Pain threshold between men and women with different fat masses and percentages

Mariani, Laísa; Silva, Cecília Felix da; Buzanello, Márcia Rosângela; Bertolini, Gladson Ricardo Flor

doi:10.5935/2595-0118.20200007

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • BrJP 3 (1) • Jan-Mar 2020 • https://doi.org/10.5935/2595-0118.20200007 copy

Pain threshold between men and women with different fat masses and percentages

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

There is a data gap regarding cold pain and pressure pain in healthy young individuals. The present study aimed to compare cold pain threshold and intensity and pressure threshold in young men and women with different fat percentages.

METHODS:

The study included 30 men and 42 women aged between 18 and 25 years, divided into two groups: normal - body mass index ≤24.9 and overweight - ≥25. Fat percentage was estimated by tetrapolar bioimpedance, pain-pressure threshold by pressure algometer, cold pain threshold was timed, and the intensity measured by the visual analog scale.

RESULTS:

The intensity of pain caused by cold showed no significant difference between groups, as well as the cold pain threshold and the initial and final pain threshold. The same behavior happened within the men and women groups. When comparing the difference between genders, pressure pain and cold pain thresholds had significant differences. Pain intensity did not differ between genders.

CONCLUSION:

Fat percentage did not affect the response time of cold pain and pressure pain thresholds and pain intensity in young adults. When considering gender, although the cold pain threshold in men was higher than in women, pain intensity was similar.

Keywords:
Body mass index; Obesity; Pain measurement

Variables	BMI Groups	Mean and standard deviation	p-value
Age (years)	Normal Overweight	20.6±1.7 21.9±2.1	0,0032^* * significant at the level of p<0.05.
Body mass (kg)	Normal Overweight	60.5±9.6 84±11.79	<0.0001^* * significant at the level of p<0.05.
Height (m)	Normal Overweight	1.71±0.076 1.7±0.096	0.240 (ns)
Body mass index (kg/m²)	Normal Overweight	20.47±2.31 29.11±3.81	<0.0001^* * significant at the level of p<0.05.

	BMI	Mean and SD	p-value	Gender	Mean and SD	p-value
Body water (%)	Normal	16.89±5.14	<0.0001^* * Significant at the level of significance p <0.05; ns = not significant.	M	18.33±7.22	<0.0001^* * Significant at the level of significance p <0.05; ns = not significant.
Body water (%)	Overweight	30.44±9.68		F	26.76±10.81
Body fat mass (kg)	Normal	10.24±3.7	<0.0001^* * Significant at the level of significance p <0.05; ns = not significant.	M	14.70±7.58	0.0341^* * Significant at the level of significance p <0.05; ns = not significant.
Body fat mass (kg)	Overweight	25.39±10.95		F	19.17±12.79
Body mass index	Normal	20.47±2.31	<0.0001^* * Significant at the level of significance p <0.05; ns = not significant.	M	24.23±3.67	0.424 (ns)
Body mass index	Overweight	29.08±3.83		F	24.43±6.36	0.424 (ns)
Basal metabolic rate (kg)	Normal	1590.1±212.3	0.016^* * Significant at the level of significance p <0.05; ns = not significant.	M	1884.9±167.7	<0.0001^* * Significant at the level of significance p <0.05; ns = not significant.
Basal metabolic rate (kg)	Overweight	1726.4±306.7		F	1496.4±201.5
Lean mass (kg)	Normal	50.27±8.48	0.0006^* * Significant at the level of significance p <0.05; ns = not significant.	M	62.17±8.42	<0.0001^* * Significant at the level of significance p <0.05; ns = not significant.
Lean mass (kg)	Overweight	58.44±11.7		F	48.02±8.46
Lean mass (%)	Normal	83.14±5.13	<0.0001^* * Significant at the level of significance p <0.05; ns = not significant.	M	80.70±7.26	0.0003^* * Significant at the level of significance p <0.05; ns = not significant.
Lean mass (%)	Overweight	70.09±10.83		F	72.79±11.58
Body water (LT)	Normal	36.8±6.2	0.0005^* * Significant at the level of significance p <0.05; ns = not significant.	M	45.40±6.13	<0.0001^* * Significant at the level of significance p <0.05; ns = not significant.
Body water (LT)	Overweight	43.16±9.87		F	35.36±8
Body water (%)	Normal	60.87±3.73	<0.0001^* * Significant at the level of significance p <0.05; ns = not significant.	M	58.97±5.20	0.0005^* * Significant at the level of significance p <0.05; ns = not significant.
Body water (%)	Overweight	51.15±8.77		F	53.10±9.12

Variables	Groups	Mean and SD	p-value
Pain threshold to cold (seconds)	Normal	75.3±106	0.258 (ns)
Pain threshold to cold (seconds)	Overweight	93.1±125.1	0.258 (ns)
Pain threshold at initial pressure (Kgf)	Normal	3.929±3.871	0.299 (ns)
Pain threshold at initial pressure (Kgf)	Overweight	4.407±38.15	0.299 (ns)
Pain threshold at final pressure (Kgf)	Normal	3.291±2.996
Pain threshold at final pressure (Kgf)	Overweight	4.297±3.791

Gender	Pain threshold at initial pressure (Kgf)	Pain threshold at final pressure (Kgf)	p-value
Male	7,633±3,156	6,966±2,684	0.065 (ns)
Female	0,928±0,866	0,881±0,861	0.299 (ns)

Variables	Gender	N	Mean and SD	P value
Pain threshold at initial pressure (Kgf)	F	42	0.928±0,866	<0.0001^* * significant at 0.05.
Pain threshold at initial pressure (Kgf)	M	30	7.633±3,156	<0.0001^* * significant at 0.05.
Pain threshold at final pressure (Kgf)	F	42	0.881±0,861	<0.0001^* * significant at 0.05.
Pain threshold at final pressure (Kgf)	M	30	6.966±2.684	<0.0001^* * significant at 0.05.
Pain threshold at cold (s)	F	42	18±10.9	<0.0001^* * significant at 0.05.
Pain threshold at cold (s)	M	30	176.8±131.3	<0.0001^* * significant at 0.05.
Visual analogue scale (0-100mm)	F	42	4±2.2	0.47 (ns)
Visual analogue scale (0-100mm)	M	30	4.1±1.8	0.47 (ns)

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[1] Correspondence to: Rua Universitária, 2069 - Jardim Universitário 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brasil. E-mail: gladsonricardo@gmail.com