Giardia muris and Giardia duodenalis groups: ultrastructural differences between the trophozoites

Sogayar, Maria Inês L.; Gregório, Elisa Aparecida

doi:10.1590/S0036-46651989000400006

Abstracts

Trophozoites of the Giardia muris group from hamsters, domestic rats and mice and of the Giardia duodenalis group from hamsters and domestic rats were examined by transmission electron microscopy. The basic ultrastructure of the trophozoites was similar. Differences were shown in the morphology of the ventrolateral flange of the trophozoites of Giardia muris and Giardia duodenalis groups. Marginal plates are less developed in the species of the Giardia duodenalis group. In this group, the distal extremity of the lateral flange is short and thick and the marginal plate does not penetrate into the distal extremity of the flange. In the Giardia muris group, the ventro-lateral flange is well developed and narrow and the marginal plate penetrates the distal extremity of the flange. The osmiophilic lamella, which accompanies the dorsal surface of the marginal plate is seen only in the Giardia muris group.

Giardia muris; Giardia duodenalis; Trophozoite; Ultrastructure

Neste trabalho foi analisada, através de Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão, a morfologia de trofozoitos de Giardia muris obtidos de hamsters, ratos peridomiciliares e camundongos, bem como de trofozoitos de Giardia duodenalis obtidos de hamsters e ratos peridomiciliares. Basicamente a ultraestrutura dos trofozoitos estudados foi semelhante. Foram observadas, no entanto, diferenças na morfologia da franja ventro-lateral dos trofozoitos de Giardia muris quando comparados com os de Giardia duodenalis, diferenças estas relacionadas ao tamanho, arranjo das lâminas marginais e presença de lamela osmiofílica.

ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Maria Inês L. Sogayar^I; Elisa Aparecida Gregório^II

^IDepartment of Parasitology, IBB, UNESP, 18600 Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

^IIDepartment of Morphology, IBB, UNESP, 18600 Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

SUMMARY

Trophozoites of the Giardia muris group from hamsters, domestic rats and mice and of the Giardia duodenalis group from hamsters and domestic rats were examined by transmission electron microscopy. The basic ultrastructure of the trophozoites was similar. Differences were shown in the morphology of the ventrolateral flange of the trophozoites of Giardia muris and Giardia duodenalis groups. Marginal plates are less developed in the species of the Giardia duodenalis group. In this group, the distal extremity of the lateral flange is short and thick and the marginal plate does not penetrate into the distal extremity of the flange. In the Giardia muris group, the ventro-lateral flange is well developed and narrow and the marginal plate penetrates the distal extremity of the flange. The osmiophilic lamella, which accompanies the dorsal surface of the marginal plate is seen only in the Giardia muris group.

Key words:Giardia muris; Giardia duodenalis; Trophozoite, Ultrastructure.

RESUMO

Neste trabalho foi analisada, através de Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão, a morfologia de trofozoitos de Giardia muris obtidos de hamsters, ratos peridomiciliares e camundongos, bem como de trofozoitos de Giardia duodenalis obtidos de hamsters e ratos peridomiciliares. Basicamente a ultraestrutura dos trofozoitos estudados foi semelhante. Foram observadas, no entanto, diferenças na morfologia da franja ventro-lateral dos trofozoitos de Giardia muris quando comparados com os de Giardia duodenalis, diferenças estas relacionadas ao tamanho, arranjo das lâminas marginais e presença de lamela osmiofílica.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This work was supported by a Grant from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, Proc. n° 403177/82) and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP, Proc. n° 83/1428-7). The authors are indebted to Prof. Fernando Motta de Azevedo Corrêa for revision of the manuscript and to Maria Aparecida M. Ramos and Nivalde A. Basso for technical assistance.

REFERENCES

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2. BRUGEROLLE, G. - Contribution a l'étude cytologique et phylétique des diplozoaires (Zoomastigophorea, Diplozoa Dangeard, 1910). V. Nouvelle interprétation de l'organisation cellulaire de Giardia. Protistologica, 11:99-109, 1975.

3. CHEISSIN, E.M. - Ultrastructure of Lamblia duodenalis. I. Body surface, sucking disc and median bodies. J. Protozool., 11:91-98, 1965.

4. FILICE, F.P. - Studies on the cytology and life history of a Giardia from the laboratory rat. Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool., 57:53-146, 1952.

5. FRIEND, D.S. - The fine structure of Giardia muris. J. Cell Biol., 29:317-331, 1966.

6. HOLBERTON, D.V. - Fine structure of the ventral disk apparatus and the mechanism of attachment in the flagellate Giardia muris. J. Cell Biol., 13.11-41, 1973.

7. HOLBERTON, D.V. - Attachment of Giardia, a hidrodynamic model based on flagellar activity. J. Cell. Sci., 60:207-221, 1974.

8. KULDA, J. & NORÝNKOVÁ, E. - Giardia and Giardiasis. In: KREIER, J.P., ed. - Parasitic Protozoa. New York, Academic Press, 1978. vol. 2, p.69-138.

