Self-perception, complaints and vocal quality among undergraduate
               students enrolled in a Pedagogy course

Fabron, Eliana Maria Gradim; Regaçone, Simone Fiuza; Marino, Viviane Cristina de Castro; Mastria, Marina Ludovico; Motonaga, Suely Mayumi; Sebastião, Luciana Tavares

doi:10.1590/2317-1782/20152014178

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Original Articles • CoDAS 27 (3) • May-Jun 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20152014178 copy

Self-perception, complaints and vocal quality among undergraduate students enrolled in a Pedagogy course

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

PURPOSE:

To compare the vocal self-perception and vocal complaints reported by two groups of students of the pedagogy course (freshmen and graduates); to relate the vocal self-perception to the vocal complaints for these groups; and to compare the voice quality of the students from these groups through perceptual auditory assessment and acoustic analysis.

METHODS:

Initially, 89 students from the pedagogy course answered a questionnaire about self-perceived voice quality and vocal complaints. In a second phase, auditory-perceptual evaluation and acoustic analyses of 48 participants were made through voice recordings of sustained vowel emission and poem reading.

RESULTS:

The most reported vocal complaints were fatigue while using the voice, sore throat, effort to speak, irritation or burning in the throat, hoarseness, tightness in the neck, and variations of voice throughout the day. There was a higher occurrence of complaints from graduates than from freshmen, with significant differences for four of the nine complaints. It was also possible to observe the relationship between vocal self-perception and complaints reported by these students. No significant differences were observed in the results of auditory-perceptual evaluation; however, some graduates had their voices evaluated with higher severity of deviation of normalcy. During acoustic analysis no difference was observed between groups.

CONCLUSION:

The increase in vocal demand by the graduates may have caused the greatest number and diversity of vocal complaints, and several of them are related to the self-assessment of voice quality. The auditory-perceptual evaluation and acoustic analysis showed no deviations in their voice.

Keywords
Voice; Voice Disorders; Voice Quality; Evaluation; Self-assessment

Vocal self-perception	First year	Fourth year
Vocal self-perception	(n=47)	(n=42)
Mean	2.77	1.71*
Standard deviation	0.81	0.60
Minimum	1	1
Maximum	5	3

Complaints	First year		Fourth year		p-value
Complaints	n	%	n	%	p-value
Fatigue in the use of the voice
No	33	70.2	12	28.6	<0.001*
Yes	14	29.8	30	71.4	<0.001*
Sore throat
No	18	38.3	18	42.9	0.662
Yes	29	61.7	24	57.1	0.662
Effort to speak
No	33	70.2	18	42.9	0.009*
Yes	14	29.8	24	57.1	0.009*
Irritation or burning in the throat
No	18	38.3	8	19.0	0.046*
Yes	29	61.7	34	81.0	0.046*
Voice loss
No	37	78.7	29	69.0	0.298
Yes	10	21.3	13	31.0	0.298
Throat clearing
No	31	66.0	22	52.4	0.193
Yes	16	34.0	20	47.6	0.193
Hoarseness
No	19	40.4	16	38.1	0.822
Yes	27	57.4	26	61.9	0.822
Sensation of foreign body in the throat
No	33	70.2	28	66.7	0.719
Yes	14	29.8	14	33.3	0.719
Neck tension
No	25	53.2	20	47.6	0.600
Yes	22	46.8	22	52.4	0.600
Voice variations throughout the day
No	30	63.8	17	40.5	0.028*
Yes	17	36.2	25	59.5	0.028*

	First year		Fourth year
	No	Yes	No	Yes
Fatigue in the use of the voice
Mean	2.67	3.00	1.50	1.80
Standard deviation	0.78	0.88	0.52	0.61
p-value	0.202		0.143
Sore throat
Mean	2.56	2.90	1.50	1.88
Standard deviation	0.62	0.90	0.62	0.54
p-value	0.165		0.042
Effort to speak
Mean	2.58	3.21	1.50	1.88
Standard deviation	0.75	0.80	0.51	0.61
p-value	0.012		0.042
Irritation or burning in the throat
Mean	2.50	2.93	1.25	1.82
Standard deviation	0.71	0.84	0.46	0.58
p-value	0.077		0.012
Voice loss
Mean	2.70	3.00	1.55	2.08
Standard deviation	0.85	0.67	0.51	0.64
p-value	0.310		0.007
Throat clearing
Mean	2.71	2.88	1.55	1.90
Standard deviation	0.82	0.81	0.51	0.64
p-value	0.515		0.053
Hoarseness
Mean	2.47	2.89	1.44	1.88
Standard deviation	0.70	0.75	0.63	0.52
p-value	0.064		0.016
Sensation of a foreign body in the throat
Mean	2.82	2.64	1.64	1.86
Standard deviation	0.85	0.74	0.62	0.53
p-value	0.505		0.277
Neck tension
Mean	2.72	2.82	1.55	1.86
Standard deviation	0.68	0.96	0.60	0.56
p-value	0.684		0.089
Voice variation throughout the day
Mean	2.57	3.12	1.59	1.80
Standard deviation	0.77	0.78	0.51	0.65
p-value	0.024		0.264

Evaluation		Mean	Median	Standard deviation	Minimum	Maximum	p-value
G	1^st year	0.65	1.0	0.63	0.0	2.0	0.717
G	4^th year	0.73	1.0	0.77	0.0	2.0	0.717

Acoustic measures	School year	Mean	Standard deviation	Minimum	Maximum	p-value
Pitch (Hz)	1^st	219.6	33.9	103.2	265.1	0.157
Pitch (Hz)	4^th	205.9	31.7	135.0	272.8	0.157
Local jitter (%)	1^st	0.335	0.119	0.187	0.616	0.896
Local jitter (%)	4^th	0.340	0.137	0.177	0.691	0.896
Local shimmer (%)	1^st	1.82	0.70	0.98	3.54	0.913
Local shimmer (%)	4^th	1.80	0.51	0.85	2.93	0.913
HNR (dB)	1^st	23.51	3.34	16.50	29.49	0.615
HNR (dB)	4^th	23.03	3.13	14.20	27.71	0.615

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[1] Correspondence address: Eliana Maria Gradim Fabron Avenida Higyno Muzzi Filho, 737, Campus Universitário, Marília (SP), Brasil, CEP: 17525-900. E-mail: elianaf@marilia.unesp.br or afabron@hotmail.com