Salinity tolerance in <i>Senna macranthera</i> (DC. ex Collad.) H. S. Irwin &amp; Barneby seeds with sodium nitroprusside (SNP) promoted by cyanide

Silva, Aparecida Leonir da; Pinheiro, Daniel Teixeira; Borges, Eduardo Euclydes de Lima e; Silva, Laércio Junio da; Dias, Denise Cunha Fernandes dos Santos

doi:10.1590/2317-1545v40n3198495

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • J. Seed Sci. 40 (3) • Jul-Sep 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v40n3198495 copy

Salinity tolerance in Senna macranthera (DC. ex Collad.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby seeds with sodium nitroprusside (SNP) promoted by cyanide

Tolerância à salinidade em sementes de Senna macranthera (DC. ex Collad.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby com nitroprussiato de sódio (SNP) promovida pelo cianeto

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract:

Studies show the positive effect of the nitric oxide donor in the seed germination process. However, there are no precise reports about which compound present in sodium nitroprusside would cause these effects in seeds under salt stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of SNP on germination of Senna macranthera seeds under salt stress. The osmotic potentials of -0.3, -0.4, and -0.5 MPa of NaCl were used, as well as the concentration of 100 μM of sodium nitroprusside, inactive sodium nitroprusside, and ferrocyanide. The sodium nitroprusside in germination was applied before, during, and after salt stress. Germination rate, germination speed index, percentage of normal seedlings, and seedling development components were evaluated. The treatments that proved to be more promising in recovery of germination under salt stress are -0.4 MPa together with SNP; -0.4 MPa together with inactive SNP; -0.5 MPa together with SNP and -0.5 MPa together with inactive SNP. Effects similar to those brought about by the sodium nitroprusside treatment were also observed in the treatments with inactive sodium nitroprusside and ferrocyanide, indicating that the effects observed were related to release of the cyanide present in the sodium nitroprusside.

Index terms:
ferrocyanide; NaCl; salt stress

ABRATES - Associação Brasileira de Tecnologia de Sementes Av. Juscelino Kubitschek, 1400 - 3° Andar, sala 31 - Centro,, CEP 86020-000 Londrina/PR - Londrina - PR - Brazil
E-mail: jss@abrates.org.br

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[1] *Corresponding author ˂ aparecidaleonir@gmail.com˃

Treatment	G	GSI	NS	SL	RL	SDM	RDM
H₂O→ -0.3 MPa	82 c	9.11 d	30 d	12.21 b	23.12 c	32.46 a	3.25 b
H₂O→ -0.4 MPa	77 d	7.49 f	0 e	0.00 e	0.00 e	0.00 c	0.00 e
H₂O→ -0.5 MPa	60 f	5.09 h	0 e	0.00 e	0.00 e	0.00 c	0.00 e
SNP→ -0.3 MPa	83 c	9.60 c	30 d	13.78 b	26.76 c	31.46 a	3.28 b
SNP→ -0.4 MPa	79 d	8.14 e	4 e	4.73 d	11.58 d	14.33 b	1.75 d
SNP→ -0.5 MPa	60 f	5.14 h	0 e	0.00 e	0.00 e	0.00 c	0.00 e
Ferrocyanide→ -0.3 MPa	88 b	10.05 c	31 d	12.66 b	25.46 c	30.88 a	3.32 b
Ferrocyanide→ -0.4 MPa	86 b	8.40 e	4 e	8.60 c	17.78 c	24.88 a	2.94 b
Ferrocyanide→ -0.5 MPa	73 d	6.41 g	0 e	0.00 e	0.00 e	0.00 c	0.00 e
Inactive SNP→ -0.3MPa	90 b	12.26 b	43 c	14.45 b	31.94 b	29.69 a	3.97 a
Inactive SNP→ -0.4 MPa	83 c	9.14 d	5 e	12.55 b	24.79 c	33.96 a	3.67 a
Inactive SNP→ -0.5 MPa	77 d	7.24 f	0 e	0.00 e	0.00 e	0.00 c	0.00 e
SNP	86 b	6.64 g	62 b	35.66 a	34.91 b	28.81 a	3.62 a
Ferrocyanide	89 b	7.28 f	72 a	36.26 a	36.69 b	30.41 a	4.02 a
Inactive SNP	96 a	14.21 a	67 a	37.02 a	43.03 a	31.56 a	4.43 a
Control (water)	89 b	13.58 a	70 a	34.74 a	41.30 a	34.80 a	4.68 a
- 0.3 MPa	67 e	7.06 f	8 e	8.91 c	25.04 c	25.38 a	2.05 c
- 0.4 MPa	55 f	4.95 h	0 e	0.00 e	0.00 e	0.00 c	0.00 e
- 0.5 MPa	36 g	2.91 i	0 e	0.00 e	0.00 e	0.00 c	0.00 e
CV (%)	5.43	6.06	20.11	20.94	25.91	31.62	33.21

