NEW AND ADDITIONAL RECORDS OF THE SPONGE SHRIMP GENUS TYPTON COSTA, 1844 (DECAPODA: PALAEMONIDAE) FROM THE BRAZILIAN COAST

Abstracts

The present study deals with Brazilian material of four sponge-dwelling species of the pontoniine shrimp genus Typton Costa, 1844: T. distinctus Chace, 1972, T. fapespae Almeida, Anker & Mantelatto, 2014, T. prionurus Holthuis, 1951, and T. vulcanus Holthuis, 1951. Typton distinctus and T. fapespae are recorded for the first time from Rio de Janeiro, representing a significant southward range extension for the former species (previously known only from Pernambuco) and a slight northward extension for the latter species (previously known only from São Paulo). Typton prionurus and T. vulcanus are recorded for the first time from Bahia. The former species was previously known from Brazil based on a single questionable record from the coast of Pará, whereas the latter species is recorded from Brazil and the southwestern Atlantic for the first time. Illustrations are provided for T. prionurus and T. vulcanus.

Palaemonidae; Sponge-dwelling shrimp; Typton; Brazil; Western Atlantic; New records.

O presente estudo trata de quatro espécies de camarões pontoniíneos do gênero Typton Costa, 1844, associados a esponjas, provenientes do Brasil: T. distinctus Chace, 1972, T. fapespae Almeida, Anker & Mantelatto, 2014, T. prionurus Holthuis, 1951, e T. vulcanus Holthuis, 1951. Typton distinctus é registrada pela primeira vez para o Rio de Janeiro, o que amplia significativamente a sua distribuição meridional (no Brasil esta espécie era conhecida apenas de Pernambuco). Typton fapespae, recentemente descrita de São Paulo, é adicionalmente registrada para o Rio de Janeiro. Typton prionurus e T. vulcanus são registradas para a Bahia. Typton prionurus era conhecida anteriormente no Brasil com base em um registro duvidoso para a costa do Pará, enquanto que T. vulcanus é registrada pela primeira vez para o Atlântico Sul Ocidental (Brasil). Typton prionurus e T. vulcanus são ilustradas.

Palaemonidae; Camarões associados a esponjas; Typton; Brasil; Atlântico Ocidental; Novos registros.

INTRODUCTION

The pontoniine genus Typton Costa, 1844 includes small marine shrimps (usually less than 10 mm total length) that appear to be almost exclusively associated with demosponges (Holthuis, 1951). These shrimps dwell deep in sponge canals and at least some species are known to be parasites, occasionally feeding on the tissues of their sponge hosts (Duris et al., 2011).

Members of the genus Typton can be recognised by a combination of several morphological features, the most important being the non-toothed and laterally compressed rostrum, extremely reduced antennal scale, carapace bearing only antennal spine, mandible without palp, maxillipeds with exopods, second chelipeds highly asymmetrical, third to fifth pereiopods robust and with biunguiculate dactyli, and male second pleopod without appendix masculina (Holthuis, 1951; Vieira et al., 2012).

In the Atlantic Ocean, Typton is represented by 10 species, most of them found in shallow tropical and subtropical waters of the western Atlantic. Six species of Typton have been reported from Brazilian waters: T. carneus Holthuis, 1951, T. distinctus Chace, 1972, T. fapespae Almeida, Anker & Mantelatto, 2014, T. gnathophylloides Holthuis, 1951, T. prionurus Holthuis, 1951 and T. tortugae McClendon, 1911 (Ramos-Porto & Coelho, 1998; Coelho et al., 2006; Vieira et al., 2012; Almeida et al., 2014; Soledade et al., 2015). However, the Brazilian record of T. prionurus was based on a single table listing with uncertain identification (as "T. prionurus Holthuis?") in Bullis & Thompson (1965); this unconfirmed record was later merely repeated in Coelho et al. (2006). In addition, all records of T. gnathophylloides from southern Brazil were re-attributed to T. fapespae by Almeida et al. (2014), although more recently T. gnathophylloides was found in the Abrolhos (Bahia), thus representing the first actual record of the species in Brazil (Soledade et al., 2015).

