Paracoccidioidomicose enzoótica em tatus (Dasypus novemcinctus) no estado do Pará

Naiff, Roberto D.; Ferreira, Luiz C. L.; Barrett, Toby V.; Naiff, Maricleide F.; Arias, Jorge R.

doi:10.1590/S0036-46651986000100005

Resumos

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis foi encontrado, por inoculação de triturado de fígado e baço em hamsters, em 4 de 20 tatus (Dasypus novemcinctus) examinados na região de Tucuruí, Pará. Hamsters inoculados por via intradérmica e peritoneal com o parasito desenvolveram infecções generalizadas e morreram em 1½ a 13 meses. A diagnose do fungo foi confirmada por histopatologia e cultura. Não se observaram sinais macroscópios de doenças nos tatus. A distribuição geográfica de D. novemcinctus abrange a área endêmica de paracoccidioidomicose humana, sugerindo-se que o tatu tenha algum papel na ecologia do fungo.

Paracoccidioidomicose; Hamsters; Tatus (Dasypus novemcinctus); Ecologia

In spite of an extensive literature on paracoccidioidomycosis, hardly anything is known about the ecology of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in nature. During 1983, 152 wild animals of 21 species "were examined in a survey designed to detect sylvatic hosts of Leishmania near Tucuruí, a region of tropical rainforest with acid soils, in the State of Pará, northern Brazil. Hamsters inoculated with saline suspensions of liver and spleen from 4 out of 20 Dasypus novemcinctus developed generalized systemic infections after 4 to 13 months, with abundant spherical parasitic structures up to 30 mm indiameter, visible in unstained tissue smears. Inoculation of this material into fresh hamsters, produced lethal infections in within 1½ to 5 months, with gross pathological changes in the viscera and abundant parasites characteristic of P. brasiliensis in stained histological sections. Material from infected tissue grew slowly in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar, forming light-coloured cerebriform colonies approximately 1,5 cm in diameter after 2 months at 22-26ºC. Culture material was inoculated intradermally, intraperitoneally and intratesticularly into hamsters, laboratory mice and guinea pigs. Generalized infections were detected after approximately 5 months in female hamsters that had been inoculated intradermally. The fungus was re-isolated in culture from the infected hamsters. Parasites were detected in histological sections of the liver and spleen of the original armadillos, but no gross signs of disease. were noted in these animals. D. novemcinctus is widely distributed in the Neotropical Region but is absent from certain regions, such as Chile and Patagonia, where paracoccidioidomycosis is unknown. The fossorial habits of this armadillo may be relevant in the light of previous suggestions that the saprophytic phase of P. brasiliensis inhabits a subterranean environment. It is suggested that D. novemcinctus may play a part in the ecology of P. brasiliensis in nature.

ARTIGOS ORIGINAIS

Roberto D. Naiff^I; Luiz C. L. Ferreira^II; Toby V. Barrett^I; Maricleide F. Naiff^I; Jorge R. Arias^I

^IConvênio INPA/ELETRONORTE, subprojeto Doenças Endêmicas. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia. Caixa Postal 478, 69.000 Manaus, AM, Brasil

^IIDepartamento de Patologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Amazonas, Manaus

RESUMO

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis foi encontrado, por inoculação de triturado de fígado e baço em hamsters, em 4 de 20 tatus (Dasypus novemcinctus) examinados na região de Tucuruí, Pará. Hamsters inoculados por via intradérmica e peritoneal com o parasito desenvolveram infecções generalizadas e morreram em 1½ a 13 meses. A diagnose do fungo foi confirmada por histopatologia e cultura. Não se observaram sinais macroscópios de doenças nos tatus. A distribuição geográfica de D. novemcinctus abrange a área endêmica de paracoccidioidomicose humana, sugerindo-se que o tatu tenha algum papel na ecologia do fungo.

Unitermos: Paracoccidioidomicose Hamsters Tatus (Dasypus novemcinctus) Ecologia.

