Granulated and Biosolid Fertilizers on the Quality of <i>Schinus terebinthifolius</i> Raddi Seedlings

Silva, Francisca Alcivania Melo; Nunes, Giovana Margueri; Zanon, Jair Augusto; Bôas, Roberto Lyra Villas; Silva, Reginaldo Barboza

doi:10.1590/2179-8087.110417

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Original Article, Silviculture • Floresta Ambient. 26 (3) • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.110417 copy

Granulated and Biosolid Fertilizers on the Quality of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi Seedlings

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The objectives of this study were to evaluate substrates produced from the peach-palm agroindustry waste and sewage sludge as a source of nutrients for the production of Brazilian Peppertree seedlings (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi), and to compare the performance of these substrates under various levels of slow release fertilizer for this species. Four levels of fertilizer were tested (0, 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 g dm^–3) in three types of substrates: BIOCPI = Sewage sludge + Peach-palm bark (1:1 v:v); BIOCPII = Sewage sludge + Peach-palm bark (1:2 v:v) and BIOCPIII = Sewage sludge + Peach-palm bark (1:3 v:v). Plant height, stem diameter, dry matter (shoot and root), height/diameter ratio, Dickson quality index and N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S contents in the shoot were measured. The use of the substrates BIOCPII and BIOCPIII proved to be viable for the production of Brazilian Peppertree seedlings. Doses above 4.0 gdm^–3 of granular fertilizer are recommended for better results.

Keywords:
macronutrients; nurseries; sewage sludge; substrate; Brazilian Peppertree

Determinations	BIOCPI	BIOCPII	BIOCPIII	Maximus Limits ^ Maximus limits CONAMA nº 375/2006 (Brasil, 2006).
pH	5.8	6.0	6.1	-
CE	1.0	1.0	1.2	-
Relation C/N	11/1	10/1	11/1	-
N (%)	1.16	1.25	1.33	-
P (%)	1.01	1.01	0.9	-
K (%)	0.24	0.34	0.58	-
Ca (%)	0.75	0.84	0.51	-
Mg (%)	0.75	0.84	0.52	-
S (%)	0.19	0.2	0.26	-
CTC (mmol_ckg^-1)	405	430	480	-
Na (mg kg^-1)	285	280	307	-
Cu (mg kg^-1)	31	34	31	-
Fe (mg kg^-1)	61275	63560	57568	-
Mn (mg kg^-1)	2166	2324	1799	-
Zn (mg kg^-1)	164	134	118	-
Ar (mg kg^-1)	12.6	13.4	9.6	41
Cd (mg kg^-1)	15.19	13.25	ND	39
Pb (mg kg^-1)	16.05	12.65	12.7	300
Cr (mg kg^-1)	16.5	12.6	12.3	-
Hg (mg kg^-1)	0.22	0.24	0.12	17
Ni (mg kg^-1)	ND	ND	ND	420
Sel (mg kg^-1)	ND	ND	ND	100

Substrate	Macroporosity	Microporosity	Total Porosity	WRC	Density	Particle density
Substrate	(%)	(%)	(%)	mL 50cm^-3	g cm^-3	g cm^-3
BIOCP I	22.5	46.7	69.2	51.4	0.2	1.8
BIOCP II	26.9	43.4	70.3	47.7	0.2	1.7
BIOCP III	25.8	46.6	72.5	51.3	0.2	1.7

Fertiliz. (g.L^-1)	BIOCP I	BIOCP II			BIOCP I	BIOC II	BIOCPIII	BIOCP I	BIOCP II			BIOCP III
Fertiliz. (g.L^-1)	H (cm)				D(mm)			H/D
0	32.8	30.7		31.6	3.7	3.7	3.4	8.9	8.3			7.8
2	36.1	39.7		37.8	3.4	4.2	4.0	10.5	9.6			9.8
4	40.1	41.9		42.8	3.8	4.4	4.2	10.6	9.8			10.2
6	36.8	40.8		46.0	4.5	4.1	4.1	8.2		10.2			11.4
Average	36.4B		38.2A	39.4A	3.8	4.1	3.9	9.5			9.2		9.8
VC%	6.8				10.6			12.3
	^* * significant at 5% probability level. VC= Variation Coefficient.				Ns			Ns

Fertilizer (g.L^–1)		BIOCP I	BIOCP II			BIOCP I		BIOC II		BIOCP III	BIOCP I	BIOCP II	BIOCP III
Fertilizer (g.L^–1)		MSPA (g)						MSR(g)			IQD
0	1.29		1.35	1.40		1.39		1.50		1.36	0.27	0.31	0.26
2	1.31		2.01	2.12		1.17		1.47		1.44	0.21	0.32	0.31
4	1.78		2.20	2.15		1.24		1.58		1.60	0.25	0.33	0.31
6	2.41		2.12	2.32		1.96		1.62		1.91	0.47	0.34	0.34
Average	1,69B		1.92A		1.99A		1.44B		1.54A	1.57A	0.30	0.32	0.30
VC%	17.3					20.6					21.7
	^* * significant at 5% probability level.					*					Ns

Fertilizer (g.dm^–3)	BIOCP I	BIOCP II	BIOCP III	BIOCP I	BIOCP II	BIOCPIII		BIOCP I	BIOCP II	BIOCP III
	N				P			K
	------------------------------------- (g.kg ^-1) -------------------------------------
0	11.2	9.5	11.8	1.7	1.6	1.8		18.0	16.8	18.5
2	11.0	12.3	10.3	1.7	1.7	1.7		18.6	17.5	16.4
4	12.5	13.5	9.1	1.4	1.5	1.9		15.9	17.8	18.0
6	13.6	13.4	17.9	1.4	1.6	1.9		16.5	18.2	19.7
Average	12.0	12.1	12.2	1.5	1.6		1.8	17.2	17.5	18.1
VC (%)	16.0			11.2				18.3
	Ns			Ns				Ns

Fertilizer (g.dm^–3)		BIOCP I				BIOCP I		BIOC II	BIOCP III	BIOCP I		BIOCP II	BIOCP III
		Ca						Mg		S
		------------------------------------- (g.kg^-1) -------------------------------------
0		9.7		9.2	8.6	2.0		2.2	2.2	1.8		1.8	2.0
2		9.9		8.7	8.8	2.2		2.1	2.1	1.8		1.8	1.9
4		8.7		8.3	8.1	2.2		2.1	2.1	1.9		1.9	1.9
6		8.4		10.1	9.6	2.0		2.6	2.4	1.9		1.9	2.0
Average		9.1		9.0	8.7	2.1		2.2	2.2	1.8		1.8	1.9
VC (%)			17.7				7.9				8.1
	Ns						Ns				Ns

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[1] Francisca Alcivania Melo SilvaUniversidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” – UNESP, Av. Nelson Brihi Badur, CEP 11900-000, Registro, SP, Brasil e-mail: alcivania@registro.unesp.br