Avaliação da variabilidade isoenzimática de cinco cultivares de amendoim

Galgaro, Maria Leticia; Lopes, Catalina Romero

doi:10.1590/S0006-87051994000200002

Resumos

A variabilidade genética foi avaliada dentro e entre amostras de diferentes cultivares de amendoim, Arachis hypogaea L., conhecidos como Roxo, Tatu Branco, Tatu Vermelho, Tatuí Vermelho e Tatuí (sementes com película branca), fornecidos por fazendas situadas nas regiões dos municípios de Marília, Presidente Prudente e São Manuel. Para tal análise, foi utilizada a técnica de eletroforese horizontal em gel de poliacrilamida, para os sistemas da leucil-aminopeptidase (LAP), aspartato aminotransferase (ATT) e peroxidase (PER). No sistema da leucil-aminopeptidase, foram observadas três bandas enzimáticas, denominadas LAP-A, LAP-B e LAP-C. Os padrões de bandas obtidos para o sistema da aspartato-aminotransferase mostraram a existência de três bandas anódicas, AAT-A, AAT-B e AAT-C. No sistema da peroxidase (PER), foram observadas quinze bandas, sendo oito anódicas (PER-A a PER-H) e sete catódicas (PER-I a PER-P). Os sistemas enzimáticos da peroxidase e leucil-aminopeptidase não foram discriminativos para as amostras analisadas dos diferentes cultivares obtidos nas diversas regiões. O sistema da aspartato-aminotransferase apresentou um padrão composto pelas bandas AAT-B e AAT-C, que se mostrou característico e discriminativo para as amostras do cultivar Tatu Branco, procedente de Presidente Prudente, e do 'Tatuí Vermelho', proveniente de Presidente Prudente e São Manuel.

eletroforese; isoenzimas; cultivares de amendoim; variabilidade genética

Genetic variability within and among different samples of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) from the cultivars Roxo, Tatu Branco, Tatu Vermelho, Tatuí Vermelho and Tatuí (white skin seeds) was evaluated using polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis by studying leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), aspartate aminotransferase (ATT) and peroxidase (PER) enzymatic systems. Seeds were obtained from local farms located in Marília, Presidente Prudente and São Manuel cities, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Three enzymatic bands called LAP-A, LAP-B and LAP-C were observed in the patterns of the leucine aminopeptidase. Aspartate aminotransferase patterns showed three anodic bands, AAT-A, AAT-B and AAT-C. The peroxidase system showed fifteen bands, including eight anodics (PER-A to PER-H) and seven cathodics (PER-I to PER-P). The peroxidase and leucine aminopeptidase enzymatic systems were not discriminative among the different samples from the five cultivars analysed. Only the aspartate aminotransferase enzymatic system showed one characteristic pattern compound by AAT-B and AAT-C bands. This pattern was observed in Tatu Branco from Presidente Prudente and Tatuí Vermelho from Presidente Prudente and São Manuel.

electrophoresis; isoenzymes; peanut cultivars; genetic variability

I. BIOTECHNOLOGY/PLANT PHYSIOLOGY/PHYTOCHEMISTRY

Isoenzimatic variability among five peanut cultivars¹ 1 This research was partially supported by FAPESP - Proc. 86/2476-8. Presented in "XXXIV Congresso Nacional de Genética" and "40.ª Reunião Anual da SBPC", July 10 to 16, 1988, State of São Paulo, Brazil.

