Resumo
It has been shown that cassava starch can be converted into alcohol most efficiently when fungal enzyme preparations from submerged cultures are used to hydrolyze the starch into sugar. The use of barley malt in the process for conversion of cassava starch has resulted in alcohol yields of 70-74% of the theoretical. Cassava mashes converted by submerged fungal cultures (Aspergillus niger van Tieghem, strain NRRL-337) resulted in alcohol yields up to 90% of the theoretical. Substitutes for the distillers'dried solubles-corn medium were tried. Screened cotton seed meal and soybean meal proved to be a satisfactory substitute for distillers'dried solubles. Dehydrated cassava meal was effectively used in place of corn meal. A comparative study was carried out using several molds from the Collection of the Instituto Agronômico for the purpose of determining their enzyme activity. The mold that presented the highest enzyme potency was found to be the strain of Aspergillus oryzae (Ahlburg) Cohn strain F-27 which had been originally isolated from saké (rice wine). Studies of the dehydrated residues (7% moisture) from hydrolized and fermented mash were found to contain approximately 25% protein indicating their possible value in animal feeds. Simple substrates can be used for the propagation of the mold which is a very efficient conversion agent. It is, indeed, the best saccharifying agent for the countries where a good malt is not available at a low price.
Produção de álcool de mandioca utilização de bolores na sacarificação do amido
C. G. Teixeira
Engenheiro agrônomo, Secção de Fitopatologia, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas
SUMMARY
It has been shown that cassava starch can be converted into alcohol most efficiently when fungal enzyme preparations from submerged cultures are used to hydrolyze the starch into sugar. The use of barley malt in the process for conversion of cassava starch has resulted in alcohol yields of 70-74% of the theoretical. Cassava mashes converted by submerged fungal cultures (Aspergillus niger van Tieghem, strain NRRL-337) resulted in alcohol yields up to 90% of the theoretical.
Substitutes for the distillers'dried solubles-corn medium were tried. Screened cotton seed meal and soybean meal proved to be a satisfactory substitute for distillers'dried solubles. Dehydrated cassava meal was effectively used in place of corn meal.
A comparative study was carried out using several molds from the Collection of the Instituto Agronômico for the purpose of determining their enzyme activity. The mold that presented the highest enzyme potency was found to be the strain of Aspergillus oryzae (Ahlburg) Cohn strain F-27 which had been originally isolated from saké (rice wine).
Studies of the dehydrated residues (7% moisture) from hydrolized and fermented mash were found to contain approximately 25% protein indicating their possible value in animal feeds.
Simple substrates can be used for the propagation of the mold which is a very efficient conversion agent. It is, indeed, the best saccharifying agent for the countries where a good malt is not available at a low price.
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LITERATURA CITADA
- 1. Almeida, J. R. Em Fabricação do álcool de mandioca, pg. 1-92, Tipografia Jornal de Piracicaba, Piracicaba. 1943.
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- 7. Stark, W. H. e outros. Laboratory cooking, mashing, and fermentation. Ind. Eng. Chem. Anal. Ed. 15 : 443-446. 1943.
- 8. Takamine, J. Enzymes of Aspergillus oryzae and the application of its amyloclastic enzyme to the fermentation industry. The Jour. Ind. Eng. Chem. 6 : 824-828. 1914.
- 9. Teixeira, C. e outros. Ethyl alcohol from cassava. Ind. Eng. Chem. 42 : 1781-1783. 1950.
Datas de Publicação
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Publicação nesta coleção
09 Jun 2010 -
Data do Fascículo
1950
