Recuperação espontanea da função nas lesões do sistema nervoso central

Anghinah, Abrão

doi:10.1590/S0004-282X1975000400006

Resumos

É feita uma revisão dos mecanismos apontados como responsáveis pela recuperação espontânea da função em pacientes com lesões do sistema nervoso central. São referidas as teorias de reorganização espontânea do tecido nervoso e da função vicariante. É destacada a contribuição experimental das duas últimas décadas, particularmente a dos pesquisadores encabeçados por Windle & Guth, que demonstraram a possibilidade de regeneração no sistema nervoso central, bem como as de Lawrence & Kuypers, Brodal & Goldberger, que advogam a função vicariante como mecanismo provável da recuperação da função.

A rewiev of the mechanims responsible for the spontaneous recuperation of function in patients with lesions of the central nervous sistem is made. The spontaneous reorganization theories of the nervous structures and the vicarious function are also referred to. In the last two decades experimental contributions have been accentuated, specially the one conducted by the group of researchers directed by Windle and Guth, who had shown the possibility of regeneration in the central nervous system, as well Lawrende and Kuypers, Brodal, Goldberger and others, which defended the vicarious function as the probable mechanisms of recuperation.

Recuperação espontanea da função nas lesões do sistema nervoso central

Spontaneous recuperation of function in central nervous system lesions

Abrão Anghinah

Clínica Neurológica (Prof. Horácio M. Canelas) do Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo: Docente-Livre

RESUMO

É feita uma revisão dos mecanismos apontados como responsáveis pela recuperação espontânea da função em pacientes com lesões do sistema nervoso central. São referidas as teorias de reorganização espontânea do tecido nervoso e da função vicariante. É destacada a contribuição experimental das duas últimas décadas, particularmente a dos pesquisadores encabeçados por Windle & Guth, que demonstraram a possibilidade de regeneração no sistema nervoso central, bem como as de Lawrence & Kuypers, Brodal & Goldberger, que advogam a função vicariante como mecanismo provável da recuperação da função.

SUMMARY

A rewiev of the mechanims responsible for the spontaneous recuperation of function in patients with lesions of the central nervous sistem is made. The spontaneous reorganization theories of the nervous structures and the vicarious function are also referred to. In the last two decades experimental contributions have been accentuated, specially the one conducted by the group of researchers directed by Windle and Guth, who had shown the possibility of regeneration in the central nervous system, as well Lawrende and Kuypers, Brodal, Goldberger and others, which defended the vicarious function as the probable mechanisms of recuperation.

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Clínica Neurológica Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo Caixa Postal 3461 01000 São Paulo, SP Brasil.