9. MEYER, E.A. - The epidemiology of giardiasis. Parasit. today, 1:101-105, 1985.

10. MORECKI, R. & PARKER, J.C. - Ultrastructural studies of the human Giardia lamblia and subjacent jejunal mucosa in a subject with steatorrhea. Gastroenterology, 52:151-164, 1967.

11. MUELLER, J.C; JONES, A.L. & BRANDBORG, L.L. - SEM observations in human giardiasis. In: JOHARI, O., ed. - Scanning electron microscopy. Chicago, IIT Research Institute, 1973. p.557-564.

12. NEMANIC, P.C.; OWEN, R.L.; STEVENS, D.P. & MUELLER, J.C. - Ultrastructure observations on giardiasis in a mouse model. II. Endosymbiosis and organelle distribution in Giardia muris and Giardia lamblia. J. infect. Dis., 140:222-228, 1979.

13. SOGAYAR, M.I.T.L. & GREGÓRIO, E.A. - Ultrastructure of Giardia canis trophozoites. Zbl. Vet.-Med. B., 31:107-114, 1984.

14. SOLOVIEV, M.M. & CHENTSOV, J.S. - Electron microscope study of Lamblia muris with regard to peculiarities of the ecology of the parasite. Med. Parazit. (Mosk.), 35:667-672, 1966.

15. TAKANO, J. & YARDLEY, J.H. - Jejunal lesions in patients with giardiasis and malabsorption. An electron microscopy study. Bull. Johns Hopk. Hosp., 116:413-429, 1965.

Recebido para publicação em 17/2/1989.

1. BARBIERI, D.; DE BRITO, T.; HOSHIDO, O.; NASCIMENTO F.°, O.B.; MARTINS CAMPOS, J.V.; QUARENTEI, G. & MARCONDES, E. - Giardiasis in childhood. Absorption tests and biochemistry, histochemistry, light and electron microscopy of jejunal mucosa. Arch. Dis. Childh., 45:466-472, 1970.
2. BRUGEROLLE, G. - Contribution a l'étude cytologique et phylétique des diplozoaires (Zoomastigophorea, Diplozoa Dangeard, 1910). V. Nouvelle interprétation de l'organisation cellulaire de Giardia. Protistologica, 11:99-109, 1975.
3. CHEISSIN, E.M. - Ultrastructure of Lamblia duodenalis. I. Body surface, sucking disc and median bodies. J. Protozool., 11:91-98, 1965.
4. FILICE, F.P. - Studies on the cytology and life history of a Giardia from the laboratory rat. Univ. Calif. Publ. Zool., 57:53-146, 1952.
5. FRIEND, D.S. - The fine structure of Giardia muris. J. Cell Biol., 29:317-331, 1966.
6. HOLBERTON, D.V. - Fine structure of the ventral disk apparatus and the mechanism of attachment in the flagellate Giardia muris. J. Cell Biol., 1311-41, 1973.
7. HOLBERTON, D.V. - Attachment of Giardia, a hidrodynamic model based on flagellar activity. J. Cell. Sci., 60:207-221, 1974.
8. KULDA, J. & NORÝNKOVÁ, E. - Giardia and Giardiasis. In: KREIER, J.P., ed. - Parasitic Protozoa. New York, Academic Press, 1978. vol. 2, p.69-138.
9. MEYER, E.A. - The epidemiology of giardiasis. Parasit. today, 1:101-105, 1985.
10. MORECKI, R. & PARKER, J.C. - Ultrastructural studies of the human Giardia lamblia and subjacent jejunal mucosa in a subject with steatorrhea. Gastroenterology, 52:151-164, 1967.
11. MUELLER, J.C; JONES, A.L. & BRANDBORG, L.L. - SEM observations in human giardiasis. In: JOHARI, O., ed. - Scanning electron microscopy. Chicago, IIT Research Institute, 1973. p.557-564.
12. NEMANIC, P.C.; OWEN, R.L.; STEVENS, D.P. & MUELLER, J.C. - Ultrastructure observations on giardiasis in a mouse model. II. Endosymbiosis and organelle distribution in Giardia muris and Giardia lamblia. J. infect. Dis., 140:222-228, 1979.
13. SOGAYAR, M.I.T.L. & GREGÓRIO, E.A. - Ultrastructure of Giardia canis trophozoites. Zbl. Vet.-Med. B., 31:107-114, 1984.
14. SOLOVIEV, M.M. & CHENTSOV, J.S. - Electron microscope study of Lamblia muris with regard to peculiarities of the ecology of the parasite. Med. Parazit. (Mosk.), 35:667-672, 1966.
15. TAKANO, J. & YARDLEY, J.H. - Jejunal lesions in patients with giardiasis and malabsorption. An electron microscopy study. Bull. Johns Hopk. Hosp., 116:413-429, 1965.