Flavonoids from Lonchocarpus muehlbergianus

Abstracts

The light petroleum extract from the roots of Lonchocarpus muehlbergianus Hassl contained nine flavonoids, including six new ones. These are 2,4-cis-2,4,5,8-tetramethoxy-(2´´,3´´:6,7)-furanoflavan; 2,4-cis-4-hydroxy-2,5,8-trimethoxy-(2´´,3´´:6,7)-furanoflavan; 2,4-cis-2-prenyloxy-4,5,8-trimethoxy-(2´´,3´´:6,7)-fu-ranoflavan; 2,4-cis-2-prenyloxy-4-hydroxy-5,8-dimethoxy-(2´´,3´´:6,7)-furanoflavan; 2',5',6'-trimethoxy-9-(1,1-dimethylallyoxy)-[2´´,3´´:3´,4´]-furanochalcone; 5,6-dimethoxy-(2´´,3´´:7,8)-furanoflavone, identi-fied by analysis of their spectral data (UV, IR, ¹H and 13C NMR, 2D-NMR, NOE and MS). The natural occurrence of 2,4-dioxygenated flavan derivatives is being reported for the first time. Quantitative analysis of the petrol extract, by using reversed-phase HPLC, showed that the most abundant flavonoid in the extract is 2,4-cis-2,4,5,8- tetramethoxy-(2´´,3´´:6,7)-furanoflavan.

Lonchocarpus muehlbergianus; Leguminosae; flavonoids; flavans

O extrato éter de petróleo das raízes de Lonchocarpus muehlbergianus foi submetido a sucessivas análises cromatográficas (CC, CCD e CDC preparativa) levando ao isolamento de nove flavonóides (1-9) dos quais seis são inéditos na literatura (1-6) destacando-se as quatro flavanas 2,4-dioxigenadas (1-4) que representam uma nova classe de flavonóides. As estruturas moleculares foram determinadas através da análise dos respectivos espectros de RMN ¹H, RMN 13C e DEPT, RMN-2D (COSY, HETCOR e COLOC), NOE, IV, UV e EM. A análise quantitativa por CLAE, mostrou que a nova flavana 1 é o flavonóide que ocorre em maior abundância no extrato.

Lonchocarpus muehlbergianus; Leguminosae; flavonóides; flavanas

CHEMICAL SCIENCES

Flavonoids from Lonchocarpus muehlbergianus

Aderbal F. Magalhães^I; Ana M.G.A. Tozzi^II; Eva G. Magalhães^I; Ivani S. Blanco^I; Maria-Del-Pilar C. Soriano^I

^IDepartamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, UNICAMP, Cx. Postal 6154, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brasil

^IIDepartamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biologia, UNICAMP, Cx. Postal 6109, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brasil

^{Correspondence}

ABSTRACT

The light petroleum extract from the roots of Lonchocarpus muehlbergianus Hassl contained nine flavonoids, including six new ones. These are 2,4-cis-2,4,5,8-tetramethoxy-(2´´,3´´:6,7)-furanoflavan; 2,4-cis-4-hydroxy-2,5,8-trimethoxy-(2´´,3´´:6,7)-furanoflavan; 2,4-cis-2-prenyloxy-4,5,8-trimethoxy-(2´´,3´´:6,7)-fu-ranoflavan; 2,4-cis-2-prenyloxy-4-hydroxy-5,8-dimethoxy-(2´´,3´´:6,7)-furanoflavan; 2',5',6'-trimethoxy-9-(1,1-dimethylallyoxy)-[2´´,3´´:3´,4´]-furanochalcone; 5,6-dimethoxy-(2´´,3´´:7,8)-furanoflavone, identi-fied by analysis of their spectral data (UV, IR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR, 2D-NMR, NOE and MS). The natural occurrence of 2,4-dioxygenated flavan derivatives is being reported for the first time.

Quantitative analysis of the petrol extract, by using reversed-phase HPLC, showed that the most abundant flavonoid in the extract is 2,4-cis-2,4,5,8- tetramethoxy-(2´´,3´´:6,7)-furanoflavan.