While identifying caridean samples deposited in the Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP), we found several interesting specimens of Typton, collected on the coasts of the Brazilian states of Rio de Janeiro and Bahia. These specimens belong to three species previously reported from Brazil, viz. Typton distinctus, T. fapespae (representing range extensions), T. prionurus (confirming its presence in Brazil, with significant range extension), and one species, T. vulcanus Holthuis, 1951, previously known only from the Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico and Florida (Holthuis, 1951; Chace, 1972; Abele & Kim, 1986; Duris et al., 2009), thus representing a new record for Brazil and the southwestern Atlantic. These four species are reported in the present study, accompanied by illustrations of the Brazilian material of T. prionurus and T. vulcanus. Drawings were made using a stereomicroscope equipped with camera lucida. Carapace length (cl, in mm) was measured along the dorsal midline from the tip of the rostrum to the posterior margin of the carapace.

Taxonomy Family Palaemonidae Rafinesque, 1815 Subfamily Pontoniinae Kingsley, 1879 Genus Typton Costa, 1844 Typton distinctus Chace, 1972

Typton distinctus Chace, 1972: 49, figs. 13, 14; Abele & Kim, 1986: 17, 189, figs. d-g; Camp, 1998: 140; Ramos-Porto & Coelho, 1998: 340; Coelho et al., 2006: 51; Duris et al., 2009: 1056; Souza et al., 2011: 45; Vieira et al., 2012: 31.

Typton carneusHolthuis, 1951pro parte: 162, pl. 51, figs. b-d, f-j, m-o [not T. carneus Holthuis, 1951, pl. 51, figs. a, e, k, l].

Typton sp. - Coelho & Ramos, 1972: 146.

Material examined: 1 female (cl 2.0 mm), MZUSP 31506, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Arraial do Cabo, Praia do Forno, "Transect 1", no further data.

Description: For original description and figures see Chace (1972); for additional illustrations see Holthuis (1951), pl. 51 (as T. carneus pro parte).

Distribution: Western Atlantic: USA (Florida), Mexico (Bahía de la Ascensión), Cuba (Los Arroyos), Brazil (Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro) (Chace, 1972; Coelho et al., 2006; Camp, 1998; present study).

Remarks: The female of Typton distinctus from Arraial do Cabo represents a significant southward range extension of this species from Pernambuco (8°S) to Rio de Janeiro (22°S). Among the Brazilian species, T. distinctus is morphologically closest to T. carneus, but can be distinguished from the latter by the rostrum not deepening near midlength (versus rostrum deepening near midlength), the more strongly twisted major chela dactylus, the less produced ventral margin of the major chela carpus, and the mandible having a reduced incisor process (versus well-developed incisor process) (Chace, 1972).

Typton fapespae Almeida, Anker & Mantelatto, 2014

Typton fapespaeAlmeida et al., 2014: 111, figs. 1-5.

Typton gnathophylloides - Nalesso et al., 1995: 96; Duarte & Nalesso, 1996: 143; Amaral et al., 2010: 249 [not T. gnathophylloides Holthuis, 1951].

Material examined: 1 ovigerous female (cl 4.2 mm), MZUSP 31504, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Angra dos Reis, Praia Grande, 05.ix.1979.

Description: For original description and figures see Almeida et al. (2014).

Distribution: Western Atlantic: Brazil (São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro) (Almeida et al., 2014; present study).

Remarks: The ovigerous female of Typton fapespae from Angra dos Reis represents a slight northward range extension of this species from São Paulo to Rio de Janeiro. The species is unique among the Brazilian species of Typton in having three sharp teeth (one median and two lateral) on the posterior margin of the sixth abdominal somite (Almeida et al., 2014).

Typton prionurusHolthuis, 1951 (Fig. 1)

Figure 1
Typton prionurusHolthuis, 1951: male (cl 2.7 mm), MZUSP 31143, from Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia, Brazil, a: frontal region, dorsal; b: same, lateral; c: sixth abdominal somite, dorsal; d: telson, dorsal; e: third maxilliped, lateral; f: first cheliped, lateral; g: major second cheliped, lateral; h: same, carpus and chela, mesial; i: minor second cheliped, lateral; j: same, carpus and chela, mesial; k: third pereiopod, lateral; l: same, distal propodus and dactylus, lateral; m: uropod, dorsal.

Typton prionurusHolthuis, 1951: 165, pl. 52, figs. a-l; Holthuis, 1952: 19; Bullis & Thompson, 1965: 8; Chace, 1972: 52; Abele & Kim, 1986: 17, 187, figs. a-c; Camp, 1998: 140; Coelho et al., 2006: 51; Duris et al., 2009: 1056; Santana-Moreno et al., 2013: 233, fig. 2L.

