INTRODUCTION:
the standard treatment for locally advanced extra-peritoneal rectal adenocarcinoma, consists of neoadjuvant treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision.
OBJECTIVE:
evaluate, retrospectively, the patients submitted to neoadjuvant therapy and surgery that presents with total remission of the lesion in the anatomopathological examination.
METHODS:
between 2000 and 2010, 212 patients underwent surgery at the Coloproctology Unit at DMAD at FCM-UNICAMP. They were grouped as: rectosigmoidectomy and colorectal anastomosis (n = 54), rectosigmoidectomy with coloanal anastomosis (n = 41), 114 abdominoperineal resection of the rectum (n = 114) and other (n = 3).
RESULTS:
thirty (14.2%) patients (mean age 57.6 years; 60% males) showed complete remission of the rectal lesion. 4 (13.3%) had compromised lymph nodes and/or lymphatic invasion At follow-up (mean 51.9 months), 4 (13.3%) presented with local recurrence (one patient) or distant metastases (two patients had liver metastasis, one had liver and lung, and one had bone metastasis). The mean survival was 86.7%.
CONCLUSION:
patients with a complete tumor response show ed an increased survival rate, however, the same patients without evidence of residual tumors could develop local recurrence or distant metastases on a later follow-up.
Rectal cancer; Neoadjuvant therapy; Surgery