Avaliação da variabilidade isoenzimática de cinco cultivares de amendoim

Maria Leticia Galgaro; Catalina Romero Lopes

Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP- Rubião Júnior-18610-000 Botucatu (SP), Brasil

ABSTRACT

Genetic variability within and among different samples of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) from the cultivars Roxo, Tatu Branco, Tatu Vermelho, Tatuí Vermelho and Tatuí (white skin seeds) was evaluated using polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis by studying leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), aspartate aminotransferase (ATT) and peroxidase (PER) enzymatic systems. Seeds were obtained from local farms located in Marília, Presidente Prudente and São Manuel cities, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Three enzymatic bands called LAP-A, LAP-B and LAP-C were observed in the patterns of the leucine aminopeptidase. Aspartate aminotransferase patterns showed three anodic bands, AAT-A, AAT-B and AAT-C. The peroxidase system showed fifteen bands, including eight anodics (PER-A to PER-H) and seven cathodics (PER-I to PER-P). The peroxidase and leucine aminopeptidase enzymatic systems were not discriminative among the different samples from the five cultivars analysed. Only the aspartate aminotransferase enzymatic system showed one characteristic pattern compound by AAT-B and AAT-C bands. This pattern was observed in Tatu Branco from Presidente Prudente and Tatuí Vermelho from Presidente Prudente and São Manuel.

Index terms: electrophoresis, isoenzymes, peanut cultivars, genetic variability.

RESUMO

A variabilidade genética foi avaliada dentro e entre amostras de diferentes cultivares de amendoim, Arachis hypogaea L., conhecidos como Roxo, Tatu Branco, Tatu Vermelho, Tatuí Vermelho e Tatuí (sementes com película branca), fornecidos por fazendas situadas nas regiões dos municípios de Marília, Presidente Prudente e São Manuel. Para tal análise, foi utilizada a técnica de eletroforese horizontal em gel de poliacrilamida, para os sistemas da leucil-aminopeptidase (LAP), aspartato aminotransferase (ATT) e peroxidase (PER). No sistema da leucil-aminopeptidase, foram observadas três bandas enzimáticas, denominadas LAP-A, LAP-B e LAP-C. Os padrões de bandas obtidos para o sistema da aspartato-aminotransferase mostraram a existência de três bandas anódicas, AAT-A, AAT-B e AAT-C. No sistema da peroxidase (PER), foram observadas quinze bandas, sendo oito anódicas (PER-A a PER-H) e sete catódicas (PER-I a PER-P). Os sistemas enzimáticos da peroxidase e leucil-aminopeptidase não foram discriminativos para as amostras analisadas dos diferentes cultivares obtidos nas diversas regiões. O sistema da aspartato-aminotransferase apresentou um padrão composto pelas bandas AAT-B e AAT-C, que se mostrou característico e discriminativo para as amostras do cultivar Tatu Branco, procedente de Presidente Prudente, e do 'Tatuí Vermelho', proveniente de Presidente Prudente e São Manuel.

Termos de indexação: eletroforese, isoenzimas, cultivares de amendoim, variabilidade genética.

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text available only in PDF format.

Received for publication in January, 26, 1993 and approved in July, 5, 1994.