1. BECK, C. H. & CHAMBERS, W. W. Speed, accuracy and strenght of forelimb movement after unilateral pyramidotomy in rhesus monkeys. J. comp. physiol. Psychol. 70:1, 1970.
2. BRODAL, A. Experimental anatomical studies of the cortico-espinal and cortico-rubro-spinal connections in the cat. In Szentágothai Moderan Trends in Neuromorphology, Symp. Biol. Hung. 5, 1965.
3. BRODAL, A. Self observations and neuro-anatomical considerations after a stroke. Brain 96:675, 1973.
4. BUCY, P. C. The relation of the premotor cortex to motor activity. J. nerv. ment. Dis. 79:621, 1934.
5. BUCY, P. Neuromechanism controlling skeletal muscular activity and its unsolved problems. Neurosciences Research 1:251, 1968.
6. CHAMBERS, W. W. & LIU, C. Cortico-spinal tract of the cat. J. comp. Neurol. 108:23, 1957.
7. CHAMBERS, W. W. & KOZART, D. Conditioned tactile discrimination of monkey with corticospinal or pyramidal tract lesions. Anat. Rec. 151:499, 1965.
8. GERARD, R. Regenerative phenomena in the central nervous system: a symposium summary. J. Neurosurg. 37:129, 1972.
9. GLEES, P. & COLE, J. Recovery of skilled motor functions after small repeated lesions of motor cortex in macaque. J. Neurophysiol. 13:137, 1950.
10. GOLDBERGER, M. E. Restitucion of function in the CNS: the pathologic grasp in macaca mulatta. Brain 15:79, 1972.
11. GOODMAN, D. C. & HOREL, J. A. Sprouting of optic tract projection in the brain stem of the rat. J. comp. Neurol. 127:71, 1966.
12. GUTH, L. & WINDLE, W. F. The enigma of central nervous regeneration. Exp. Neurol. 37:1, 1972.
13. GUTH, L. & WINDLE, W. F. Physiological, molecular, and genetic aspects of central nervous system regeneration. Exp. Neurol. 39:3, 1973.
14. HAYMAKER, W. Bing's Local Diagnosis in Neurological Diseases. C. V. Mosby Co., St. Louis, 1956, p. 256-258.
15. JACKSON, J. H. Remarks on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the brain. In J. Taylor's "Selected Writings of John H. Jackson". Hodder e Stoughton, Londres, 1932, p. 384.
16. JACOBSEN, C. F. A study of cerebral function in learning: the frontal lobes. J. comp. Neurol. 52:271, 1931.
17. KENNARD, M. A. Reorganization of motor function in the cerebral cortex of monkeys deprived of motor and promotor areas in infancy. J. Neurophysiol. 1:477, 1938.
18. KUYPERS, H. G. J. M. Corticobular connexions to the pons and lower brain stem in man. Brain 81:364, 1958.
19. KUYPERS, H. G. J. M. & BRINKMAN, J. Precentral projections to different parts of the spinal intermediate zone in rhesus monkey. Brain Res. 24:29, 1970.
20. LASHLEY, K. S. Factors limiting recovery after central nervous lesions. J. nerv. ment. Dis. 88:733, 1938.
21. LAWRENCE, D. G. & KUYPERS, H. G. J. M. The functional organization of the motor system in the monkey: the effects of bilateral pyramidal lesions. Brain 91:1, 1968.
22. LAWRENCE, D. G. & KUYPERS, H. G. J. M. The functional organization of the motor system in the monkey: the effects of lesions of the descending brain-stem pathways. Brain 91:15, 1968.
23. LIU, C. & CHAMBERS, W. W. Intraspinal sprouting of dorsal root axons. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat. (Chicago) 79:46, 1958.
24. McCOUCH, G. P.; AUSTIN, G.; LIU, C. N. & LIU, C. Y. Sprouting as a cause of spasticity. J. Neurophysiol. 21:205, 1958.
25. RAISMANN, G. Neuronal plasticity in the septal nuclei of the adult rat. Brain Res. 14:25, 1969.
26. RAISMANN, G. & FIELD, P. M. A quantitative investigation of the development of collateral reinnervation after partial deafferentation of the septal nuclei. Brain Res. 50:241, 1973.
27. REXED, B. The cytoarchitectonic organization of the spinal cord in the cat. J. comp. Neurol. 96:415, 1952.
28. WALBERG, F. & BRODAL, A. Pyramidal tract fibres from temporal and occipital lobes: an experimental study in the cat. Brain 76:491, 1953.
29. WALL, P. D. & EGGER, M. D. Formation of new connexions in adult rat brains after partial deafferentation. Nature (London) 232:542, 1971.
30. WINDLE, W. F. Regeneration in the central nervous systems. In French & Porter Basic Research in Paraplegia. Charles C. Thomas Publ., Springfield (Illinois), 1962, p. 3-8.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
04 Abr 2013
Data do Fascículo
Dez 1975

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. BECK, C. H. & CHAMBERS, W. W. Speed, accuracy and strenght of forelimb movement after unilateral pyramidotomy in rhesus monkeys. J. comp. physiol. Psychol. 70:1, 1970.

[2] 2. BRODAL, A. Experimental anatomical studies of the cortico-espinal and cortico-rubro-spinal connections in the cat. In Szentágothai Moderan Trends in Neuromorphology, Symp. Biol. Hung. 5, 1965.

[3] 3. BRODAL, A. Self observations and neuro-anatomical considerations after a stroke. Brain 96:675, 1973.

[4] 4. BUCY, P. C. The relation of the premotor cortex to motor activity. J. nerv. ment. Dis. 79:621, 1934.

[5] 5. BUCY, P. Neuromechanism controlling skeletal muscular activity and its unsolved problems. Neurosciences Research 1:251, 1968.

