Forouzanfar et al. (2016)(11 Forouzanfar MH, Afshin A, Alexander LT, Anderson HR, Bhutta ZA, Biryukov S, et al. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet. 2016;388(10053):1659-724. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31679-8. PMid:27733284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)...
) and Adera (1993)(2121 Adera T, Donahue AM, Malit BD, Gaydos JC. An epidemiologic method for assessing the effectiveness of hearing conservation programs using audiometric data. Mil Med. 1993;158(11):698-701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/158.11.698. PMid:8284053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/158.11....
)
|
CBA |
Various occupations, Military, USA |
HLPP |
HL |
Long-term |
Adera et al. (2000)(1111 Adera T, Amir C, Anderson L. Use of comparison populations for evaluating the effectiveness of hearing loss prevention programs. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 2000;61(1):11-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1202/0002-8894(2000)061<0011:UOCPFE>2.0.CO;2. PMid:10772609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1202/0002-8894(2000...
)
|
CBA |
Various occupations, n = 19,640, 1 company, USA |
HLPP |
HL |
Long-term |
Berg et al. (2009)(2222 Berg RL, Pickett W, Fitz-Randolph M, Broste SK, Knobloch MJ, Wood DJ, et al. Hearing conservation program for agricultural students: short-term outcomes from a cluster-randomised trial with planned long-term follow-up. Prev Med. 2009;49(6):546-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.09.020. PMid:19800914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.0...
)
|
RCT |
Agricultural students involved in farm work, n = 753, 34 schools, USA |
HLPP |
HL |
Long-term |
Brink et al. (2002)(2323 Brink LL, Talbott EO, Burks JA, Palmer CV. Changes over time in audiometric thresholds in a group of automobile stamping and assembly workers with a hearing conservation program. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 2002;63(4):482-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15428110208984737. PMid:12486782. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15428110208984...
)
|
CBA |
Automobile workers, n = 264, 1 company, USA |
HPD |
HL |
Long-term |
Davies et al. (2008)(77 Davies H, Marion S, Teschke K. The impact of hearing conservation programs on incidence of noise-induced hearing loss in Canadian workers. Am J Ind Med. 2008;51(12):923-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20634. PMid:18726988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20634...
)
|
CBA |
Lumber mills workers, n = 22,376, Canada, British Columbia |
HLPP |
HL |
Long-term |
Erlandsson et al. (1980)(2424 Erlandsson B, Hakanson H, Ivarsson A, Nilsson P. The difference in protection efficiency between earplugs and earmuffs. An investigation performed at a workplace. Scand Audiol. 1980;9(4):215-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01050398009076356. PMid:7466283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01050398009076...
)
|
CBA |
Shipyard workers, n = 40, 1 shipyard, Sweden |
HPD |
HL |
Long-term |
Gosztonyi (1975)(2525 Gosztonyi RE Jr. The effectiveness of hearing protective devices. J Occup Med. 1975;17(9):569-80. PMid:1165499.)
|
CBA |
Various occupations in 1 company, n = 142, USA |
HLPP |
HL |
Long-term |
Hager et al. (1982)(2626 Hager WL, Hoyle ER, Hermann0 ER. Efficacy of enforcement in an industrial hearing conservation program. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1982;43(6):455-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15298668291410035. PMid:7113926. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15298668291410...
)
|
CBA |
Various workers, n = 43, 1 company, USA |
HLPP |
HL |
Long-term |
Heyer et al. (2011)(2727 Heyer N, Morata TC, Pinkerton LE, Brueck SE, Stancescu D, Panaccio MP, et al. Use of historical data and a novel metric in the evaluation of the effectiveness of hearing conservation program components. Occup Environ Med. 2011;68(7):510-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.2009.053801. PMid:21059594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.2009.05380...
