Wind-Generated Seed Shadow in Southern Brazil: The Influence of the Mother Plant and Wind Direction

Genz, Leone; Kissmann, Camila

doi:10.1590/2179-8087.123517

Leone Genz

Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, SC, Brasil

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1499-2760

Camila Kissmann

Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (Unesp), Botucatu, SP, Brasil

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8636-4929

CORRESPONDENCE TOCamila Kissmann Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (Unesp), Rua Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n, CEP 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brasil e-mail: camilakissmann@ibb.unesp.br

Associate editor: João Vicente de Figueiredo Latorraca https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5969-5199 0000-0002-5969-5199

Figures (5)
Tables (2)

Thumbnail

Figure 1
Localization of the National Forest of Chapecó, Santa Catarina State, Southern Brazil.

Thumbnail

Figure 2
Total monthly rainfall (mm), maximum wind speed (km/h) and wind traits (cardinal direction and degrees) in the municipality of Chapecó during the study period. The columns represent accumulated monthly precipitation (mm) and the points indicate the average values of the maximum wind speed. The bars indicate standard deviation. E: east, ESE: east-southeast, ENE: wind in east-northeast.

Thumbnail

Figure 3
Diaspore density of Apuleia leiocarpa, Peltophorum dubium and Jacaranda micrantha collected monthly in the National Forest of Chapecó between December 2014 and August 2015.

Thumbnail

Figure 4
Density of diaspores (number of diaspores/m² ± standard deviation) of Apuleia leiocarpa (a and b), Peltophorum dubium (c and d), and Jacaranda micrantha (e and f) as a function of distance from the mother plant (a, c, and e) and the cardinal directions (b, d, and f) in the National Forest of Chapecó. The absence of letters indicates the lack of significant difference, and distinct letters show significant differences between means by the Tukey test (p > 0.05).

Thumbnail

Figure 5
Density (number of diaspores/m²) and standard deviation of Apuleia leiocarpa (a), Peltophorum dubium (b), and Jacaranda micrantha (c) diaspores in the cardinal direction in each month along the dispersal period in the National Forest of Chapecó. The absence of letters indicates the lack of significant difference, and distinct letters show significant differences between means by the Tukey test (p > 0.05).

Thumbnail

Table 1
Pearson correlation coefficients and p-values (in parenthesis) of the relationship between plant height, crown spread, total diaspore density, distance from the mother plant and cardinal directions for Apuleia leiocarpa, Peltophorum dubium and Jacaranda micrantha dispersal in the National Forest of Chapecó.

Thumbnail

Table 2
Mean length and width and standard deviation of Apuleia leiocarpa, Peltophorum dubium, and Jacaranda micrantha diaspores collected in the National Forest of Chapecó during the 2014/2015 dispersal period. Total diaspores by species = 100.

	Apuleia leiocarpa		Peltophorum dubium		Jacaranda micrantha
	Plant height	Crown spread	Plant height	Crown spread	Plant height	Crown spread
Density (n^o/m²)	0.77 (0.13)	0.80 (0.11)	0.34 (0.58)	0.01 (0.88)	0.51 (0.38)	< 0.01 (1.00)
1 m	−0.74 (< 0.01)	−0.81 (< 0.01)	0.31 (0.19)	0.11 (0.64)	0.22 (0.36)	0.11 (0.65)
10 m	−0.48 (0.03)	−0.51 (0.02)	0.40 (0.08)	0.05 (0.83)	0.04 (0.88)	0.05 (0.85)
20 m	−0.54 (0.01)	−0.43 (0.06)	0.34 (0.14)	0.01 (0.97)	0.03 (0.06)	0.15 (0.53)
North	−0.35 (0.21)	−0.43 (0.06)	0.16 (0.56)	0.06 (0.84)	0.06 (0.84)	0.06 (0.84)
South	−0.34 (0.22)	−0.43 (0.06)	0.14 (0.63)	0.10 (0.72)	0.06 (0.83)	0.26 (0.35)
East	−0.36 (0.19)	−0.43 (0.06)	0.18 (0.53)	0.07 (0.81)	0.08 (0.77)	0.02 (0.94)
West	−0.29 (0.29)	−0.37 (0.17)	0.23 (0.42)	0.01 (0.98)	0.02 (0.93)	0.30 (0.27)

Species	Length (cm)	Width (cm)
Apuleia leiocarpa	4.0 ± 0.35 ^§	2.04 ± 0.32
Peltophorum dubium	7.3 ± 1.03	1.9 ± 0.26
Jacaranda micrantha	2.25 ± 0.19	1.5 ± 0.04

[1] CORRESPONDENCE TOCamila Kissmann Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (Unesp), Rua Prof. Dr. Antonio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n, CEP 18618-689, Botucatu, SP, Brasil e-mail: camilakissmann@ibb.unesp.br

Brasil

Brasil

Wind-Generated Seed Shadow in Southern Brazil: The Influence of the Mother Plant and Wind Direction

Abstract