Key words:Lonchocarpus muehlbergianus, Leguminosae, flavonoids, flavans.

RESUMO

O extrato éter de petróleo das raízes de Lonchocarpus muehlbergianus foi submetido a sucessivas análises cromatográficas (CC, CCD e CDC preparativa) levando ao isolamento de nove flavonóides (1-9) dos quais seis são inéditos na literatura (1-6) destacando-se as quatro flavanas 2,4-dioxigenadas (1-4) que representam uma nova classe de flavonóides.

As estruturas moleculares foram determinadas através da análise dos respectivos espectros de RMN ¹H, RMN ¹³C e DEPT, RMN-2D (COSY, HETCOR e COLOC), NOE, IV, UV e EM.

A análise quantitativa por CLAE, mostrou que a nova flavana 1 é o flavonóide que ocorre em maior abundância no extrato.

Palavras-chave:Lonchocarpus muehlbergianus, Leguminosae, flavonóides, flavanas.

1 INTRODUCTION

In continuation of our studies on the flavonoids of the Lonchocarpus species (Leguminosae), occurring in Brazil, we have examined L. muehlbergianus Hassl, which was allocated in Lonchocarpus subgenus Punctati together with L. subglaucescens (Magalhães et al. 1996).

Phytochemical data, obtained with several Lonchocarpus species previously investigated, allowed the characterization of many secondary metabolites mainly consisting of flavonoid structural types. Up to the present nothing is found in the literature about the natural occurrence of 2,4-dioxygenated flavans, while in Lonchocarpus, the occurrence of 4-oxygenated flavans, which are rarely found in nature, has only been observed in L. subglaucescens (Magalhães et al. 1996) and L. orotinus (Mahmoud and Waterman 1987). On the other side only three b-hydroxychalcones have been isolated from Lonchocarpus species (Magalhães et al. 1996, Waterman and Mahmoud 1985).

2 MATERIALS AND METHODS

2.1 GENERAL

Melting points were determined on a Kofler block and are uncorrected. IR spectra were recorded in CH₂Cl₂ and as KBr discs, UV spectra in MeOH or CHCl₃. ¹H and ¹³C NMR: run in CDCl₃ with TMS as internal standard; field strength given in text. EIMS: direct probe insert at 70 eV. HREIMS: measurements were made on a VG Auto Spec-Fisions Instrument. HPLC: UV detector, reversed-phase column Varian C18, MCH, 10 mm (300 mm ×4.0 mm) and isocratic elution with CH₃CN:H₂O (70:30) as the mobile phase, at a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min. CC and TLC: silica gel 35-70 mesh, flash chromatography: silica gel 230-400 mesh.

2.2 PLANT MATERIAL

Roots of L. muehlbergianus were collected in the Ecological Park - Unicamp, Campinas (SP) in February 1992. Voucher specimens have been deposited at the herbarium (A.M.G.A. Tozzi 95-30) of Campinas State University (UNICAMP), Campinas-SP, Brazil.

2.3 EXTRACTION AND ISOLATION

Dry roots (931.7 g) of L. muehlbergianus were successively extracted with petrol (30-60ºC), chloroform and methanol in a Soxhlet apparatus. After solvent evaporation, the petrol extract gave a viscous yellow oil (9.9 g), while the chloroform extract gave a brown oil (4.0 g) and the methanol extract gave a brown gum (3.5 g). The petrol extract (9.9 g) was applied to a silica gel column eluted first with petrol. The eluent polarity was gradually increased by addition of ethyl acetate to furnish 230 fractions of 200 mL each which were reduced to 23 groups after TLC analysis. Most of the compounds were found in six groups ranging from fractions 47 to 199. A sample of each was further fractionated by successive preparative TLC (silica gel) respectively run with hexane:diethyl ether (95:05), petrol ether:ethyl acetate (90:10), dichloromethane:methanol (98:02) and dichloromethane:methanol (95:05). Flavonoids were visualized under UV light (l = 254 and 366 nm) and recovered from TLC plates by extraction with mixtures of CH₂Cl₂ and MeOH to furnish compounds 1 (56.0 mg), 2 (12.0 mg), 3 (6.8 mg), 4 (16.0 mg), 5 (3.7 mg), 6 (5.9 mg), 7 (14.3 mg), 8 (11.0 mg) and 9 (7.0 mg). Analogously, a part of the chloroform extract (1 g) furnished compounds 1 (7.0 mg), 2 (1.7 mg), 3 (15.0 mg), 4 (5.0 mg), 5 (3.7 mg), 6 (3.0 mg), 7 (4.3 mg), 8 (11.0 mg) and 9 (3.4 mg).

