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Evaluating the modal split of overland transportation of general cargo in Brazil using a market share model

Avaliando a divisão modal do transporte terrestre de carga geral no Brasil usando um modelo de market share

Abstracts

This paper presents a methodology developed to evaluate the modal split of land transport of general cargo in Brazil and possible reasons for the prevalence of road transport over rail, using a market share model. No studies were found using the market share model for planning cargo transport, in spite of its generic nature which makes it readily applicable to any market, service, utility or commodity. The methodology was applied in three transport corridors, two groups of general cargo and enabled us to establish that Brazilian rail operations are still uncompetitive in terms of logistics costs when transporting general cargo of high aggregate value. Moreover, transport supply is a determinant factor for the greater use of road transport in Brazil's general cargo transport matrix, and the demand for general cargo transport in Brazil is elastic in relation to this factor. For low aggregate value general cargo (AV1), a 1% reduction in the gap between road and railway supply leads to an increase in the railway market share of 4.5% through TC1 (São Paulo -Porto Alegre -São Paulo), 4.9% through TC2 (Santos -Brasilia -Santos), and 3.3% through TC3(São Paulo -Rio de Janeiro -São Paulo). For high aggregate value general cargo (AV2), this elasticity was more pronounced. A 1% reduction in the gap between road and railway transport supply leads to an increase in the railway market share of 4.2% through TC1, 11.9% through TC2, and 9.6% through TC3.

modal split; overland transport of general cargo; market share model; logistics costs; transport supply


O artigo apresenta metodologia desenvolvida para avaliar a divisão modal do transporte terrestre de carga geral no Brasil e possíveis razões para a prevalência do transporte rodoviário sob o transporte ferroviário, usando um modelo de market share. Não foram encontrados estudos que utilizaram o modelo de market share para o planejamento de transporte de carga, apesar de sua natureza genérica que permite que ele seja aplicado a qualquer mercado, serviço, utilidade ou produto. A metodologia foi aplicada em três corredores de transporte, dois grupos de carga geral e permitiu entender que as operações ferroviárias brasileiras continuam pouco competitivas em termos de custos logísticos para o transporte de carga geral de alto valor agregado. Além disso, constatou-se que a oferta de transporte é um fator determinante para o maior uso do transporte rodoviário na matriz de transporte de carga geral e que a demanda para o transporte de carga geral é elástica a esse fator. Para cargas de baixo valor agregado (VA1), a redução de 1% no gap entre oferta de transporte rodoviária e ferroviária leva a um aumento de 4,5% no market share ferroviário no CT1 (São Paulo -Porto Alegre -São Paulo), 4,9% no CT2 (Santos -Brasília -Santos) e 3,3% no CT3(São Paulo -Rio de Janeiro -São Paulo). Para cargas de alto valor agregado (VA2) a elasticidade foi mais intensa. A redução de 1% no gap entre oferta de transporte rodoviária e ferroviária leva a um aumento no market share ferroviário de 4,2% no CT1, 119% no CT2 e 9,6% no CT3.

divisão modal; transporte terrestre de carga geral; modelo de market share; custos logísticos; oferta de transporte


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Publication Dates

  • Publication in this collection
    18 June 2014
  • Date of issue
    Oct 2014

History

  • Accepted
    13 Oct 2013
  • Received
    01 Feb 2013
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