21	210	1.48	5	50	1.79
Pera sp.	Peraceae	18	180	1.27	4	40	1.43
Styrax camporum	Styracaceae	15	150	1.06	5	50	1.79
Calophyllum brasiliense	Clusiaceae	15	150	1.06	3	30	1.08
Other species	-	231	2310	16.30	-	-	43.73
Total	-	1417	14170	100	-	-	100.00

Pedological Variables pedológicas	Axis 1	Axis 2	Axis 3
P-rem	-0.8373	-0.029	-0.2697
MO	0.8081	0.0622	0.2146
T	0.7627	-0.0676	0.4216
V	-0.6734	0.4365	0.1327
m	0.433	-0.5947	-0.1254
k	-0.3692	0.3836	0.5814
Mg	0.3494	0.7263	0.4099
SB	-0.1546	0.5292	0.4841

Plot	pH	P	K	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Al³⁺	H+Al	SB	(t)	(T)	V	M	MO	Prem	Zn	Fe	Cu	SandG.	SandF.	Silt	Clay
Plot	H₂O	mg dm^-3		Ca²⁺	cmol_cdm^-3						%		dagkg^-1	mgL^-1	mg dm^-3			g kg^-1
1	4.5	1.6	30	0.0	0.05	1.10	6.1	0.13	1.23	1.23	2.1	89.4	2.56	40.2	3.17	116	0.09	330	530	40	100
2	4.3	1.6	41	0.0	0.06	1.30	4.9	0.16	1.46	1.46	3.2	89.0	2.56	38.2	2.08	88.9	0.12	240	600	30	130
3	4.6	1.6	93	0.0	0.09	1.40	6.6	0.33	1.73	1.73	4.8	80.9	2.81	38.9	3.42	74.2	0.01	270	560	40	130
4	4.5	1.7	41	0.0	0.06	1.40	5.9	0.16	1.56	6.06	2.6	89.7	2.43	38.2	1.38	102.7	0.00	260	610	00	130
5	4.3	2.3	44	0.0	0.08	1.60	7.1	0.19	1.79	7.29	2.6	89.4	3.20	32.3	1.07	87.4	0.02	310	520	70	100
6	4.5	2.5	48	0.0	0.06	2.40	12.2	0.18	2.58	12.4	1.5	93.0	6.08	25.4	1.13	81.7	0.24	270	540	20	170
7	4.5	1.8	37.5	0.0	0.06	1.95	8.9	0.16	2.11	9.06	1.7	92.5	4.42	30.5	1.29	104.5	0.05	230	600	45	120
8	4.8	2.3	29	0.0	0.06	1.35	7.85	0.13	1.48	7.98	1.65	91.4	4.67	29.3	1.60	116.2	0.00	260	570	55	110
9	4.6	2.5	26	0.0	0.07	2.15	12.6	0.14	2.29	12.7	1.15	93.5	6.31	23.3	1.52	96.4	0.00	220	510	155	110
10	4.6	1.8	56.5	0.0	0.11	2.25	15.2	0.26	2.51	15.5	1.9	88.3	8.96	15.5	1.44	329.6	0.05	200	550	70	180

Instituto de Florestas da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Rodovia BR 465 Km 7, CEP 23897-000, Tel.: (21) 2682 0558 | (21) 3787-4033 - Seropédica - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: floram@ufrrj.br

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[1] *Daniel DantasDepartamento de Ciências Florestais, Universidade Federal de Lavras -UFLA, Campus Universitário, CP 3037, CEP 37200-000, Lavras, MG, Brasil e-mail: dantasdaniel12@yahoo.com.br