SUMMARY

In spite of an extensive literature on paracoccidioidomycosis, hardly anything is known about the ecology of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in nature. During 1983, 152 wild animals of 21 species "were examined in a survey designed to detect sylvatic hosts of Leishmania near Tucuruí, a region of tropical rainforest with acid soils, in the State of Pará, northern Brazil. Hamsters inoculated with saline suspensions of liver and spleen from 4 out of 20 Dasypus novemcinctus developed generalized systemic infections after 4 to 13 months, with abundant spherical parasitic structures up to 30 mm indiameter, visible in unstained tissue smears. Inoculation of this material into fresh hamsters, produced lethal infections in within 1½ to 5 months, with gross pathological changes in the viscera and abundant parasites characteristic of P. brasiliensis in stained histological sections. Material from infected tissue grew slowly in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar, forming light-coloured cerebriform colonies approximately 1,5 cm in diameter after 2 months at 22-26ºC. Culture material was inoculated intradermally, intraperitoneally and intratesticularly into hamsters, laboratory mice and guinea pigs. Generalized infections were detected after approximately 5 months in female hamsters that had been inoculated intradermally. The fungus was re-isolated in culture from the infected hamsters. Parasites were detected in histological sections of the liver and spleen of the original armadillos, but no gross signs of disease. were noted in these animals.

D. novemcinctus is widely distributed in the Neotropical Region but is absent from certain regions, such as Chile and Patagonia, where paracoccidioidomycosis is unknown. The fossorial habits of this armadillo may be relevant in the light of previous suggestions that the saprophytic phase of P. brasiliensis inhabits a subterranean environment. It is suggested that D. novemcinctus may play a part in the ecology of P. brasiliensis in nature.

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Full text available only in PDF format.

AGRADECIMENTOS

Esta pesquisa recebeu apoio financeiro e logístico do subprojeto Doenças Endêmicas (Leishmaniose e Doença de Chagas) do Convênio ELETRONORTE/INPA de 30.01.80. Agradecemos ao Dr. Mario A.P. Moraes pelas sugestoes e comentários sobre o manuscrito original. Aos pesquisadores Guido Ranzani, Juan Revilla e Roberto Fisch pelos dados edáficos, fitogeográficose climáticos. À Professora Gerry B. de Castro da Fundação Universidade do Amazonas pelo assessoramento micoldgico. Ao Artêmio Coelho da Silva pela Fig. 1 e ao Dr. Joachim Adis pela Fig. 6.

Recebido para publicação em 18/3/1985.

