Shading Levels and Substrates Affect Morphophysiological Responses and Quality of <i>Anadenanthera peregrina</i> (L.) Speg Seedlings

Santos, Cleberton Correia; Jorge, Higor Périkles Guedes; Dias, Luiz Gabriel Fernandes; Vieira, Maria do Carmo

doi:10.1590/2179-8087.011919

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE, Silviculture • Floresta Ambient. 27 (2) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.011919 copy

Shading Levels and Substrates Affect Morphophysiological Responses and Quality of Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg Seedlings

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

It is essential to know the ecological tolerance of Anadenanthera peregrina (L.) Speg seedlings regarding the light and edaphic conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of substrates and shading levels on the emergence and quality of A. peregrina seedlings. The seeding was done in two substrates: 100% Dystroferric Red Latosol (DRL) and DRL + commercial substrate (1:1, v/v). The species were kept under four shading levels: 0% (direct sunlight), 30%, 50% and 70%. The highest speed and shortest emergence time of A. peregrina occurred in DRL. The highest growth characteristics of aerial part, xylopodium and roots occurred under direct sunlight and DRL. The productions of fresh and dried masses of different vegetative organs, physiological and Dickson quality index were higher in DRL and direct sunlight. The A. peregrina seedlings in 100% of DRL and direct sunlight showed more viable morphophysiological and quality indicators for their production.

Keywords:
cerrado biome; light; ecological tolerance; reserve structure; xylopodium

Attributes	0%		30%		50%		70%
Attributes	S1	S2	S1	S2	S1	S2	S1	S2
pH H₂O	5.03	6.54	5.41	6.45	5.73	6.53	5.86	6.45
P (mg dm^-3)	5.61	73.66	3.73	96.25	5.88	93.03	5.34	59.14
K (cmol_c dm³)	0.23	0.62	0.15	0.66	0.20	0.60	0.17	0.59
Ca (cmol_c dm³)	2.95	10.07	2.65	10.41	2.93	10.04	2.82	8.01
Mg (cmol_c dm³)	1.63	5.22	1.47	5.31	1.61	5.09	1.53	4.60
Al (cmol_c dm³)	0.48	0.00	0.28	0.00	0.26	0.08	0.28	0.00
H+Al (cmol_c dm³)	3.01	2.90	2.88	2.91	2.54	2.86	2.50	2.74
SB (cmol_c dm³)	4.80	15.91	4.27	16.39	4.74	15.73	4.53	13.19
CEC (cmol_c dm³)	7.82	18.81	7.15	19.30	7.28	18.59	7.02	15.94
Saturation (V %)	61.49	84.55	59.69	84.86	65.11	84.53	63.86	82.65
Organic matter (%)	0.64	7.58	0.96	6.65	0.61	6.92	0.93	5.31

Substrates	SE	MET (days)	Emergence (%)
S1	1.75 a	13.57 b	67.0 a
S2	1.33 b	14.20 a	61.0 a
Shading Levels
0%	1.33 a	14.10 a	60.0 a
30%	1.83 a	13.82 a	65.0 a
50%	1.50 a	13.94 a	70.0 a
70%	1.50 a	13.69 a	61.0 a
C.V. (%)	31.25	3.89	26.80

	LA	RL		XL	XD
Substrates	(cm²/plant)	(cm/plant)	(mm/plant)
S1	47.06 a	14.02 a		46.74 a	4.14 a
S2	36.10 b	14.46 a		34.67 b	3.00 b
Shading Levels
0%	105.50 a	13.08 b		59.60 a	3.28 a
30%	16.75 b	13.34 b		44.94 b	3.33 a
50%	22.84 b	15.23 a		29.34 c	3.83 a
70%	21.25 b	15.30 a		28.94 c	3.85 a
C.V. (%)	16.71	7.65		12.68	14.22

	LFM	SFM	XFM	RFM
Substrates	(g/plant)
S1	1.824 a	0.668 a	2.679 a	0.742 a
S2	1.131 a	0.379 b	1.296 b	0.394 b
Shading Levels
0%	3.588 a	0.793 a	2.811 a	0.737 a
30%	0.610 b	0.548 a	1.860 b	0.544 ab
50%	0.944 b	0.384 a	1.993 b	0.629 ab
70%	0.770 b	0.368 a	1.286 b	0.361 b
C.V. (%)	62.97	56.31	46.44	29.51

	LDM	SDM	XDM	RDM	TDM
Substrates	(g/plant)
S1	0.942 a	0.257 a	1.190 a	0.459 a	2.919 a
S2	0.599 a	0.193 a	0.556 b	0.290 b	1.640 b
Shading Levels
0%	1.948 a	0.347 a	1.238 a	0.411 a	4.083 a
30%	0.307 b	0.183 a	0.884 ab	0.398 a	1.773 b
50%	0.465 b	0.200 a	0.876 ab	0.444 a	1.986 b
70%	0.362 b	0.170 a	0.493 b	0.247 a	1.274 b
C.V. (%)	45.82	57.19	35.41	47.85	41.61

	SLA	SLM	LAR	APRR	DQI
Substrates	(g cm^-2)		(cm² g^-1)
S1	14.82 a	0.278 a	53.15 a	0.661 b	0.49 a
S2	21.69 a	0.306 a	70.18 a	0.861 a	0.29 b
Shading Levels
0%	32.01 a	0.457 a	51.61 a	1.299 a	0.54 a
30%	9.72 b	0.174 c	55.54 a	0.389 c	0.39 ab
50%	13.09 b	0.250 bc	63.15 a	0.576 b	0.39 ab
70%	18.20 b	0.288 b	76.36 a	0.781 ab	0.25 b
C.V. (%)	43.17	16.17	49.95	26.25	38.81

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[1] Associated Editor: Eduardo Vinicius da Silva