2.4 2,4-Cis-2,4,5,8-TETRAMETHOXY-(2´´,3´´:6,7)-FURANOFLAVAN (1)

Viscous oil; [a]²⁰_D + 100.59 (CHCl₃; c 21.95); UV (MeOH) l_max (log e): 257 (3.66) nm; IR (CH₂C₂l) n_max 2933, 2833, 1628, 1545, 1484, 1449, 1408, 1364, 1251, 1188, 1159, 1118, 1090, 1054, 1044, 990, 967, 921, 760, 701 cm^-1; ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃/TMS): see Table I; ¹³C NMR (75.4 MHz, CDCl₃): see Table II; EIMS m/z 370 [M] (7), 369 (25), 338 (32), 337 (93), 307 (76), 236 (100), 134 (4), 133 (9), 105 (18), 77 (19), 57 (38). HREIMS m/z: found 370.1333 [M]⁺ (C₂₁H₂₂O₆ requires 370.1416).

2.5 2,4-Cis-4-HYDROXY-2,5,8-TRIMETHOXY-(2´´,3´´:6,7)-FURANOFLAVAN (2)

Viscous oil; [a]²⁰_D + 103.25 (CHCl₃; c 4.45); UV (MeOH) l_max (log e): 257 (3.51) nm; IR (CH₂Cl₂) n_max 3508, 3055, 2932, 2850, 1629, 1545, 1485, 1437, 1407, 1364, 1265, 1189, 1155, 1116, 1063, 991, 736, 702 cm^-1; ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃/ TMS): see Table I; ¹³C NMR (75.4 MHz, CDCl₃): see Table II; EIMS m/z 356 [M⁺] (absent), 307 (5), 222 (100), 207 (49), 179 (2), 134 (5), 105 (16),77 (23). HR-EIMS m/z: found 356.1208 [M]⁺ (C₂₀H₂₀O₆ requires 356.1260).

2.6 2,4-Cis-2-PRENYLOXY-4,5,8-TRIMETHOXY-(2´´,3´´:6,7)-FURANOFLAVAN (3)

Viscous oil; [a]²⁰_D + 60.11 (CHCl₃; c 2.83); IR (CH₂C₂l) n_max 3044, 2922, 1635, 1484, 1364, 1265, 1117, 1065, 736, 703 cm^-1; ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃/TMS): see Table I; ¹³C NMR (75.4 MHz, CDCl₃): see Table II; EIMS m/z 424 [M]⁺ (8), 338 (7), 324 (55), 292 (95), 236 (11), 221 (15), 105 (100), 77 (23), 69 (15).

2.7 2,4-Cis-2-PRENYLOXY-4-HYDROXY-5,8-DIMETHOXY (2´´,3´´:6,7) FURANOFLAVAN (4)

Viscous oil; [a]²⁰_D + 84.18 (CHCl₃; c 5.66); UV (MeOH) n_max (log e): 256 (3.76), 217 (4.31) nm; IR (CH₂Cl₂) n_max 3526, 2924, 2852, 1627, 1485, 1353, 1247, 1150, 1113, 1061, 989, 761, 738, 700 cm^-1; ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃/TMS): see Table I; ¹³C NMR (75.4 MHz, CDCl₃): see Table II; EIMS m/z (410 [M⁺] (2), 324 (20), 222 (57), 207 (17), 149 (17), 105 (100), 102 (4), 77 (16), 69 (25).

