Author/year |
Country |
Sample/age |
Treatment |
Method used (evaluation of smell) |
Moment of evaluation of smell |
Results |
Park et al., 200911. Park J, Lee SH, Kang DH, Kim JS. Olfactory dysfunction after ipsilateral and contralateral pterional approaches for cerebral aneurysms. Neurosurgery. 2009;65(4):727-32.
1111. Park J, Lee SH, Kang DH, Kim JS. Olfactory dysfunction after ipsilateral and contralateral pterional approaches for cerebral aneurysms. Neurosurgery. 2009;65(4):727-32.
|
South Korea |
n=189 (120 women and 69 men); Group 1 (n=12); Group 2 (n=70); Group 3 (n=107); 25-76 years of age |
Group 1: pterional contralateral approach Group 2: pterional approach for the anterior communicating artery Group 3: pterional ipsilateral approach |
- Applying of a smell impairment questionnaire, at the clinic or by phone - Patients who reported alterations were submitted to the Sniffin' Sticks Test (Korean version) |
12 to 38 months after surgery |
-There was a significant correlation between the olfactory dysfunction, surgical technique used, and age - From the 189 patients, 21 of them presented olfactory dysfunction - The greater olfactory dysfucntion findings were observed in group 1 (contralateral pterional approach), where 58% of the individuals showed alterations |
Martin et al., 200912. Martin GE, Junqué C, Juncadella M, Gabarrós A, de Miquel MA, Rubio F. Olfactory dysfunction after subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by ruptured aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery. Clinical article. J Neurosurg. 2009;111(5):958-62.
1212. Martin GE, Junqué C, Juncadella M, Gabarrós A, de Miquel MA, Rubio F. Olfactory dysfunction after subarachnoid hemorrhage caused by ruptured aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery. Clinical article. J Neurosurg. 2009;111(5):958-62.
|
Spain |
n=69; Group SAH in AcoA: 39 patients (24 men and 15 women); control group: 30 participants (17 men and 13 women); <60 years of age; mean of the SAH group: 49.2 years; mean of the control group: 49.5 years |
43.5% of patients were submitted to surgegy with pterional approach 53.8% received endovascular coil treatment, and one patient needed both techniques |
- University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) - Test with 40 microencapsulated odors and multiple choice answers - Subjective evaluation of smell and taste |
Minimum of 6 months after the surgery |
- SAH group showed worse performance in relation to the control group - 17 (43.6%) of 39 patients of group SAH versus 1 (3.3%) of the 30 control group showed olfactory alterations - There was a negative correlation between age and olfactory alterations |
Moman et al., 200913. Moman MR, Verweij BH, Buwalda J, Rinkel GJ. Anosmia after endovascular and open surgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms. J Neurosurg. 2009;110(3):482-6.
1313. Moman MR, Verweij BH, Buwalda J, Rinkel GJ. Anosmia after endovascular and open surgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms. J Neurosurg. 2009;110(3):482-6.
|
Netherlands |
n=90; Group of nonruptured aneurysms: 58 patients (43 women and 15 men); Group with SAH: 32 patients (22 women and 10 men); Group of nonruptured aneurysms: 35.7-79.8 years of age; Group with SAH: 28.2-88.6 years of age |
32 patients showed clipped aneurysms and 26 embolized aneurysms |
- Interview over the phone to investigate smell alterations - Sniffin' Sticks Test Battery (validated in Europe), with 12 odors - 20 participants of each group were elected to perform the smell test |
Not informed |
Interview: - From the patients treated for nonruptured aneurysm, 9 (28%) of the 32 patients treated surgically and none of the 26 patients treated by endovascular method (0%) reported having or having had olfactory loss - Of the 32 patients with SAH treated by endovascular method, 7 (22%) of them experienced olfactory loss Test: - Of the patients treated for nonruptured aneurysm, 13 (65%) patients treated surgically and 8 treated by endovascular method (42%) showed olfactory alterations - Of the patients with SAH treated by the endovascular method, 7 (35%) of them sshowed olfactory alterations |
Wermer et al., 200714. Wermer MJ, Donswijk M, Greebe P, Verweij BH, Rinkel GJ. Anosmia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurgery. 2007;61(5):918-22; discussion 922-3.
1414. Wermer MJ, Donswijk M, Greebe P, Verweij BH, Rinkel GJ. Anosmia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurgery. 2007;61(5):918-22; discussion 922-3.
|
Netherlands |
n=315 (199 women and 116 men); 25-91 years of age (mean age of 60.3 years) |
- 67 patients were treated by the endovascular method - 248 were treated surgically (clipping) |
- Questionnaire for the olfactory alteration (by phone and at the clinic) - Visual analog scale of impact for olfactory loss was used |
Mean period 7.5 years (1.2-20.4 years) |
- 89 of the 315 patients (28%) reported olfactory loss after treatment of SAH, including 10 of the 67 patients treated by the endovascular method (15%) and 79 of the 248 patients treated surgically (32%) |
De Vries et al., 200715. De Vries J, Menovsky T, Ingels K. Evaluation of olfactory nerve function after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and clip occlusion. J Neurosurg. 2007;107(6):1126-9.