1. ARIAS, J. R.; NAIFF, R. D.; MILES, M. A. & SOUZA, A. A. The opossum, Dldelphis marsupialis (Marsupialia: Didelphidae) as a reservoir host of Leishmania brazillensis guyanensis in the Amazon basin of Brazil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 75: 537-541, 1981.
2. BARRETO, M.; BARRETO, P. & D'ALESSANDRO, A. Stomach contents of Colombian armadillos and their infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. J. Mammalogy (in press).
3. BORELLI, D. Hipótesis sobre ecologia de Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Derm. venez. 3: 130-132, 1961/1962.
4. BORELLI, B. Concepto de reservárea. La reducida reservarea de la paracoccidioidosis. Derm. venez. 4: 71-77, 1964.
5. BORELLI, D. Algunos aspectos de la paracoccidioidosis. Derm. venez. 10: 1190 1201 137-1.
6. CASTRILLÓN, A. L.; CARVALHO, R. F.; BORBOREMA, C. A. & PECHER, S. A. Paracoccidioidomicose na Amazônia. (Registro de um caso). Acta Amazônica 2: 55-58, 1972.
7. GREER, D. L. & BOLAÑOS, B. Role of bats In the ecology of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis: the survival of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in the intestinal tract of the frugivorous bat, Artibeus lituratus. Sabouraudia 15: 273-382, 1977.
8 GREER, D. L. & RESTREPO, M. A. La epidemiologia de la paracoccidioidomicosis. Bol. Ofic. sanit. panamer. 82: 428-445, 1977.
9. GROSE, E. & TRAMSITT, J. R. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis from the intestinal tract of three bats (Artibeus lituratus) in Colombia S.A. Sabouraudia 4: 124-125, 1965.
10. JOHNSON, W. D. & LANG, C. M. Paracoccidioidomycosis (South American Blastomycosis) in a squirrel monkey (Salmiri sciureus). Vet. Path. 14: 368-371, 1977.
11. LACAZ, C, da S. South American Blastomycosis. An. Fac. Med. Univ. S. Paulo 29: 120, 1955/1956.
12. LACAZ, C. da S.; PORTO, E. & MARTINS, J. E. C. Micologia Médica. 7.Ş Ed. São Paulo. Sarvier, 1984, 189-216.
13. LACAZ, C. da S. & ROSA, M. C. B. Bibliografia sobre Paracoccidioidomicose (Doença de Luiz) 1908-1978 e Doença de Jorge Lobo (Blastomicose Queloidiforme) 1931-1978. São Paulo, 1979.
14. MEDINA, H. & BODZIAK, C. Contribuição ao conhecimento do ciclo extra-parasitário do Paracoccidioide, brasiliensis. (Almeida, 1931). (Nota prévia). Rev. méd. Paraná 18: 145-148. 1949.
15. MORAES, M. A. P. & FERREIRA, J. L. S. Micoses superficiais e profundas na Amazônia. In: Atas do Simpósio sobre a Biota Amazônica Vol. 6 (Patologia). Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas. H. LENT Ed. Rio de Janeiro, 189-202. 1967.
16. PEREIRA FILHO, M. J. Sobre o saprofitismo do agente da blastomicose sul-americana (Nota prévia). An. bras. Derm. Sit. 24: 299-300, 1949.
17. RESTREPO, M. A.; GREER, D. L & VASCONCELLOS, M. Paracoccidioidomycosis A Review. Rev. med. vet. Mycol. 8: 97-123, 1973.
18. THORNTHWAITE, C. W. An approach toward a rational classification of climate. Geographical. Rev. 38: 55-94, 1948.
19. WEEKS, R. J. & TOSH, F. D. Control of epidemic foci of Histoplasma capsulatum In: AJELLO, L. et al. (Eds.). Histoplasmosis. Proceedings of the second national conference Springfield, Charles C. Thomas, 1971, 184-189.
20. WEISBURD, G. Profilaxis de las mocosis profundas. Rev. Argent. Micol. 5: 32-34, 1982.
21. WETZEL, R. M. Systematics, Distribution, Ecology and Conservation of South American Edentates. In: MARES, m. A. & GENOWAYS, H. H. Mammalian Biology In South America. Special Publ. Ser., Vol. 6, pymatunlng Laboratory of Ecology, University of Pittsburgh, 345-375, 1982.

Paracoccidioidomicose enzoótica em tatus (Dasypus novemcinctus) no estado do Pará

Enzootic paracoccidioidomycosis in armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus) in Pará State, Brazil

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
16 Out 2012
Data do Fascículo
Fev 1986

Histórico

Recebido
18 Mar 1985

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. ARIAS, J. R.; NAIFF, R. D.; MILES, M. A. & SOUZA, A. A. The opossum, Dldelphis marsupialis (Marsupialia: Didelphidae) as a reservoir host of Leishmania brazillensis guyanensis in the Amazon basin of Brazil. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 75: 537-541, 1981.

[2] 2. BARRETO, M.; BARRETO, P. & D'ALESSANDRO, A. Stomach contents of Colombian armadillos and their infection with Trypanosoma cruzi. J. Mammalogy (in press).

[3] 3. BORELLI, D. Hipótesis sobre ecologia de Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Derm. venez. 3: 130-132, 1961/1962.