2.8 2',5',6'-TRIMETHOXY-9-(1,1-DIMETHYLALLYOXY)- [2´´,3´´:3´,4´]-FURANOCHALCONE (5)

Viscous oil; UV (MeOH) l_max (log e): 341 (3.50), 272 (4.35), 214 (4.36) nm; ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃/TMS): see Table V; EIMS m/z 422 [M⁺] (absent), 322 (83), 307 (100), 279 (31), 221 (8), 107 (17), 77 (8).

2.9 5,6-DIMETHOXY-(2´´,3´´:7,8)-FURANOFLAVONE (6)

Viscous oil; UV (MeOH) l_max (log e): 350 (3.87), 270 (4.72) nm; IR(CH₂Cl₂) n_max 3450, 3044, 2930, 2855, 1641, 1479, 1450, 1370, 1265, 1195, 1132, 1067, 738, 704 cm^-1; ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃/ TMS): see Table V; ¹³C NMR (75.4 MHz, CDCl₃): see Table II; EIMS m/z 322 [M⁺] (98), 307 (100), 220 (4), 105 (20), 102 (15), 77 (17).

2.10 2,4-Cis-4,5,6-TRIMETHOXY-(2´´,3´´:7,8)-FURANOFLAVAN (7)

White needles; mp 59-61ºC; [a]²⁰_D - 28,98º (CHCl₃; c 22.0); UV (MeOH) l_max (log e): 292 (3.14), 284 (3.15), 254 (3.86) nm; IR (KBr) n_max 2943, 1627, 1479, 1408, 1365, 1354, 1263, 1195, 1161, 1130, 1108, 1068, 1002, 964, 907, 877, 842, 764, 746, 698 cm^-1; COSY (Table VI); HETCOR (Table VI); COLOC (Table VI) and EIMS m/z 340 [M⁺] (14), 339 (61), 308 (13), 236 (100), 221 (98), 105 (6), 104 (14), 91 (15), 77 (11).

2.11 HYDROLYSIS of 7

To a solution of 1 (17.4 mg) in CHCl₃ (2 ml) was added 1 molL^-1 HCl (0.5 ml). Work-up gave 7a (8.4 mg) and 7b (4.5 mg).

2.12 2,4- Trans-4,5,6-TRIMETHOXY-(2´´,3´´:7,8)-FURANOFLAVAN (7a)

Viscous oil. ¹H NMR spectral data (300 MHz, CDCl₃/TMS): see Table V. ¹³C NMR spectral data (75.4 MHz, CDCl₃): see Table II.

2.13 2,4-Trans-4-HYDROXY-5,6-DIMETHOXY-(2´´,3´´:7,8)-FURANOFLAVAN (7b)

Light yellow needles; mp 126-128ºC; UV (CHCl₃) l_max (log e): 289 (3.39), 283 (3.40), 257 (4.05), 254 (4.06), 216 (4.53) nm; IR (KBr) n_max 3364, 2934, 1618, 1542, 1482, 1348, 1310, 1245, 1067, 954, 761, 699 cm^-1; ¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃/TMS): see Table V; ¹³C NMR (75.4 MHz, CDCl₃): see Table II; EIMS m/z 326 [M+] (12), 308 (8), 293 (6), 222 (95), 207 (100), 192 (14), 179 (5), 164 (8), 147 (12), 104 (13), 77 (25).

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The petrol extract from the roots of L. muehlbergianus was submitted to adsorption chromatographic separation analysis (column, chromatotron, TLC and preparative TLC) furnishing nine flavonoids (1-9, Fig. 1).

