Resumos
Neste trabalho são apresentados os resultados preliminares obtidos com a aplicação de diferentes fertilizantes nitrogenados, a fim de se determinar a forma de nitrogênio preferida pelo arroz durante os dois primeiros meses do ciclo vegetativo. Para isso instalou-se uma experiência em vasos contendo terra-roxa misturada e empregando-se os seguintes materiais nitrogenados : salitre do Chile, sulfato de amónio, calciocianamida, uréia, torta de algodão, farinha de chifre e casco, e solução de amoníaco. Os resultados apontaram a uréia como o fertilizante que propiciou maior produção de matéria sêca. Seguiram-se-lhe o sulfato de amônio, solução de amoníaco, farinha de chifre e casco, calciocianamida, torta de algodão e, finalmente, o salitre.
This paper presents the results from a study of the influence of several nitrogenous fertilizers on rice (Oryza sativa L.). The experiment was performed according to Mits-cherlich pot technique, and each treatment was replicated twice. The treatments tried and the total weight of the rice plants per pot, two monts after germination, are given below : Treatment Total weight (dry matter) of rice plant per pot (grams) 1. Check ---------------------------------------- 4.5 2. PK without N. -------------------------------- 27.0 3. PK + N (Sodium nitrate from Chile) ------------ 21.5 4. PK + N (Amonium sulfate) -------------------- 52.5 5. PK + N (Calcium cyanamide) ------------------- 27.0 6. PK + N (Urea) -------------------------------- 62.0 7. PK + N (Cotton seed meal) -------------------- 23.5 8. PK + N (Hoof and horn meal) ------------------ 28.0 9. PK + N (Amonia solution) ---------------------- 37.5 Treatment N.° 1 did not receive any fertilizer. Treatment N.° 2 received 2.2 g of P2O5 in the form of CaH4 (PO4)2 and 3.0 g of K2O in the form of K2SO4, per pot, both in solution. Treatments Nos. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 received the same amount of phosphorus and potassium as N.° 2, and the amount of the respective nitrogenous fertilizer corresponding to 1.0 g of nitrogen per pot. The weight of the rice plants (leaves and stems) obtained for the different treatments indicated that urea was the most efficient source of nitrogen under the conditions of the experiment. After urea followed ammonium sulfate, ammonia in solution, hoof and horn meal, calcium cyanamide, cotton seed meal, and sodium nitrate from Chile. Calcium cyanamide impaired germination, and caused burning injury to the leaves that still was present two months after germination. The results obtained with hoof and horn meal, and cotton seed meal indicated that the nitrogen from these fertilizers becomes available in the soil rather rapidly. A comparison of the growth made by rice plants that were submitted to the different treatments is shown in figures 1 and 2, taken one and two months after germination. The numbers on the pots correspond to the treatment numbers as described above.
Disponibilidade de nitrogênio em diversos fertilizantes nitrogenados(* (* ) Trabalho apresentado à IV Reunião Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, realizada em Belo Horizonte, de 6 a 18 de julho de 1953. )
Nitrogen availability in several nitrogenous fertilizers
R. A. Catani; J. Romano Gallo; H. Gargantini
Engenheiros agrônomos, Secção de Agrogeologia, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas
RESUMO
Neste trabalho são apresentados os resultados preliminares obtidos com a aplicação de diferentes fertilizantes nitrogenados, a fim de se determinar a forma de nitrogênio preferida pelo arroz durante os dois primeiros meses do ciclo vegetativo.
Para isso instalou-se uma experiência em vasos contendo terra-roxa misturada e empregando-se os seguintes materiais nitrogenados : salitre do Chile, sulfato de amónio, calciocianamida, uréia, torta de algodão, farinha de chifre e casco, e solução de amoníaco.
Os resultados apontaram a uréia como o fertilizante que propiciou maior produção de matéria sêca. Seguiram-se-lhe o sulfato de amônio, solução de amoníaco, farinha de chifre e casco, calciocianamida, torta de algodão e, finalmente, o salitre.
SUMMARY
This paper presents the results from a study of the influence of several nitrogenous fertilizers on rice (Oryza sativa L.). The experiment was performed according to Mits-cherlich pot technique, and each treatment was replicated twice. The treatments tried and the total weight of the rice plants per pot, two monts after germination, are given below :
Treatment Total weight (dry matter) of rice plant per pot (grams)
1. Check ---------------------------------------- 4.5
2. PK without N. -------------------------------- 27.0
3. PK + N (Sodium nitrate from Chile) ------------ 21.5
4. PK + N (Amonium sulfate) -------------------- 52.5
5. PK + N (Calcium cyanamide) ------------------- 27.0
6. PK + N (Urea) -------------------------------- 62.0
7. PK + N (Cotton seed meal) -------------------- 23.5
8. PK + N (Hoof and horn meal) ------------------ 28.0
9. PK + N (Amonia solution) ---------------------- 37.5
Treatment N.° 1 did not receive any fertilizer. Treatment N.° 2 received 2.2 g of P2O5 in the form of CaH4 (PO4)2 and 3.0 g of K2O in the form of K2SO4, per pot, both in solution. Treatments Nos. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 received the same amount of phosphorus and potassium as N.° 2, and the amount of the respective nitrogenous fertilizer corresponding to 1.0 g of nitrogen per pot.
The weight of the rice plants (leaves and stems) obtained for the different treatments indicated that urea was the most efficient source of nitrogen under the conditions of the experiment. After urea followed ammonium sulfate, ammonia in solution, hoof and horn meal, calcium cyanamide, cotton seed meal, and sodium nitrate from Chile.
Calcium cyanamide impaired germination, and caused burning injury to the leaves that still was present two months after germination. The results obtained with hoof and horn meal, and cotton seed meal indicated that the nitrogen from these fertilizers becomes available in the soil rather rapidly.
A comparison of the growth made by rice plants that were submitted to the different treatments is shown in figures 1 and 2, taken one and two months after germination. The numbers on the pots correspond to the treatment numbers as described above.
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LITERATURA CITADA
Recebido para publicação em 19 de janeiro de 1954.
- 1. COOLINGS, G. H. Commercial fertilizers. 4.Ş edição. Philadelphia, Blakiston, 1947. xi, 522 p.
- 2. SMOCK, R. M. Some physiological studies with calcium cyanamide and certain of its decomposition products. Wooster, Ohio agr. Exp. Sta., 1953. 46 p. (Bulletin N.° 555)
- 3. TISDALE, S. L., NELSON, W. L., WELCH, C. D. [e outros]. Sources of nitrogen in crop production. Raleigh, N. C. agr. Exp. Sta., 1952. 63 p. (Technical Bulletin N.° 96)
- 4. VANDECAVEYE, S. C. Biological methods of determining nutrients in soil. In Kitchen, H. B., ed. Diagnostic techniques for soils and crops. Washington, American potash institute, 1948. p. 199-230.
- 5. WYCHE, R. H. & CHEANEY, R. L. Yields of rice as affected by different nitrogenous fertilizers, lime and phosphoric acid. Beaumont, Texas agr. Exp. Sta.,. 1951 2fl. (Progress report N.° 1347)
Datas de Publicação
-
Publicação nesta coleção
18 Maio 2010 -
Data do Fascículo
1954
Histórico
-
Recebido
19 Jan 1954
