| Hovland et al.1717 Hovland A., Nordhus IH, Sjøbø T, Gjestad BA, Birknes B, Martinsen EW, et al. Comparing physical exercise in groups to group cognitive behaviour therapy for the treatment of panic disorder in a randomized controlled trial. Behav Cogn Psychother. 2013;41(4):408-32.
|
PE= 17(38,1 ±8,6 years)
CBT= 19 (37,8 ± 8,9 years) |
PE
Day 1 - aerobic exercise (walk and/or run), three weekly sessions, 60minutes, and with 60%-80% of HRmax
Day 2- circuit training (nine exercises, 15-second break between each exercises and 2-minutes break between each circuit)
Day 3- sports and play with 60 minutes
CBT Emphasis on cognitive restructuring and behavioural experiments, one weekly session, and two hours per session |
PE
17,6% BZD 41,2% SSRIs
CBT 10,5% BZD 31,6% SSRIs |
12 week, and 6 to 12 months of follow-up |
PE
Physiotherapist, Occupational Therapist and Nurse;
CBT specialist clinical psychologist |
DSM-IV/ not mentioned |
Mi
ACQ
BSQ |
80,6% agoraphobia 38,9% Major depression |
Yes |
Mi-Alone, Mi-Accompanied, and BSQ
Interaction for group x moment for CBT group after treatment. Main effect to moment, revealed increased after treatment, and follow-up compared to baseline.
ACQ
Main effect to moment, with decreased compared to baseline |
| Wedekind et al.1818 Wedekind D, Broocks A, Weiss N, Engel K, Neubert K, Bandelow B. A randomized, controlled trial of aerobic exercise in combination with paroxetine in the treatment of panic disorder. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2010;11(7):904-13.
|
GEP=5
GEPL=5
GRP = 4
GRPL= 1 |
Exercise
Running, three weekly sessions, 45 minutes, and with 70% of V02max
Drug
20 mg of paroxetine or placebo per day (two weeks); 40 mg of paroxetine or placebo per day (3ª to 10ª week)
Relaxation
Autogenic Training, once a week, and 5 to 20 minutes at the end of the study |
Promethazine (25-50 mg) in cases of panic attack |
10 weeks |
Exercise
Coach
Relaxation
Trainer |
DSM-IV ICD-10/PAS (minimum= 18 points) |
P&A |
Not mentioned |
Yes |
P&A
The use of paroxetine was more effcient the fourth week com pa red to placebo;
Compared exercise vs relaxation, after four week there was an improvement in the exercise group greater than relaxation |
| Broocks et al.1515 Broocks A, Bandelow B, Pekrun G, George A, Meyer T, Bartmann U, et al. Comparison of aerobic exercise, clomipramine, and placebo in the treatment of panic disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1998;155(5):603-9.
|
GE = 11
Clom = 15
Control = 11 |
Exercise
First week-three or four weekly sessions, and 4 miles Second week- short run (2 to4 minutes), and 4 miles Third week- Gradual increase of running Forth week- Encouraged to run
Clomipramine
First week- one capsules per day (37,5 mg); Second week- two capsules per day (37,5 mg); Third- 3 capsules per day (37,5 mg); Forth week- 3 capsules per day (37,5 mg)
Control
Placebo pills |
Promethazine (25-50 mg) in cases of panic attack |
10 weeks |
Exercise Trainer |
DSM-III ICD-10/ not mentioned |
HAMA P&A (Obser- ver-Rated) P&A (Patient- -Rated) |
Not mentioned |
Yes |
HAMA
Improvements in Clom vs Control (6th, 8th, and 10thweek)
Improvements in GE vs Control (8th, and 10th week)
P&A (Observer-Rated)
Improvements in Clom vs Control (4th, 6th, 8th, and 10th week) Improvements in Clom vs GE (6th, and 8th week)
Improvements in GE vs Control (8th, and 10th week)
P&A (Patient-Rated)
Improvements in Clom vs Contr (4th, 6th, and 8th week)
Improvements in Clom vs GE (6th, and 8th week) Improvements in GE vs Control (10th week) |
| Merom et al.2121 Merom D, Phongsavan P, Wagner R, Chey T, Marnane C, Steel Z, et al. Promoting walking as an adjunct intervention to group cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders--a pilot group randomized trial. J Anxiety Disord. 2008;22(6):959-68.
|
CBT + Exercise= 38 (34% TP)
CBT+ ED=36 (36% TP) |
CBT
90 minutes
Exercise
30 minutes, 150 minutes per week, and moderate intensity self-selected by individual
Educational (Contr)
Healthy eating guidance |
Not mentioned |
8 weeks |
Exercise
Trainer
CBT
Psychologist experienced |
DSM-IV/not mentioned |
DASS-21 |
Not mentioned |
Yes |
DASS-21
No change in patients with PD |
| Meyer et al.1313 Meyer T, Broocks A, Bandelow B, Hillmer-Vogel U, Rüther E. Endurance training in panic patients: spiroergometric and clinical effects. Int J Sports Med. 1998;19(7):496-502.
|
GPE= 15
GPC= 15
GPPL= 15
HCG=11 |
Exercise
Running, 3x per week, 45 to 60 minutes, and not mentioned intensity |
No medication |
10 weeks |
Exercise Experienced runner |
DSM-III/ P&A (Patient--Rated) mean= 25 points
PAS (Observer--Rated) mean= 25.4 points)
HAMA (mean = 22.6 points) |
HAMA
P&A (Obser-ver-Rated)
P&A (Patient-Rated) |
Not mentioned |
Yes |
HAMA
Improvements in GPC vs GPPL (6th, and 10th week)
Improvements in GPE vs GPPL (6th, and 10th week)
P&A (Observer-Rated)
Improvements in GPC vs GPPL, and GPE (6th week)
Improvements in GPC, and GPE vs GPPL (10th week)
P&A (Patient-Rated)
Improvements in GPC vs GPPL, and GPE (6th week)
Improvements in GPC e GPE vs GPPL (10th week) |
