Ley et al.1515 Ley RE, Turnbaugh PJ, Klein S, Gordon JI. Microbial ecology: human gut microbes associated with obesity. Nature. 2006;444(7122):1022-3. DOI:10.1038/nature4441022a. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature4441022a...
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Obese adults |
Diets with fat or carbohydrate restriction. Monitoring of microbiota for 1 year (sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene) |
As weight loss was increased, there was absolute reduction in Firmicutes and increase in Bacteroidetes, regardless of the type of diet. |
Nadal et al.2424 Nadal I, Santacruz A, Marcos A, Warnberg J, Garagorri JM, Moreno LA, et al. Shifts in clostridia, bacteroides and immunoglobulin-coating fecal bacteria associated with weight loss in obese adolescents. Int J Obes. 2009;33(7):758-67. DOI:10.1038/ijo.2008.260. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2008.260...
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Obese and overweight adolescents |
Longitudinal study intervention (diet and increased caloric expenditure) for 10 weeks |
Reduction in the species C. histoliticum, C. coccoides and E. rectale in those who lost weight. |
Santacruz et al.2525 Santacruz A, Marcos A, Warnberg J, Marti A, Martin-Matillas M, Campoy C, et al. Interplay between weight loss and gut microbiota composition in overweight adolescents. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009;17(10):1906-15. Interplay between weight loss and gut microbiota composition in overweight adolescents.
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Overweight adolescents |
Longitudinal study intervention (diet and increased caloric expenditure) for 10 weeks |
In the group with the highest weight loss, there was an increase of B. fragilis and Lactobacillus and reduction B. longum and C. coccoides
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Duncan et al.2626 Duncan SH, Lobley GE, Holtrop G, Ince J, Johnstone AM, Louis P, et al. Human colonic microbiota associated with diet, obesity and weight loss. Int J Obes. 2008;32(11):1720-4. DOI:10.1038/ijo.2008.155. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2008.155...
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Obese adults |
Individuals ubmitted or not to the weight loss program for 4 weeks Longitudinal study intervention (diet) for 4 weeks |
Significant reduction of Firmicutes in the feces of those who underwent weight loss |
Turnbaugh et al.2727 Turnbaugh PJ, Hamady M, Yatsunenko T, Cantarel BL, Duncan A, Ley RE, et al. A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins. Nature. 2009;457(7228):480-4. DOI:10.1038/nature07540. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07540...
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Identical twin adult women or not corresponding to obesity or eutrophic mothers Adult female monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs concordant for leanness or obesity |
Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to characterize the microbiome. |
Microbiome is shared among family members, with some variation between twins, but maintained a "core microbiome". Obesity was associated with changes in phyla and lower bacterial diversity. |
Kasai et al.2828 Kasai C, Sugimoto K, Moritani I, Tanaka J, Oya Y, Inoue H, et al. Comparison of the gut microbiota composition between obese and non-obese individuals in a Japanese population, as analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and next-generation sequencing. BMC Gastroenterol. 2015;15:100. DOI:10.1186/s12876-015-0330-2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-015-0330-...
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Japanese population, obese and non-obese |
Stool samples. T-RFLP polymorfism |
Reduced Bacteroidetes and higher Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio in obese subjects. |