Flavans 1-4, showed similar ¹H NMR spectra (Table I) as all of them have resonances for the hydrogens of a furan ring, two aromatic methoxyl groups and an unsubstituted B ring, where two of its hydrogens are deshielded. By comparison with flavan 7 ¹H NMR data (Magalhães et al. 1996), the lack of H-2 signal and a much simpler multiplet in the region expected for C-3 hydrogens, suggest that flavans 1-4 have an OR group (R = methoxyl or prenyl) at C-2 causing the paramagnetic shift of H-2´ and H-6´ hydrogens. The ¹³C NMR spectrum (Table II) and DEPT (90º and 135º) allowed the assignment of all carbons; a peak around d 100 (C_º) in place of a peak around d 77 (CH) was taken as evidence of an OR group at C-2. In the NOE difference spectra irradiation of the methoxyl group hydrogens at C-4 enhanced the signal of one aromatic methoxyl group while irradiation of H-3´´ hydrogens caused enhancement of H-2´´ and of the same aromatic methoxyl group signal, indicating a linear fusion of furan with A ring (Fig. 2).

Flavan 1 was isolated as a yellow oil. Its HREIMS showed a molecular ion [M]⁺ of m/z 370.1333, corresponding to C₂₁H₂₂O₆ (required M⁺ 370.1416). The base peak at m/z 236 [C₁₂H₁₂O₅]⁺corresponds to the fragment bearing A ring from C-ring retro Diels-Alder (RDA) cleavage, while those at m/z 337 (93%) and m/z 307 (76%) can be represented by I and II fragments (Fig. 3). The UV spectrum indicated that the A and B rings are unconjugated. The ¹H NMR spectrum (Table I) also showed the signals of two aliphatic methoxyl groups which were located at C-2 and C-4, in accordance with the double doublets assigned to the H-4 and 2H-3 hydrogens. The respective chemical shifts were confirmed by COSY (Table III) and NOE data (Fig. 4).

Flavan 2 was also isolated as a yellow oiland showed a similar UV spectrum. Its HREIMS showed a molecular ion [M]⁺ of m/z 356.1208, corresponding to C₂₀H₂₀O₆ (required M⁺ 356.1260), which is fourteen mass units lower than flavan 1, suggesting that one methoxyl was replaced by one hydroxyl. The base peak at m/z 222 [C₁₁H₁₀O₅]⁺, originating from RDA cleavage of the C-ring, indicates that the hydroxyl group is part of the fragment including A-ring. The ¹H NMR spectrum (Table I) showed all resonances of the A and B rings that were seen in flavan 1, except for a signal corresponding to an aliphatic methoxyl group and the presence of a much more complex multiplet for H-4 as well as a doublet integrating for one hydrogen which was attributed to a hydroxyl group at C-4. The chemical shifts of C-ring hydrogens and carbons were confirmed by COSY (Table III) and HETCOR (Table III).

The ¹H NMR (Table I) and ¹³C NMR (Table II) spectra of flavans 3 and 4 show the resonances for an O-prenyl group. In the case of flavan 3 there is also a resonance for an aliphatic methoxyl group while in flavan 4 there are the multiplets for a hydroxyl group at C-4 as in flavan 2. The MS spectrum of flavan 3 showed [M]⁺ at m/z 424 while in that of flavan 4 [M⁺] at m/z 410 is again fourteen mass units lower, confirming the replacement of a methoxyl group by a hydroxyl group. Both spectra showed a peak at m/z 324, which can be respectively rationalized by the simultaneous loss of methyl-1,1-dimethyl-1-vinyl ether [CH₃OC(CH₃)₂CH = CH₂] and 1,1-dimethyl-1-vinyl alcohol [HOC(CH₃)₂CH= CH₂] (Fig. 5). The molecular structure was also supported by COSY (Table IV) and NOE differential experiments (Fig. 2).

The buds of Populus nigra excudate (Wollenweber and Egger 1971) furnished 2,5-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone, but the natural occurrence of 2,4-dioxygenated flavans is now being registered for the first time. A recent publication (Knaggs 2000) about the biosynthesis of shikimate metabolites mentions that a (2S)-flavanone 2-hydroxylase is involved in biosynthetic pathways to flavones and dibenzoylmethanes. Based on these findings itseems reasonable to suggest a biogenetic route where a 2-hydroxyflavanone derivative is also reduced to a 4-hydroxy derivative which, in turn, could be further alkylated.