[6] 6. CHAMBERS, W. W. & LIU, C. Cortico-spinal tract of the cat. J. comp. Neurol. 108:23, 1957.

[7] 7. CHAMBERS, W. W. & KOZART, D. Conditioned tactile discrimination of monkey with corticospinal or pyramidal tract lesions. Anat. Rec. 151:499, 1965.

[8] 8. GERARD, R. Regenerative phenomena in the central nervous system: a symposium summary. J. Neurosurg. 37:129, 1972.

[9] 9. GLEES, P. & COLE, J. Recovery of skilled motor functions after small repeated lesions of motor cortex in macaque. J. Neurophysiol. 13:137, 1950.

[10] 10. GOLDBERGER, M. E. Restitucion of function in the CNS: the pathologic grasp in macaca mulatta. Brain 15:79, 1972.

[11] 11. GOODMAN, D. C. & HOREL, J. A. Sprouting of optic tract projection in the brain stem of the rat. J. comp. Neurol. 127:71, 1966.

[12] 12. GUTH, L. & WINDLE, W. F. The enigma of central nervous regeneration. Exp. Neurol. 37:1, 1972.

[13] 13. GUTH, L. & WINDLE, W. F. Physiological, molecular, and genetic aspects of central nervous system regeneration. Exp. Neurol. 39:3, 1973.

[14] 14. HAYMAKER, W. Bing's Local Diagnosis in Neurological Diseases. C. V. Mosby Co., St. Louis, 1956, p. 256-258.

[15] 15. JACKSON, J. H. Remarks on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the brain. In J. Taylor's "Selected Writings of John H. Jackson". Hodder e Stoughton, Londres, 1932, p. 384.

[16] 16. JACOBSEN, C. F. A study of cerebral function in learning: the frontal lobes. J. comp. Neurol. 52:271, 1931.

[17] 17. KENNARD, M. A. Reorganization of motor function in the cerebral cortex of monkeys deprived of motor and promotor areas in infancy. J. Neurophysiol. 1:477, 1938.

[18] 18. KUYPERS, H. G. J. M. Corticobular connexions to the pons and lower brain stem in man. Brain 81:364, 1958.

[19] 19. KUYPERS, H. G. J. M. & BRINKMAN, J. Precentral projections to different parts of the spinal intermediate zone in rhesus monkey. Brain Res. 24:29, 1970.

[20] 20. LASHLEY, K. S. Factors limiting recovery after central nervous lesions. J. nerv. ment. Dis. 88:733, 1938.

[21] 21. LAWRENCE, D. G. & KUYPERS, H. G. J. M. The functional organization of the motor system in the monkey: the effects of bilateral pyramidal lesions. Brain 91:1, 1968.

[22] 22. LAWRENCE, D. G. & KUYPERS, H. G. J. M. The functional organization of the motor system in the monkey: the effects of lesions of the descending brain-stem pathways. Brain 91:15, 1968.

[23] 23. LIU, C. & CHAMBERS, W. W. Intraspinal sprouting of dorsal root axons. Arch. Neurol. Psychiat. (Chicago) 79:46, 1958.

[24] 24. McCOUCH, G. P.; AUSTIN, G.; LIU, C. N. & LIU, C. Y. Sprouting as a cause of spasticity. J. Neurophysiol. 21:205, 1958.

[25] 25. RAISMANN, G. Neuronal plasticity in the septal nuclei of the adult rat. Brain Res. 14:25, 1969.

[26] 26. RAISMANN, G. & FIELD, P. M. A quantitative investigation of the development of collateral reinnervation after partial deafferentation of the septal nuclei. Brain Res. 50:241, 1973.

[27] 27. REXED, B. The cytoarchitectonic organization of the spinal cord in the cat. J. comp. Neurol. 96:415, 1952.

[28] 28. WALBERG, F. & BRODAL, A. Pyramidal tract fibres from temporal and occipital lobes: an experimental study in the cat. Brain 76:491, 1953.

[29] 29. WALL, P. D. & EGGER, M. D. Formation of new connexions in adult rat brains after partial deafferentation. Nature (London) 232:542, 1971.

[30] 30. WINDLE, W. F. Regeneration in the central nervous systems. In French & Porter Basic Research in Paraplegia. Charles C. Thomas Publ., Springfield (Illinois), 1962, p. 3-8.