1515. De Vries J, Menovsky T, Ingels K. Evaluation of olfactory nerve function after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and clip occlusion. J Neurosurg. 2007;107(6):1126-9.
|
Netherlands |
n=13 (9 women and 4 men); 35-67 years of age (mean age of 49 years) |
Frontobasal and frontotemporal neurosurgical procedures for clipping |
- Subjective evaluation of smell - Sniffin' Sticks Test. Battery to verify the threshold, discrimination, and olfactory identification from pens with odors (butanol concentrations) |
- 72 hours from SAH - Retake of the smell test 3 months after surgery |
- Test after 72 hours from the SAH: olfactory alterations in 10 patients was identified: 3 anosmia and 7 hyposmia - Of these 10 patients, only 2 of them subjectly reported olfactory decrease - Test after 3 months from the surgery: 3 of the 10 patients showed anosmia, 4 of them hyposmia; and 3 of them normosmia |
Hiroaki et al., 19961616. Hiroaki F, Nobuyuki Y, Edgar NV, Akifumi S. Anosmia after anterior communicating artery aneurysm surgery: comparison between the anterior interhemispheric ans basal interhemispheric approaches. 1995;38(2):325-28.
|
Japan |
n=138; 33 patients with nonruptured aneurysm; 101 patients were examined; 49 patients submitted to surgery by AIA; 52 were submitted to surgery by BIA; 56 men and 45 women; Group AIA: 31-74 years of age (mean age of 56.5 years); Group BIA: 34-72 years of age (mean age of 53.9 years) |
49 patients were treated surgically by anterior interhemispheric approach and 52 patients by basal interhemispheric approach |
- Subjective evaluation through direct interview or by phone; - Bilateral application of the objective test of smell using vanilla extract |
Not informed |
- 15 patients (31%) revealed anosmia after surgery by the anterior interhemispheric approach, while only 1 patient (1.9%) showed anosmia after surgery by basal interhemispheric approach |
Bor et al., 200917. Bor AS, Niemansburg SL, Wermer MJ, Rinkel GJ. Anosmia after coiling of ruptured aneurysms: prevalence, prognosis, and risk factors. Stroke. 2009;40(6):2226-8.
1717. Bor AS, Niemansburg SL, Wermer MJ, Rinkel GJ. Anosmia after coiling of ruptured aneurysms: prevalence, prognosis, and risk factors. Stroke. 2009;40(6):2226-8.
|
Netherlands |
n=197 (129 women and 68 men); mean age (without aneurysm): 53 years; mean age (with aneurysm): 56 years |
Endovascular embolization |
- Semistructured questionnaire applied at the clinic or by phone - Visual analog scale of impact for olfactory loss was used |
Minimum of 6 months after the SAH |
- Olfactory loss was reported by 35 patients - 9 (26%) patients with olfactory loss did not report improvements in the function - 20 (57%) patients with olfactory loss presented full recovery of the function - 3 (8.5%) patients with olfactory loss presented partial improvements of the function - 3 patients did not know how to inform improvements in the function |
Aydin et al., 199620. Aydin IH, Kadioğlu HH, Tüzün Y, Kayaoğlu CR, Takçi E, Oztürk M. Postoperative anosmia after anterior communicating artery aneurysms surgery by the pterional approach. Minim Invasive Neurosurg. 1996;39(3):71-3.
2020. Aydin IH, Kadioğlu HH, Tüzün Y, Kayaoğlu CR, Takçi E, Oztürk M. Postoperative anosmia after anterior communicating artery aneurysms surgery by the pterional approach. Minim Invasive Neurosurg. 1996;39(3):71-3.
|
Turkey |
n=100 (54 women and 46 men); two patients without SAH.; 18-72 years of age |
Right pterional craniotomy |
- The vapor of saturated phenyl ethyl alcohol was used - Threshold olfctoy test for butanol (two bottles, one with aqueous solution of butanol and another with water, for the identification of the odorant) |
30 days after surgery |
- Olfactory dysfunction in 15 patients (15% of the sample) was observed, considering 8 of them showed a decrease in smell and 7 of them, absence of it - 9 cases of olfactory dysfunction were in the ipsilateral side of the operation, 2 in the contralateral side, and 4 bilaterally - There was no relation of the olfactory alteration with the time of the surgery, treatment with mannitol and cerebral edema |
Eriksen et al., 199018. Eriksen KD, Bøge-Rasmussen T, Kruse-Larsen C. Anosmia following operation for cerebral aneurysms in the anterior circulation. J Neurosurg. 1990;72(6):864-5.
1818. Eriksen KD, Bøge-Rasmussen T, Kruse-Larsen C. Anosmia following operation for cerebral aneurysms in the anterior circulation. J Neurosurg. 1990;72(6):864-5.
|
Denmark |
n=25 (16 women and 9 men); 24 patients were diagnosed with SAH; 1 patient was diagnosed as not having SAH; 35-64 years of age (mean age of 49 years) |
Frontotemporal surgery |
- Mean observation period: 35.1 months - Subjective evaluation on olfactory alterations - Modified olfactometry using vapor of saturated phenyl ethyl alcohol - Sniff Test |
Not informed |
- In the subjective evaluation, 4 patients showed olfactory alterations - In the objective evaluation was revealed that 22 patients showed anosmia - In all cases, the anosmia was found in the operated side |