The¹H NMR spectrum of flavonoid 5 (Table V) is very similar to that of dibenzoylmethane 8 (Magalhães et al. 1997) because both have resonances for the hydrogens of an unsubstituted aromatic ring, three aromatic methoxyl groups and one dimethylallyl group. The singlet of a methinic hydrogen on 5, however, is deshielded suggesting a corresponding enol ether. Through a NOE experiment it was observed that irradiation of the H-8 enhanced (21%) H-2 and H-6 signals, while irradiation of H-2 and H-6 has not caused an enhancement of dimethylallyl resonances, suggesting that flavonoid 5 is the Z regioisomer of the corresponding 9-OR enol ether of 8. In the ¹³C NMR spectrum two signals of low intensity at d 191.6 and d 169.1 were attributed to C-7 and C-9, respectively while a signal at d 107,4 was attributed to C-8. Many weak signals in the ¹³C-NMR spectrum may be due to the presence of several tautomeric forms. In the UV spectrum, an additional band at l_max 341 nm was attributed to the cinamoyl system, now present in the enol ether. The main peaks in the MS spectrum can be explained by the simultaneous loss of methoxyl and 1,1-dimethyl-1-vinyl radicals to give a flavone type fragment m/z 322 (83%), followed by the loss of a methyl radical to give the fragment m/z 307 (100%) (Fig. 6).

The UV spectrum of compound 6 suggesteda flavone structure where the bands at l_max 270and 350 nm indicate the presence of benzoyl and cinamoyl systems, respectively. Its IR spectrum exhibited the carbonyl group at 1641 cm^-1. The MS spectrum displayed [M]⁺ at m/z 322 [98%] and the peaks at m/z 307 [100%, M - 15]⁺, 105 [20%, C₇H₅O] and 77 [17%, C₆H₅]⁺. The base peak can be taken as evidence of a methoxyl group on C-6. The ¹H NMR (Table V) and ¹³C NMR (Table II) spectral data are compatible with a flavone analogous of flavan 7.

Flavan 7 was isolated in much lower amounts from L. subglaucescens (Magalhães et al. 1996), when its structure was established by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and NOE data. We now report additional spectral data (UV, IR and MS) including the use of 2D-NMR techniques such as COSY, HETCOR and COLOC (Table VI) which support its molecular constitution. The UV spectrum is in accordance with the lack of conjugation between the aromatic rings while the MS spectrum displayed a molecular ion at m/z 340 [M]⁺, together with peaks at m/z 236 [C₁₂H₁₂O₅]⁺ and 104 [C₈H₈]⁺ corresponding to fragments derived from C ring RDA cleavage. Flavan 7 was submitted to a hydrolysis reaction. After reaction work up two major products were obtained: 7a and 7b while some of the starting material was recovered.

The structure of 7a was deduced through the comparison of its ¹H NMR spectrum with that of flavan 7 (Table V). The summation of the coupling constant values obtained for H-2, H-3 and H-4 signals [J _2,3ax+ J _2,3eq= 14.1 Hz and J _4,3ax(3.0) + J _4,3eq (2.0) = 5.0 Hz], now are nearly those attributed to trans relative configuration. The H-4 signal also appeared as a triplet with a coupling constant of J=3.0 Hz (Clark-Lewis 1968, Bolger et al. 1966). So in flavan 7, the ''triplet'' corresponding to H-4 signal is in fact, a superimposed double doublet. Finally, the downfield chemical shift value of H-2 is strong evidence that it is being deshielded by the 4-OMe group which is on the same side of the C-ring in 7a. These findings suggest that the relative configuration of 4,5,7-trimethoxy-8-prenyl flavan, previously isolated from Tephrosia quercetorum (Gómez-Garibay et al. 1988) is also 2:4-trans, since in its ¹H NMR spectrum the signal at d 5.29 (1H, dd, J= 12 and 4 Hz) is very close to that of H-2 in 7a (Table V).