CHAO, S. & SCANDALIOS, J.G. Developmentally dependent expression of tissue specific amylases in mayze. Molecular & General Genetics, Berlin, 115:1-9, 1972.
CHERRY, J.P. & ORY, R.L. Characterization of isoperoxidase activity in Arachis hypogaea cultivars. Phytochemistry, Oxford, 12:1581-1583, 1973a.
CHERRY, J.P. & ORY, R.L. Electrophoretic characterization of six selected enzymes of peanut cultivars. Phytochemistry, Oxford, 12(7):283-289, 1973b.
FEDAK, G. Allozymes as aids to Canadian barley cultivar identification. Euphytica, Dordrecht, 23:166-175, 1974.
GALGARO, M.L. Caracterização de germoplasma de diferentes introduções de três variedades comerciais da espécie Arachis hypogaea L. (amendoim), através do polimorfismo enzimático. Botucatu, 1987. 48p. Monografia (Bacharel em Ciências Biológicas) - Instituto de Biociências - UNESP, 1987.
GREGORY, W.C.; KRAPOVICKAS, A. & GREGORY, M.P. Structure, variation, evolution and classification in Arachis. In: SUMMERFIELD, R.J. & BUNTING, A.H., eds. Advances in legume science. Kew, Royal Botanic Gardens, 1980. p.469-481.
GRIESHAMMER, U. & WYNNE, J.C. Isoenzyme variability in mature seeds of U.S. peanuts cultivars and collections. Peanut Science, Yoakum, 18:72-75, 1990.
HALWARD, T.M.; STALKER, H.T.; LARUE, E.A. & KOCHERT, G. Genetic variation detectable with molecular markers among unadapted germplasm resources of cultivated peanut and related wild species. Genome, 34:1013-1020, 1991.
HALWARD, T. STALKER, H.T.; LARUE, E.A. & KOCHERT, G. Use of single primer DNA amplifications in genetic studies of peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Plant Molecular Biology, Dordrecht, 18:315-325, 1992.
KOCHERT, G.; HALWARD, T.; BRANCH, W.D. & SIMPSON, C.E. RFLP variability in peanut (Arachis hypogaea) cultivars and wild species. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Berlin, 81:565-570, 1991.
KRAPOVICKAS, A. Evolution of the genus Arachis. In: NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, Jerusalem, 1973. Proceedings. New York, Agricultural Genetics, Selected Topics, 1973. p.135-151.
KUNHS, L.J. & FRETZ, T.A. A study of the potential use electrophoresis in distinguishing rose cultivars. Ohio, Agricultural Research Centre, 1978. 33p. (Research Bulletin, 1094)
LACKS, G.D.; STALKER, H.T. & MURPHY, J.P. Patterns of isozyme variation using Arachis species. In: STALKER, H.T. & MURPHY, J.P, eds. Abstracts of the Symposium on Plant Breeding in the 1990's. Raleigh, North Carolina State University, 1991. p.130.
NIELSEN, G. & JOHANSEN, H.B. Proposal for identification of barley varieties based on the genotypes for 2 bordein and 39 isoenzyme loci of 47 reference varieties. Euphytica, Dordrecht, 35:717, 1986.
NORDEN, A.J. Peanut. In: FEHR, W.R. & HARDLEY, H.H., eds. Hibridization of crop plants. Madison, American Society of Agronomy/Crop Science Society of America, 1980. p.443-456.
RAMIREZ, H.; HUSSAIN, A.; ROCA, W. & BUSHUK, W. Field bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar identification by electrophoregram of cotyledon storage protein. Euphytica, Dordrecht, 35:729, 1986.
SCANDALIOS, J.G. Genetic control of multiple molecular forms of enzymes in plants: a review. Biochemical Genetics, New York, 3:37-79, 1969.
SCANDALIOS, J.G. & SRENSON, J.C. Isoenzyme in plants tissue culture. In:. REINART, J. & BAJAC, PS., eds. Applied and fundamental aspects of plant cell, tissue, and organ culture. Berlin, Spring Verlag, 1977. p.719-769.
STALKER, H.T. Cytotaxonomy of Arachis. In: INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CYTOGENETICS OF ARACHIS, Patancheru, 1983. Proceedings. Patancheru, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, 1985.

1

This research was partially supported by FAPESP - Proc. 86/2476-8. Presented in "XXXIV Congresso Nacional de Genética" and "40.ª Reunião Anual da SBPC", July 10 to 16, 1988, State of São Paulo, Brazil.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
16 Out 2007
Data do Fascículo
1994

Histórico

Aceito
05 Jul 1994
Recebido
26 Jan 1993

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] CHAO, S. & SCANDALIOS, J.G. Developmentally dependent expression of tissue specific amylases in mayze. Molecular & General Genetics, Berlin, 115:1-9, 1972.

[2] CHERRY, J.P. & ORY, R.L. Characterization of isoperoxidase activity in Arachis hypogaea cultivars. Phytochemistry, Oxford, 12:1581-1583, 1973a.

[3] CHERRY, J.P. & ORY, R.L. Electrophoretic characterization of six selected enzymes of peanut cultivars. Phytochemistry, Oxford, 12(7):283-289, 1973b.

