Genética de Coffea: XII - Hereditariedade da côr amarela da semente

Carvalho, A.; Krug, C. A.

doi:10.1590/S0006-87051949000300005

Resumo

The known species of Coffea can be grouped into two categories according to the color of their endosperm which is either green or yellow. The commercially cultivated varieties of Coffea arabica L. and Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner are well known for the green color of their seed while the less known varieties of Coffea liberica Hiern and Coffea Dewevrei De Wild, et Th. Dur. have yellow Feed. In 1935, however, a yellow seeded type of C. arabica, was found in Brazil and has been described as Coffea arabica L. var. cera K.M.C. ; it is believed to have originated by mutation from Coffea arabica L. var. typica Cramer. In this paper the authors present the results of a genetic study of the yellow seeded mutant known as "cera". It has been found that in C. arabica, yellow endosperm is controlled by one pair of recessive factors cece. Hybrid seeds containing a Cece embryo were green (xenia), their endosperm being either Cecece or CeCece. Cera is a tetraploid variety and when it was crossed with diploid Coffea species having yellow endosperm, it was found to produce only yellow hybrid seeds. The cera, which is a yellow seeded mutant has been useful not only for definitely showing that the bulk of the coffee seed is true endosperm, but it has also proved useful is study of the biology of the coffee flower.

Genética de Coffea (¹ (1 ) Trabalho apresentado na Primeira Reunião Anual da Sociedade Brasileira para o Progresso da Ciência, realizada em Campinas, de 11 a 15 de outubro de 1949. ). XII Hereditariedade da côr amarela da semente

A. Carvalho^I; C. A. Krug^II

^IEngenheiro agrônomo, Secção de Genética

^IIEngenheiro agrônomo, diretor do Instituto Agronômico de Campinas

SUMMARY

The known species of Coffea can be grouped into two categories according to the color of their endosperm which is either green or yellow. The commercially cultivated varieties of Coffea arabica L. and Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner are well known for the green color of their seed while the less known varieties of Coffea liberica Hiern and Coffea Dewevrei De Wild, et Th. Dur. have yellow Feed. In 1935, however, a yellow seeded type of C. arabica, was found in Brazil and has been described as Coffea arabica L. var. cera K.M.C. ; it is believed to have originated by mutation from Coffea arabica L. var. typica Cramer.

In this paper the authors present the results of a genetic study of the yellow seeded mutant known as "cera". It has been found that in C. arabica, yellow endosperm is controlled by one pair of recessive factors cece. Hybrid seeds containing a Cece embryo were green (xenia), their endosperm being either Cecece or CeCece.

Cera is a tetraploid variety and when it was crossed with diploid Coffea species having yellow endosperm, it was found to produce only yellow hybrid seeds.

The cera, which is a yellow seeded mutant has been useful not only for definitely showing that the bulk of the coffee seed is true endosperm, but it has also proved useful is study of the biology of the coffee flower.

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LITERATURA CITADA

1. Carvalho, A. e C. A. Krug. Biologia da flor do cafeeiro (C. arabica L.). Ciência e Cultura 1: 35-38. 1949.
2. Krug, C. A. O café cêra (Coffea arabica L. var. cera). Revista do Instituto do Café do Estado de São Paulo 25: 546-548, fig. 1. 1939.
3. Krug, C. A. Melhoramento do cafeeiro. Doze anos (1933-1944) dc pesquisas básicas e aplicadas realizadas nas Secções de Genética, Café e Citologia do Instituto Agronômico. Bol. da Super, dos Serv. do Café de São Paulo 20 : 863-872, 959-962. 1945.
4. Krug, C A. e A. Carvalho. Genétical Proof of the Existence of Coffee endosperm. Nature 144: 515. 1939.
5. Krug, C. A. e A. Carvalho. The Genetics of Coffea. Proceedings of the Eighth International Congress of Genetics. Hereditas Supp. Vol. 611-612. 1949.
6. Krug, C. A., J. E. T. Mendes e A. Carvalho. Taxonomia de Coffea arabica L. Descrição das variedades e formas encontradas no Estado de São Paulo. Bol. Técn. do Instituto Agronômico 62: 9-57, figs. 1-122. 1938.
7. Mendes, A. J. T. Cytological observations in Coffea VI Embryo and endosperm development in Coffea arabica L. American Journal of Botany 28: 784-789. 1941.

(1

) Trabalho apresentado na Primeira Reunião Anual da Sociedade Brasileira para o Progresso da Ciência, realizada em Campinas, de 11 a 15 de outubro de 1949.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
08 Jun 2010
Data do Fascículo
1949

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. Carvalho, A. e C. A. Krug. Biologia da flor do cafeeiro (C. arabica L.). Ciência e Cultura 1: 35-38. 1949.

[2] 2. Krug, C. A. O café cêra (Coffea arabica L. var. cera). Revista do Instituto do Café do Estado de São Paulo 25: 546-548, fig. 1. 1939.

[3] 3. Krug, C. A. Melhoramento do cafeeiro. Doze anos (1933-1944) dc pesquisas básicas e aplicadas realizadas nas Secções de Genética, Café e Citologia do Instituto Agronômico. Bol. da Super, dos Serv. do Café de São Paulo 20 : 863-872, 959-962. 1945.

[4] 4. Krug, C A. e A. Carvalho. Genétical Proof of the Existence of Coffee endosperm. Nature 144: 515. 1939.

[5] 5. Krug, C. A. e A. Carvalho. The Genetics of Coffea. Proceedings of the Eighth International Congress of Genetics. Hereditas Supp. Vol. 611-612. 1949.

[6] 6. Krug, C. A., J. E. T. Mendes e A. Carvalho. Taxonomia de Coffea arabica L. Descrição das variedades e formas encontradas no Estado de São Paulo. Bol. Técn. do Instituto Agronômico 62: 9-57, figs. 1-122. 1938.

[7] 7. Mendes, A. J. T. Cytological observations in Coffea VI Embryo and endosperm development in Coffea arabica L. American Journal of Botany 28: 784-789. 1941.