)
|
CBA |
Workers, n = 6483, 2 automotive plants, 1 food-processing plant, USA |
HLPP |
HL |
Long-term |
Horie (2002)(2828 Horie S. Improvement of occupational noise-induced temporary threshold shift by active noise control earmuff and bone conduction microphone. J Occup Health. 2002;44(6):414-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1539/joh.44.414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1539/joh.44.414...
)
|
CBA |
Steel industry quality check workers, n = 12, 1 company, Japan |
HPD |
HL |
Immediate |
Huttunen et al. (2011)(2929 Huttunen KH, Sivonen VP, Poykko VT. Symphony orchestra musicians’ use of hearing protection and attenuation of custom-made hearing protectors as measured with two different real-ear attenuation at threshold methods. Noise Health. 2011;13(51):176-88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1463-1741.77210. PMid:21368443. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1463-1741.7721...
)
|
CBA |
Orchestra, n = 10, Finland |
HPD |
NE |
Immediate |
Joy and Middendorf (2007)(88 Joy G, Middendorf PJ. Noise exposure and hearing conservation in US coal mines, a surveillance report. J Occup Environ Hyg. 2007;4(1):26-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15459620601067209. PMid:17162478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15459620601067...
)
|
ITS |
Coal mines, Workplace measurements n = 142,735 Whole mining branch, USA |
Legislation |
NE |
Long-term |
Lee-Feldstein (1993)(3030 Lee-Feldstein A. Five-year follow-up study of hearing loss at several locations within a large automobile company. Am J Ind Med. 1993;24(1):41-54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700240105. PMid:8352292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.470024010...
)
|
CBA |
Automobile workers, n = 11,435, 1 company, USA |
HLPP |
HL |
Long-term |
Meyer and Wirth (1993)(3131 Meyer GD, Wirth DB. An evaluation of the U.S. Air Force’s detailed follow-up audiometric examination program. Mil Med. 1993;158(9):603-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/158.9.603. PMid:8232998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/158.9.6...
)
|
CBA |
Various occupations, n = 1377, Military, USA |
HLPP |
HL |
Long-term |
Moshammer et al. 2015(3232 Moshammer H, Kundi M, Wallner P, Herbst A, Feuerstein A, Hutter HP. Early prognosis of noise-induced hearing loss. Occup Environ Med. 2015;72(2):85-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2014-102200. PMid:25063775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2014-102...
)
|
CBA |
Fitters and welders, n = 125, steel factory, Austria |
HPD |
HL |
Immediate |
Muhr et al. (2006)(1313 Muhr P, Månsson B, Hellström PA. A study of hearing changes among military conscripts in the Swedish army. Int J Audiol. 2006;45(4):247-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14992020500190052. PMid:16684706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14992020500190...
)
|
CBA |
Army conscripts, n = 885, Military, Sweden |
HPD |
HL |
Short term |
Muhr et al. (2016)(3333 Muhr P, Johnson AC, Skoog B, Rosenhall U. A demonstrated positive effect of a hearing conservation program in the Swedish armed forces. Int J Audiol. 2016;55(3):168-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14992027.2015.1117662. PMid:26754548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14992027.2015....
)
|
CBA |
Army conscripts, n= 1234, Military, Sweden |
HLPP |
HL |
Short term |
Nilsson (1980)(3434 Nilsson R, Lindgren F. The effect of long term use of hearing protectors in industrial noise. Scand Audiol Suppl. 1980;(Suppl 12):204-11. PMid:6939090.)
|
CBA |
Ship builders, n = 231, Sweden, 1 shipyard |
HPD |
HL |
Long-term |
Pääkkönen et al. (1998)(3535 Pääkkönen R, Lehtomaki K, Savolainen S. Noise attenuation of communication hearing protectors against impulses from assault rifle. Mil Med. 1998;163(1):40-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/163.1.40. PMid:9465571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/163.1.4...