[4] FEDAK, G. Allozymes as aids to Canadian barley cultivar identification. Euphytica, Dordrecht, 23:166-175, 1974.

[5] GALGARO, M.L. Caracterização de germoplasma de diferentes introduções de três variedades comerciais da espécie Arachis hypogaea L. (amendoim), através do polimorfismo enzimático. Botucatu, 1987. 48p. Monografia (Bacharel em Ciências Biológicas) - Instituto de Biociências - UNESP, 1987.

[6] GREGORY, W.C.; KRAPOVICKAS, A. & GREGORY, M.P. Structure, variation, evolution and classification in Arachis. In: SUMMERFIELD, R.J. & BUNTING, A.H., eds. Advances in legume science. Kew, Royal Botanic Gardens, 1980. p.469-481.

[7] GRIESHAMMER, U. & WYNNE, J.C. Isoenzyme variability in mature seeds of U.S. peanuts cultivars and collections. Peanut Science, Yoakum, 18:72-75, 1990.

[8] HALWARD, T.M.; STALKER, H.T.; LARUE, E.A. & KOCHERT, G. Genetic variation detectable with molecular markers among unadapted germplasm resources of cultivated peanut and related wild species. Genome, 34:1013-1020, 1991.

[9] HALWARD, T. STALKER, H.T.; LARUE, E.A. & KOCHERT, G. Use of single primer DNA amplifications in genetic studies of peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Plant Molecular Biology, Dordrecht, 18:315-325, 1992.

[10] KOCHERT, G.; HALWARD, T.; BRANCH, W.D. & SIMPSON, C.E. RFLP variability in peanut (Arachis hypogaea) cultivars and wild species. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Berlin, 81:565-570, 1991.

[11] KRAPOVICKAS, A. Evolution of the genus Arachis. In: NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, Jerusalem, 1973. Proceedings. New York, Agricultural Genetics, Selected Topics, 1973. p.135-151.

[12] KUNHS, L.J. & FRETZ, T.A. A study of the potential use electrophoresis in distinguishing rose cultivars. Ohio, Agricultural Research Centre, 1978. 33p. (Research Bulletin, 1094)

[13] LACKS, G.D.; STALKER, H.T. & MURPHY, J.P. Patterns of isozyme variation using Arachis species. In: STALKER, H.T. & MURPHY, J.P, eds. Abstracts of the Symposium on Plant Breeding in the 1990's. Raleigh, North Carolina State University, 1991. p.130.

[14] NIELSEN, G. & JOHANSEN, H.B. Proposal for identification of barley varieties based on the genotypes for 2 bordein and 39 isoenzyme loci of 47 reference varieties. Euphytica, Dordrecht, 35:717, 1986.

[15] NORDEN, A.J. Peanut. In: FEHR, W.R. & HARDLEY, H.H., eds. Hibridization of crop plants. Madison, American Society of Agronomy/Crop Science Society of America, 1980. p.443-456.

[16] RAMIREZ, H.; HUSSAIN, A.; ROCA, W. & BUSHUK, W. Field bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar identification by electrophoregram of cotyledon storage protein. Euphytica, Dordrecht, 35:729, 1986.

[17] SCANDALIOS, J.G. Genetic control of multiple molecular forms of enzymes in plants: a review. Biochemical Genetics, New York, 3:37-79, 1969.

[18] SCANDALIOS, J.G. & SRENSON, J.C. Isoenzyme in plants tissue culture. In:. REINART, J. & BAJAC, PS., eds. Applied and fundamental aspects of plant cell, tissue, and organ culture. Berlin, Spring Verlag, 1977. p.719-769.

[19] STALKER, H.T. Cytotaxonomy of Arachis. In: INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON CYTOGENETICS OF ARACHIS, Patancheru, 1983. Proceedings. Patancheru, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, 1985.