23
|
Effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy administered by videoconference for posttraumatic stress disorder |
Germain et al. |
Canada |
RCT |
Face-to-face 31 patients vs. telepsychiatry 16 patients |
SCID-IV MPSS BDI |
Significant improvements in PTSD symptoms, level of depression, anxiety, daily function and perception of health in both groups. No significant difference in effectiveness between CBT face-toface vs. telepsychiatry. |
24
|
Is telepsychiatry equivalent to face-to-face psychiatry? Results from a randomized controlled equivalence trial |
O’Reilly et al. |
Canada |
RCT |
Face-to-face 254 patients vs. telepsychiatry 241 patients |
BSI GSI CSQ |
Clinical outcome in face-to-face and telepsychiatry equivalent (improvement in GSI: 6.9 vs. 7.2). No difference in patient satisfaction between both groups. Cost analysis showed 10% cost savings in telepsychiatry group (total cost USD 108,549 vs. USD 88,311). |
25
|
Efficacy of an Internetbased intervention for posttraumatic stress disorder in Iraq: a pilot study |
Wagner et al. |
Germany |
Pilot study |
Telepsychiatry 15 patients |
PDS HSCL-25 Skala Quality of Life (EUROHIS) |
Conducted with Arabic patients. Significant improvement in symptoms of PTSD, depression, anxiety. Better quality of life post-therapy. Effect size for PTSD Scale (1.57), depression (1.51), anxiety (1.50), and quality of life (1.17). |
26
|
Online working alliance predicts treatment outcome for posttraumatic stress symptoms in Arab wartraumatized patients |
Wagner et al. |
Germany |
RCT |
Telepsychiatry 55 patients |
PDS and Working Alliance Inventory |
Telepsychiatry for 45 minutes, twice weekly for 5 weeks (total of 10 sessions). High patient satisfaction throughout study. Better patient satisfaction correlated with symptom improvement. |
27
|
Long-term effects of an internet-based treatment for posttraumatic stress |
Knaevelsrud & Maercker |
Germany |
Follow up study after RCT |
34 telepsychiatry patients 18 months post-therapy |
IES-R DASS |
Pre and post-therapy data were compared. Improvements in PTSD, depression and anxiety symptoms remained for 18 months post-therapy. Only 24% needed additional face-toface therapy support. |
28
|
Internet-based treatment for PTSD reduces distress and facilitates the development of a strong therapeutic alliance: a randomized controlled clinical trial |
Knaevelsrud & Maercker |
Germany |
RCT |
WLC 47 patients vs. telepsychiatry 49 patients |
IES-R SCL-90 |
Conducted with German patients. Significant difference in symptoms between telepsychiatry and control group. High patient satisfaction (86% satisfied, low dropout of 16%). Improvement remained during followup 3 months post-therapy. |
29
|
Brief Internet-based intervention reduces posttraumatic stress and prolonged grief in parents after the loss of a child during pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial |
Kersting et al. |
Germany |
RCT |
WLC 113 patients vs. telepsychiatry 115 patients |
IES-R SCL-90 Inventory of Complicated Grief |
Significantly better improvements in PTSD symptoms, grief, depression and anxiety in telepsychiatry group. Improvements persisted for 12 months post-therapy. |
30
|
A therapist-assisted cognitive behavior therapy internet intervention for posttraumatic stress disorder: pre-, post- and 3-month follow-up results from an open trial |
Klein et al. |
Australia |
Open trial |
Telepsychiatry 22 patients |
PTSD Scale MINI Anxiety Disorders Interview PCL IES-R DASS WHOQOLBREF TSQ TAQ |
69.2% cured from PTSD after 10 weeks of telepsychiatry. 3 months post-therapy, the percentage of cured patients increased to 77%. Patient satisfaction of 69%. High-quality doctor-patient relationship (87.5%). Average total therapy time: 194.5 minutes. |
31
|
A therapist-assisted Internet-based CBT intervention for posttraumatic stress disorder: preliminary results |
Klein et al. |
Australia |
Open trial |
Telepsychiatry 16 patients |
IES-R TAQ TSQ |
Telepsychiatry only through e-mail. Therapy for 10 weeks. Significant improvements in PTSD symptoms, good patient-doctor relation. Improvement in PTSD symptoms reported. |
32
|
Randomized controlled trial of Internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder |
Spence et al. |
Australia |
RCT |
WLC 21 patients vs. telepsychiatry 23 patients |
PCL |
Telepsychiatry effective in reducing PTSD symptoms (61% improved in telepsychiatry group vs. 21% in control group). Efficient, only required therapeutic time < 2 hours (SD 97 minutes), shorter than face-to-face therapy. High patient satisfaction (81% satisfied, 95% will recommend to friends). Improvements remained 3 months post-therapy. |
33
|
Chinese My Trauma Recovery, a web-based intervention for traumatized persons in two parallel samples: randomized controlled trial |
Wang et al. |
China |
RCT |
Telepsychiatry 183 patients |
PDS SCL-90 CSE PCC SFI |
Telepsychiatry samples from both urban and rural areas. Improvement in PTSD symptoms for both types of patients. Improvements remain even 3 months post-therapy during follow up. |
34
|
Web-based psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder in war-traumatized Arab patients: randomized controlled trial |
Knaevelsrud et al. |
Iraq |
RCT |
WLC 80 patients vs. telepsychiatry 79 patients |
PDS |
Telepsychiatry for 45 minutes, twice weekly for 5 weeks. 62% cured from PTSD post-therapy (OR 74.19). Improvements remained 3 months post-therapy. |
35
|
Interapy: a controlled randomized trial of the standardized treatment of posttraumatic stress through the internet |
Lange et al. |
The Netherlands |
RCT |
WLC 32 patients vs. telepsychiatry 69 patients |
SCL-90 |
Conducted through Interapy platform: psychoeducation, screening and therapy for PTSD. Significant improvements in trauma symptoms and psychopathology in telepsychiatry group vs. WLC. Large effect size. More than 50% of patients reported significant improvements especially in symptoms of depression and avoidance. |
36
|
Delivery of self-training and education for stressful situations (DESTRESSPC): a randomized trial of nurse assisted online selfmanagement for PTSD in primary care |
Engel et al. |
United States of America |
RCT |
Face-to-face 37 patients vs. telepsychiatry 43 patients |
PCL |
War veterans. Effect of telepsychiatry for 8 weeks better than standard face-to-face therapy (effect size 0.47 measured 12 weeks post-therapy). Greatest improvement found 12 months post-therapy, which reduced when therapy was stopped. |
37
|
Guided internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy for post-traumatic: a randomized controlled trial |
Ivarsson et al. |
Sweden |
RCT |
WLC 31 patients vs. telepsychiatry 31 patients |
CAPS IES-R PDS |
Eight weeks of therapy using online module on psychoeducation, breathing exercises, imaginal and in vivo exposure, cognitive restructuring, relapse prevention. Feedback and therapist support once weekly online. Significant improvements in PTSD symptoms, with effect size between group IES-R (d=1.25) and PDS (d=1.24). Improvements in symptoms remained 1 year post-therapy. |