[4] 4. BORELLI, B. Concepto de reservárea. La reducida reservarea de la paracoccidioidosis. Derm. venez. 4: 71-77, 1964.

[5] 5. BORELLI, D. Algunos aspectos de la paracoccidioidosis. Derm. venez. 10: 1190 1201 137-1.

[6] 6. CASTRILLÓN, A. L.; CARVALHO, R. F.; BORBOREMA, C. A. & PECHER, S. A. Paracoccidioidomicose na Amazônia. (Registro de um caso). Acta Amazônica 2: 55-58, 1972.

[7] 7. GREER, D. L. & BOLAÑOS, B. Role of bats In the ecology of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis: the survival of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in the intestinal tract of the frugivorous bat, Artibeus lituratus. Sabouraudia 15: 273-382, 1977.

[8] 8 GREER, D. L. & RESTREPO, M. A. La epidemiologia de la paracoccidioidomicosis. Bol. Ofic. sanit. panamer. 82: 428-445, 1977.

[9] 9. GROSE, E. & TRAMSITT, J. R. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis from the intestinal tract of three bats (Artibeus lituratus) in Colombia S.A. Sabouraudia 4: 124-125, 1965.

[10] 10. JOHNSON, W. D. & LANG, C. M. Paracoccidioidomycosis (South American Blastomycosis) in a squirrel monkey (Salmiri sciureus). Vet. Path. 14: 368-371, 1977.

[11] 11. LACAZ, C, da S. South American Blastomycosis. An. Fac. Med. Univ. S. Paulo 29: 120, 1955/1956.

[12] 12. LACAZ, C. da S.; PORTO, E. & MARTINS, J. E. C. Micologia Médica. 7.Ş Ed. São Paulo. Sarvier, 1984, 189-216.

[13] 13. LACAZ, C. da S. & ROSA, M. C. B. Bibliografia sobre Paracoccidioidomicose (Doença de Luiz) 1908-1978 e Doença de Jorge Lobo (Blastomicose Queloidiforme) 1931-1978. São Paulo, 1979.

[14] 14. MEDINA, H. & BODZIAK, C. Contribuição ao conhecimento do ciclo extra-parasitário do Paracoccidioide, brasiliensis. (Almeida, 1931). (Nota prévia). Rev. méd. Paraná 18: 145-148. 1949.

[15] 15. MORAES, M. A. P. & FERREIRA, J. L. S. Micoses superficiais e profundas na Amazônia. In: Atas do Simpósio sobre a Biota Amazônica Vol. 6 (Patologia). Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas. H. LENT Ed. Rio de Janeiro, 189-202. 1967.

[16] 16. PEREIRA FILHO, M. J. Sobre o saprofitismo do agente da blastomicose sul-americana (Nota prévia). An. bras. Derm. Sit. 24: 299-300, 1949.

[17] 17. RESTREPO, M. A.; GREER, D. L & VASCONCELLOS, M. Paracoccidioidomycosis A Review. Rev. med. vet. Mycol. 8: 97-123, 1973.

[18] 18. THORNTHWAITE, C. W. An approach toward a rational classification of climate. Geographical. Rev. 38: 55-94, 1948.

[19] 19. WEEKS, R. J. & TOSH, F. D. Control of epidemic foci of Histoplasma capsulatum In: AJELLO, L. et al. (Eds.). Histoplasmosis. Proceedings of the second national conference Springfield, Charles C. Thomas, 1971, 184-189.

[20] 20. WEISBURD, G. Profilaxis de las mocosis profundas. Rev. Argent. Micol. 5: 32-34, 1982.

[21] 21. WETZEL, R. M. Systematics, Distribution, Ecology and Conservation of South American Edentates. In: MARES, m. A. & GENOWAYS, H. H. Mammalian Biology In South America. Special Publ. Ser., Vol. 6, pymatunlng Laboratory of Ecology, University of Pittsburgh, 345-375, 1982.