The effects of supplemental nitrogen and calcium on the quality and postharvest life of cut gerbera

Milani, Marília; Pradella, Elisandra Maria; Heintze, Willian; Schafer, Gilmar; Bender, Renar João

doi:10.1590/2447-536X.v25i4.2028

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Scientific Article • Ornam. Hortic. 25 (4) • Oct-Dec 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536X.v25i4.2028 copy

The effects of supplemental nitrogen and calcium on the quality and postharvest life of cut gerbera

Os efeitos suplementares de nitrogênio e cálcio na qualidade e vida pós-colheita de gérbera de corte

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen (N) and calcium (Ca), complementary to the complete fertilization established, on production, quality and postharvest shelf life of floral stems of gerbera as cut flower harvested 117 days after transplant. The experiment consisted of a combination of three doses of N.L⁻¹ substrate (0.07 g, 0.15 g and 0.2 g) and three doses of Ca.L⁻¹ substrate (0.02 g; 0.03 g and 0.04 g) and was conducted in a greenhouse in a bifactorial arrangement with an additional control treatment. Control plants were not supplemented with N or Ca. Both elements were diluted in water and applied manually every 15 days. Highest flower yields were obtained with application 0.2 g de N.L⁻¹ substrate and 0.04 g Ca.L⁻¹ substrate. Stem length, stem diameter, flower diameter, and longevity, relative fresh weight and solution uptake were highest in gerbera fertilized with 0.2 g de N.L⁻¹ substrate and 0.04 g Ca.L⁻¹ substrate. Applying every 15 days, 0.2 g of N.L⁻¹ substrate and 0.04 g of Ca.L⁻¹ substrate resulted in higher yields, better quality and postharvest shelf life of floral stems of gerbera as cut flower harvested 117 days after transplant.

Keywords:
Gerbera hybrida Hort; fertilization; flower longevity

Causes of Variation	G.L	NF	TH
Blocks	3	0,10^ns ** and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	40,60^ and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.
N	2	2,54^ and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	15,73^ and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.
Ca	2	3,85^ and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	10,09^ and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.
N × Ca	4	0,30^ns ** and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	3,32^ns ** and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.
Factorial vs Ad.	1
Error	27	0,64	1,93
Overall Average		6,11	4,10
CV (%)		13,11	13,91
		CH	DH	DC	L
Blocks	3	9,19^ns ** and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	0,30^ns ** and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	0,44^ns ** and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	8,86^ns ** and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.
N	2	44,61^ and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	0,72^ and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	0,88^ and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	102,58^ and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.
Ca	2	33,58^ and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	1,16^ and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	0,95^ and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	146,74^ and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.
N × Ca	4	4,39^ns ** and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	0,21^ns ** and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	0,05^ns ** and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	6,54^ns ** and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.
Error	24	9,43	0,21	0,20	18,32
Overall Average		35,34	5,50	9,82	16,08
CV (%)		8,85	8,35	4,59	16,62
		MF	A
Blocks	3	2092,98^ and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	0,03^ns ** and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.
N	2	2772,3^ and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	0,12^ and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.
Ca	2	2495,07^ and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	0,22^ and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.
Time^* * 2, 5; 7; 9; 12; 15 or 18 days after harvest of floral stems.	6	11163,98^ and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	1,22^ and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.
N × Ca × Time	24	224,87^ns ** and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	0,01^ns ** and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.
N × Ca	4	1293,47^ns ** and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	0,02^ns ** and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.
N × Time	12	30,33^ns ** and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	0,005^ns ** and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.
Ca × Time	12	218,57^ns ** and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.	0,02^ns ** and ns significant at 5% probability and not significant, respectively.
Error	186	554,46	0,03
Overall Average		81,21	0,46
CV (%)		18,99	25,23

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[1] *Corresponding author: mariliakmilani@gmail.com