)
|
CBA |
Shooter, n=5, Military, Finland |
HPD |
NE |
Immediate |
Pääkkönen et al. (2001)(3636 Pääkkönen R, Kuronen P, Korteoja M. Active noise reduction in aviation helmets during a military jet trainer test flight. Scand Audiol Suppl. 2001;52(52):177-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/010503901300007452. PMid:11318460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01050390130000...
)
|
CBA |
Air combat plane, n = 2, Military, Finland |
HPD |
NE |
Immediate |
Park and Casali (1991) instruction(3737 Park MY, Casali JG. A controlled investigation of in-field attenuation performance of selected insert, earmuff, and canal cap hearing protectors. Hum Factors. 1991;33(6):693-714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001872089103300606. PMid:1800294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00187208910330...
)
|
RCT |
Various workers, n = 40, several companies, USA |
HPD |
HL |
Immediate |
Park and Casali (1991) protection(3737 Park MY, Casali JG. A controlled investigation of in-field attenuation performance of selected insert, earmuff, and canal cap hearing protectors. Hum Factors. 1991;33(6):693-714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001872089103300606. PMid:1800294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00187208910330...
)
|
RCT |
Various workers, n = 40, several companies, USA |
HPD |
HL |
Immediate |
Pell (1973)(1010 Pell S. An evaluation of hearing conservation program - a five-year longitudinal study. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1973;34(2):82-91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0002889738506811. PMid:4715098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00028897385068...
)
|
CBA |
Various workers, n = 1572, 1 company, USA |
HLPP |
HL |
Long-term |
Rabinowitz et al. 2011(99 Rabinowitz PM, Galusha D, Kirsche SR, Cullen MR, Slade MD, Dixon-Ernst C. Effect of daily noise exposure monitoring on annual rates of hearing loss in industrial workers. Occup Environ Med. 2011;68(6):414-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.2010.055905. PMid:21193566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.2010.05590...
)
|
CBA /ITS |
Various workers of an aluminium smelter, n = 312 |
HLPP |
NE, HL |
Long-term |
Reynolds et al. (1990)(3838 Reynolds JL, Royster LH, Pearson RG. Hearing conservation programs (HCPs): the effectiveness of one company’s HCP in a 12-hr work shift environment. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1990;51(8):437-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15298669091369907. PMid:2392973. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15298669091369...
)
|
CBA |
Workers, n = 852, 1 company in the chemical industry, USA |
HLPP |
HL |
Long-term |
Royster (1980)(3939 Royster LH. An evaluation of the effectiveness of two different insert types of ear protection in preventing TTS in an industrial environment. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1980;41(3):161-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15298668091424546. PMid:7395724. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15298668091424...
)
|
CBA |
Workers, n = 70, various occupations, USA |
HPD |
HL |
Immediate |
Salmani et al. (2014)(4040 Salmani Nodoushan M, Mehrparvar AH, Torab Jahromi M, Safaei S, Mollasadeghi A. Training in using earplugs or using earplugs with a higher than necessary noise reduction rating? A randomized clinical trial. Int J Occup Environ Med. 2014;5(4):187-93. PMid:25270008.)
|
RCT |
Workers, n = 150, Iran |
HPD |
NE |
Immediate |
Seixas et al. (2011)(1414 Seixas NS, Neitzel R, Stover B, Sheppard L, Daniell B, Edelson J, et al. A multi-component intervention to promote hearing protector use among construction workers. Int J Audiol. 2011;50(Suppl 1):s46-56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14992027.2010.525754. PMid:21091403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14992027.2010....
)
|
RCT |
Construction workers, n = 176, USA |
HPD |
NE |
Short term |
Simpson et al. (1994)(4141 Simpson TH, Stewart M, Kaltenbach JA. Early indicators of hearing conservation program performance. J Am Acad Audiol. 1994;5(5):300-6. PMid:7987019.)
|
CBA |
Various occupations, n = 13283, 21 companies, USA |
HLPP |
HL |
Long-term |