The ¹H NMR spectrum of 7b (Table V) closely resembled that of 7a, except for the lack of a singlet corresponding to the methoxyl group at C-4 and the presence of an absorption corresponding to hydroxyl groups (d 2.63). Significant differences caused by the presence of the hydroxyl group, however, were observed in the C NMR spectrum (Table II); the chemical shifts that were assigned to C-3 and C-4 appeared deshielded (+3.5 ppm) and shielded (-8.3 ppm), respectively. The NOE spectrum exhibited the expected interactions (Fig. 7). The IR spectrum showed the presence of a hydroxyl group (n = 3364 cm^-1). The MS spectrum displayed the molecular ion peak at m/z 326 [M]⁺, other significant peaks at m/z 308 [M - H₂O]⁺ and those originating from RDA cleavage of the C-ring at m/z 222 [C₁₁H₁₀O₅]⁺ and m/z 104 [C₈H₈]⁺.

The spectral data obtained for compound 9 agree with those previously reported (Nascimento et al. 1976, Nascimento and Mors 1981). Additionally a NOE experiment was carried out in order to confirm the angular closure of the dimethylchromene ring in the A-ring and the location of the methoxyl group on C-6.

HP-HPLC showed that 1 is the most abundant constituent in the roots (26.3 mg/g of dried roots).

Analogously, compounds 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 and 9 were isolated from the chloroform extract.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors are grateful to Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) for a scholarship awarded to Ivani da Silva Blanco, to Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) for financial support and to Dr. Carol Collins for writing revision.

Manuscript received on November 11, 2003; accepted for publication on July 7, 2004; presented by FERNANDO GALEMBECK

• BOLGER BJ, HIRWE A, MARATHE KG, PHILBIN EM VICKARS MA AND LILLYA CP. 1966. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and stereochemistry of 4-substituted flavans. Tetrahedron 22: 621-628.
• CLARK-LEWIS JW. 1968. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, configuration and conformation of flavan derivatives. Aust J Chem 21: 2059-2075.
• GÓMES-GARIBAY F, QUIJANO L, CALDERÓN JS, MORALES S AND RIOS T. 1988. Prenylflavonols from Tephrosia quercetorum Phytochemistry 27: 2971-2973.
• KNAGGS AR. 2000. The biosynthesis of shikimate metabolites. Nat Prod Rep 17: 269-292.
• MAGALHÃES AF, TOZZI AMGA, SALES BHLN AND MAGALHÃES EG. 1996. Twenty-three flavonoids from Lonchocarpus subglaucescens Phytochemistry 42: 1459-1471.
• MAGALHÃES AF, TOZZI AMGA, MAGALHÃES EG, BLANCO IS AND NOGUEIRA MA. 1997. Three dibenzoylmethane derivatives from Lonchocarpus species. Phytochemistry 46: 1029-1033.
• MAHMOUND EN AND WATERMAN PG. 1987. Unusual flavonoids from Lonchocarpus orotinus seeds. Phytochemistry 26: 1189-1193.
• NASCIMENTO MC AND MORS WB. 1981. Flavonoids of Derris araripensis Phytochemistry 20: 147-152.
• NASCIMENTO MC, DIAS RLV AND MORS WB. 1976. Flavonoids of Derris obtusa Phytochemistry 15: 1553-1558.
• WATERMAN PG AND MAHMOUND EN. 1985. Flavonoids from the seed of Lonchocarpus costaricensis Phytochemistry 24: 571-574.
• WOLLENWEBER E AND EGGER K. 1971. Die Lipophilen flavonoide des Knospenöls von Populus nigra Phytochemistry 10: 225.

Publication Dates

• Publication in this collection
  22 Nov 2004
• Date of issue
  Dec 2004

History

• Accepted
  07 July 2004
• Received
  11 Nov 2003