Dendrometric Analysis of Early Development of <i>Eucalyptus urophylla</i> x <i>Eucalyptus grandis</i> with Gypsum use Under Subtropical Conditions

Ferreira, Carla Fernanda; Bassaco, Marcos Vinicius Martins; Pereira, Milena; Pauletti, Volnei; Prior, Stephen Arthur; Motta, Antonio Carlos Vargas

doi:10.1590/2179-8087.009519

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Original Article, Silviculture • Floresta Ambient. 27 (1) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.009519 copy

Dendrometric Analysis of Early Development of Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis with Gypsum use Under Subtropical Conditions

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Gypsum can be used as a source for calcium (Ca) and sulphurum (S) for plants, as well as an acid, that is, a natural soil conditioner. Aiming to determine the influence of gypsum on the development of Eucalyptus urograndis in Brazil, an experiment was conducted at two locations in Paraná State. Experiments were conducted with rates of 0, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, 2.4, 4.8 and 9.6 Mg ha^-1 to verify the method of broadcast planting in a randomized block design with four repetitions. Diameter and height of plants were measured every six months and volume was determined after 36 months. There was a difference in Eucalyptus growth between the two areas, possibly related to differences in planting season and climate. Gypsum did not influence on the dendrometric growth of Eucalyptus trees. The lack of a response to gypsum, as a source of Ca, S and soil conditioner, was discussed based on soil type, Eucalyptus tolerance to soil acidity, and climatic conditions in the period evaluated.

Keywords:
soil conditioner; Eucalyptus forest; dystrophic oxisol

Depth	pH¹ CaCl₂	pH² _SMP	Al³⁺	H+Al*	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	K⁺	BS³	CEC⁴ _{pH 7.0}	P	C_org	V⁵	m⁶
m			------------------------- cmol_c dm^-3------------------							mg dm^-3	g dm^-3	----- % -----
Jaguariaíva
0.00 - 0.20	3.9	5.7	1.5	6.4	0.2	0.2	0.02	0.42	6.82	1.0	23.6	6.15	78.12
0.20 - 0.40	3.8	5.9	1.2	2.2	0.1	0.1	0.02	0.22	2.42	0.7	16.1	9.09	84.50
0.40 - 0.60	4.0	6.1	1.0	4.6	0.1	0.1	0.01	0.21	4.81	0.6	17.4	4.36	82.64
Ventania
0.00 - 0.20	4.3	6.2	1.5	4.3	0.1	0.1	0.03	0.23	4.53	2.2	21.0	5.08	86.71
0.20 - 0.40	4.5	6.7	1.1	3.0	0.1	0.1	0.03	0.23	3.23	1.6	11.0	7.12	82.70
0.40 - 0.60	4.4	6.8	1.2	2.7	0.1	0.1	0.03	0.23	2.93	0.4	7.3	7.84	83.91

Gypsum	Age (months)
Rate	3	6	9	12	24	30	36
Mg ha^-1	---------------------------------- m ----------------------------------
(a)
0	0.81	2.49	4.17	5.79	11.97	14.95	16.95
0.3	0.86	2.62	4.72	5.87	12.40	14.59	17.58
0.6	0.82	2.47	4.20	5.71	12.73	15.29	18.40
1.2	0.86	2.66	4.14	5.98	12.32	14.72	17.58
2.4	0.92	2.73	4.38	5.87	12.73	13.93	17.98
4.8	0.92	2.78	4.46	5.94	12.91	14.83	16.40
9.6	0.84	2.55	4.34	5.72	12.50	15.26	17.24
C.V. (%)¹	10.11^n.s.	7.62 ^n.s.	7.28 ^n.s.	2.82 ^n.s.	6.06 ^n.s.	6.04 ^n.s.	6.13 ^n.s.
(b)
0	0.62	3.44	6.02	7.63	13.16	14.91	19.38
0.3	0.64	3.44	6.04	7.26	13.27	15.73	18.12
0.6	0.55	3.46	6.18	7.38	13.33	15.27	18.80
1.2	0.58	3.68	6.01	7.08	12.68	15.48	18.98
2.4	0.59	3.43	6.16	7.81	12.58	16.24	19.54
4.8	0.58	3.40	6.06	7.58	14.11	16.69	18.22
9.6	0.55	3.42	5.85	7.60	13.52	15.81	19.03
C.V. (%)*	7.62 ^n.s.	6.24 ^n.s.	3.95 ^n.s.	4.05 ^n.s.	5.49 ^n.s.	5.39 ^ * C.V = coefficient of variation; ** significant at the 5% probability level, regression test; n.s indicates not significant. 1 represents linear regression equations, respectively. ¹	3.87 ^n.s.

Gypsum				Age (months)
Rate	3	6	9	12	24	30	36
Mg ha^-1	---------------------------------- cm ----------------------------------
(a)	DTB	DTB	DBH	DBH	DBH	DBH	DBH
0	1.41	4.59	4.44	6.96	12.99	14.40	15.90
0.3	1.53	4.89	3.90	6.37	13.11	14.05	15.00
0.6	1.42	4.64	4.38	7.34	13.57	14.76	15.87
1.2	1.49	4.96	4.43	7.36	13.09	14.02	15.33
2.4	1.67	4.95	4.70	7.30	13.21	14.17	15.21
4.8	1.68	4.92	4.77	7.44	14.17	14.40	15.68
9.6	1.41	4.66	4.45	7.19	13.53	14.80	15.60
C.V. (%)¹	4.56 ^n.s.	6.96 ^n.s.	11.96 ^n.s.	9.83 ^n.s.	5.43 ^n.s.	3.74 ^n.s.	4.25 ^n.s.
(b)	DTB	DTB	DBH	DBH	DBH	DBH	DBH
Mg ha^-1	---------------------------------- cm ----------------------------------
0	1.04	2.94	6.27	8.28	12.79	13.57	15.47
0.3	1.07	2.84	5.96	8.36	12.75	13.66	15.32
0.6	0.89	2.96	6.11	8.01	12.71	13.54	15.53
1.2	0.96	2.86	6.05	8.40	12.89	13.62	15.64
2.4	0.93	2.93	6.22	8.46	13.13	14.04	15.65
4.8	0.98	2.84	6.09	8.56	12.88	13.65	15.51
9.6	0.87	2.87	6.01	8.61	13.01	13.82	15.96
C.V. (%)*	7.93 ^n.s.	9.89^n.s.	3.69 ^n.s.	3.82 ^n.s.	3.55 ^n.s.	3.89 **¹	3.39 ^n.s.

Gypsum	Individual tree volume		Total tree volume
Mg ha^-1	m³		m³ ha^-1
	Jaguariaíva	Ventania	Jaguariaíva	Ventania
0	0.11	0.12	124.22	133.90
0.3	0.10	0.11	114.03	122.56
0.6	0.12	0.12	134.07	130.44
1.2	0.11	0.12	118.88	134.12
2.4	0.11	0.12	120.05	137.92
4.8	0.10	0.11	116.09	126.75
9.6	0.11	0.13	121.41	139.74
C.V. (%)¹	10.86^n.s.	8.96^n.s.	10.86^n.s.	8.96^n.s.

Instituto de Florestas da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro Rodovia BR 465 Km 7, CEP 23897-000, Tel.: (21) 2682 0558 | (21) 3787-4033 - Seropédica - RJ - Brazil
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[1] Marcos Vinicius Martins BassacoRua do Funcionários, Curitiba, PR, Brasil, CEP 80060-000 e-mail: marcos.bassaco@hotmail.com