Treatment	G	GSI	NS	SL	RL	SDM	RDM
- 0.3 MPa→H₂O	80 b	10.89 b	62 a	29.67 b	35.31 b	33.41 a	3.83 b
- 0.4 MPa→H₂O	85 b	10.74 b	56 a	25.00 c	29.50 c	34.37 a	3.40 c
- 0.5 MPa→H₂O	93 a	11.78 b	65 a	28.06 b	35.85 b	30.89 b	3.76 b
- 0.3 MPa→SNP	87 b	11.38 b	62 a	27.64 b	30.95 c	34.17 a	3.75 b
- 0.4 MPa→SNP	82 b	11.11 b	63 a	27.71 b	33.64 b	32.13 a	3.88 b
- 0.5 MPa→SNP	83 b	10.95 b	67 a	25.71 c	33.43 b	34.05 a	3.99 b
- 0.3 MPa→ferrocyanide	87 b	11.50 b	65 a	23.32 c	27.56 d	33.64 a	3.42 c
- 0.4 MPa→ferrocyanide	89 a	11.70 b	67 a	25.33 c	30.77 c	34.59 a	3.90 b
- 0.5 MPa→ferrocyanide	87 b	11.50 b	70 a	26.33 c	32.24 c	33.74 a	3.97 b
- 0.3 MPa→Inactive SNP	92 a	13.47 a	74 a	30.80 b	37.15 b	34.17 a	3.86 b
- 0.4 MPa →Inactive SNP	90 a	12.97 a	72 a	31.01 b	34.09 b	31.55 b	3.40 c
- 0.5 MPa →Inactive SNP	86 b	12.39 b	67 a	29.76 b	36.76 b	36.73 a	3.98 b
SNP	86 b	6.64 c	62 a	35.66 a	34.91 b	28.81 b	3.62 c
Ferrocyanide	89 a	7.28 c	72 a	36.26 a	36.69 b	30.41 b	4.02 b
Inactive SNP	96 a	14.21 a	67 a	37.02 a	43.03 a	31.56 b	4.43 a
Control (water)	89 a	13.58 a	70 a	34.74 a	41.30 a	34.80 a	4.56 a
- 0.3 MPa	67 c	7.06 c	8 b	8.91 d	25.04 d	25.38 c	2.05 d
- 0.4 MPa	55 d	4.95 d	0 b	0.00 e	0.00 e	0.00 d	0.00 e
- 0.5 MPa	36 e	2.91 e	0 b	0.00 e	0.00 e	0.00 d	0.00 e
CV (%)	5.42	7.52	12.50	8.62	8.66	7.07	7.20

Treatment	G	GSI	NS	SL	RL	SDM	RDM
H₂O + -0.3MPa	6 c	7.06 d	8 d	8.91 b	25.04 d	25.38 d	2.05 e
H₂O + -0.4 MPa	55 d	4.95 f	0 d	0.00 c	0.00 f	0.00 f	0.00 g
H₂O + -0.5 MPa	36 e	2.91 h	0 d	0.00 c	0.00 f	0.00 f	0.00 g
SNP + -0.3 MPa	82 b	4.46 f	32 c	11.06 b	22.54 e	14.33 e	1.47 f
SNP + -0.4 MPa	70 c	3.08 h	0 d	0.00 c	0.00 f	0.00 f	0.00 g
SNP + -0.5 MPa	65 c	5.76 e	0 d	0.00 c	0.00 f	0.00 f	0.00 g
Ferrocyanide + - 0.3 MPa	87 b	4.70 f	45 b	12.76 b	24.96 d	16.52 e	1.80 e
Ferrocyanide + - 0.4 MPa	66 c	3.83 g	22 c	10.32 b	20.41 e	15.33 e	1.44 f
Ferrocyanide + - 0.5 MPa	69 c	6.09 e	0 d	0.00 c	0.00 f	0.00 f	0.00 g
Inactive SNP+ - 0.3MPa	93 a	10.91 b	28 c	12.37 b	28.80 c	30.97 b	3.65 c
Inactive SNP+ - 0.4MPa	89 b	9.11 c	7 d	10.88 b	24.43 d	31.48 b	3.32 d
Inactive SNP+ - 0.5MPa	65 c	5.59 e	0 d	0.00 c	0.00 f	0.00 f	0.00 g
SNP	86 b	6.64 d	62 a	35.66 a	34.91 b	28.81 c	3.62 c
Ferrocyanide	89 b	7.28 d	72 a	36.26 a	36.69 b	30.41 b	4.02 b
Inactive SNP	96 a	14.21 a	67 a	37.02 a	43.03 a	31.56 b	4.43 a
Control (water)	89 b	13.58 a	70 a	34.74 a	41.30 a	34.80 a	4.68 a
CV(%)	5.45	7.52	24.47	15.19	11.48	10.52	11.75