Material examined: 1 male (cl 2.7 mm), 1 ovigerous female (cl 2.8 mm), MZUSP 31143, Brazil, Bahia, Baía de Todos os Santos, Porto da Barra, sta. MT6 CA6, 13°00'05"S, 38°32'01"W, associated with Callyspongia sp., depth 4-6 m, coll. C. Menegola & L. Martins, 20.xi.2012.

Description: For original description and figures see Holthuis (1951); the male specimen from Bahia is illustrated in Fig. 1.

Distribution: Western Atlantic: USA (Florida), Mexico (Gulf of Mexico), Brazil (Pará?, Bahia) (Holthuis, 1951; Bullis & Thompson, 1965; Camp, 1998; Duris et al., 2009; Santana-Moreno et al., 2013; present study).

Remarks: The present material confirms the occurrence of Typton prionurus in the southwestern Atlantic (Brazil). The single previous record of T. prionurus from off Pará by Bullis & Thompson (1965) remains doubtful as it was listed as "Typton prionurus Holthuis?", with no further remarks, illustrations or indication of where the corresponding material was deposited. Bullis & Thompson's (1965) record was apparently overlooked by Vieira et al. (2012), although it was listed in an earlier checklist of Coelho et al. (2006). We found no noticeable difference between the present material of T. prionurus (Fig. 1) and Holthuis' (1951) description and figures. The species may be readily distinguished from its West Atlantic congeners by the serrate distolateral margin of the uropodal exopod (Fig. 1m ).

Typton vulcanus Holthuis, 1951 (Fig. 2)

Figure 2
Typton vulcanusHolthuis, 1951: male (cl 2.6 mm), MZUSP 31144, from Baía de Todos os Santos, Bahia, Brazil, a: frontal region, dorsal; b: same, lateral; c: sixth abdominal somite, dorsal; d: telson, dorsal; e: third maxilliped, lateral; f: first cheliped, lateral; g: major second cheliped, lateral; h: same, distal merus, carpus and chela, mesial; i: minor second cheliped, lateral; j: same, distal merus, carpus and chela, mesial; k: third pereiopod, lateral; l: same, distal propodus and dactylus, lateral; m: uropod, dorsal.

Typton vulcanusHolthuis, 1951: 157, pl. 49, figs. a-n; Holthuis, 1952: 19; Chace, 1972: 52; Abele & Kim, 1986: 17, 189, figs. a-c; Camp, 1998: 140; Duris et al., 2009: 1056.

Material examined: 1 male (cl 2.6 mm), MZUSP 31144, Brazil, Bahia, Baía de Todos os Santos, Porto da Barra, sta. MT2 DA3, 13°00'05"S, 38°32'01"W, associated with Callyspongia sp., depth 4-6 m, coll. C. Menegola & L. Martins, 20.xi.2012; 1 ovigerous female (cl 3.2 mm), MZUSP 29180, same collection data.

Description: For original description and figures see Holthuis (1951); the male specimen from Bahia is illustrated in Fig. 2.

Distribution: Western Atlantic: USA (Florida), Mexico (Gulf of Mexico), Colombia (Cape la Vela), Brazil (Bahia) (Holthuis, 1951; Camp, 1998; Duris et al., 2009; present study).

Remarks: The present material represents the first record of occurrence of Typton vulcanus in the southwestern Atlantic. The Brazilian material agrees well with Holthuis' (1951) description and figures of T. vulcanus, although differing in presenting a conspicuous longitudinal depression on the dorsal surface of the major chela (Fig. 2g), a character not mentioned nor illustrated by Holthuis (1951). The importance of this character for species differentiation is yet to be determined by a direct comparison between the Brazilian and Caribbean-Florida materials.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

PP and AA are grateful to Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) of the Ministry of Education of the Brazilian Government, for providing financial support in the form of MSc. and postdoctoral scholarships, respectively. The first phase of this study was realised under AA's appointment as invited researcher at the MZUSP (Programme "Edital Estudo dos Acervos USP" from Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa and Pró-Reitoria de Cultura e Extensão, University of São Paulo) in September to November 2013. Mauro Cardoso Júnior and Joana d'Arc de Jesus Pinto (MZUSP) facilitated finding caridean specimens and/or tracing collection data. MT thanks CNPq (301806/2010-1) and PETROBRAS (4600224970) for supporting studies on the systematics of decapod crustaceans. Alexandre Oliveira de Almeida (Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil) kindly reviewed the original manuscript.

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Publication Dates

• Publication in this collection
  2015

History

• Accepted
  09 Feb 2015