Dengue epidemic in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: virological and epidemiological aspects

Miagostovich, Marize P.; Nogueira, Rita M.R.; Cavalcanti, Silvia M.B.; Marzochi, Keyla B.F.; Schatzmayr, Hermann G.

doi:10.1590/S0036-46651993000200006

Abstracts

Laboratorial studies were carried out on 3178 patients with signs and symptoms suggestive of dengue infection from April 1986 to December 1987 in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The epidemic had two peaks following the first virus isolation and affected the inhabitants of 17 counties. Both sex and all age groups were affected. Dengue virus type 1 was isolated from 1039 sera and the number of confirmed cases was increased to 1874 (59%) by MAC-ELISA. Isolation rate confirmed cases reached 80% in the specimens obtained until the 4th day after the onset of disease and viraemia ranged from 10 3.0 to 10(8.5) TCID50/ml.

DEN-1 Virus isolation; Brazil

Foram realizados estudos laboratoriais em 3178 pacientes com sinais e sintomas sugestivos de infecção por dengue no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, no período de abril de 1986 a dezembro de 1987. A epidemia apresentou 2 picos e afetou residentes de 17 municípios. Ambos os sexos e todos os grupos etários foram igualmente afetados. Dengue virus tipo 1 foi isolado de 1039 soros e a utilização do MAC-ELISA elevou para 1874 (59%) o número de casos confirmados. Nestes casos, a taxa de isolamento alcançou 80% nos espécimens obtidos até o quarto dia após o início da doença. A magnitude da viremia variou de 10(3.0) a 10 8.0 TCDI50/ml.

EPIDEMIOLOGY

Dengue epidemic in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: virological and epidemiological aspects

Epidemia de dengue no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil: aspectos virológicos e epidemiológicos

Marize P. Miagostovich^I; Rita M.R. Nogueira^I; Silvia M.B. Cavalcanti^II; Keyla B.F. Marzochi^III; Hermann G. Schatzmayr^I

^IDepartamento de Virologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Caixa Postal 926.21045-360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

^IIUniversidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

^IIIEscola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

SUMMARY

Laboratorial studies were carried out on 3178 patients with signs and symptoms suggestive of dengue infection from April 1986 to December 1987 in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The epidemic had two peaks following the first virus isolation and affected the inhabitants of 17 counties. Both sex and all age groups were affected. Dengue virus type 1 was isolated from 1039 sera and the number of confirmed cases was increased to 1874 (59%) by MAC-ELISA. Isolation rate confirmed cases reached 80% in the specimens obtained until the 4^th day after the onset of disease and viraemia ranged from 10 ^3.0to 10^8.5TCID₅₀/ml.

Key words: DEN-1 Virus isolation; Brazil

RESUMO

Foram realizados estudos laboratoriais em 3178 pacientes com sinais e sintomas sugestivos de infecção por dengue no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, no período de abril de 1986 a dezembro de 1987. A epidemia apresentou 2 picos e afetou residentes de 17 municípios. Ambos os sexos e todos os grupos etários foram igualmente afetados.

Dengue virus tipo 1 foi isolado de 1039 soros e a utilização do MAC-ELISA elevou para 1874 (59%) o número de casos confirmados. Nestes casos, a taxa de isolamento alcançou 80% nos espécimens obtidos até o quarto dia após o início da doença. A magnitude da viremia variou de 10^3.0a 10 ^8.0 TCDI₅₀/ml.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors are grateful to the staff of Evandro Chagas Hospital, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation for providing blood samples and to J.Farias Filho, J. Carvalho Filho for Technical assistance and to Dr. H.G. Pereira for critical review of the manuscript.

Financial support: This work was supported by the IDRC/Canada, Grant nº. 3-p-88-214 and FNS-Ministry of Health, Brazil.

Recebido para publicação em 5/8/1992

Aceito para publicação em 15/10/1992

1. DIETZ, V.J.; GUBLER, D.J.; RIGAU-PEREZ, J.G.; PINHEIRO, F.P & SCHATZMAYR, H.G. - Epidemic Dengue-1 in Brazil, 1986. Evaluation of a clinically based dengue surveillance system. Amer. J. Epidem., 131: 693-701, 1990.
2. GUBLER, D.J. - Current research on dengue. In: HARRIS K.F., ed. Current topics in vector research. New York, Springer-Verlag, 1987. p. 37-56.
3. GUBLER, D.J.; KUNO, G.; SATHER, G.E.; VELEZ, M. & OLIVER, A. - Use of mosquito cell cultures and specific monoclonal antibodies in surveillance for dengue viruses. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 33: 158-165, 1984.
4. GUBLER, D.J.; SUHARYONO, W.; TAN, R.; ABIDIN, M. & SIE, A. - Viraemia in patients with naturally acquired dengue infection. Bull. Wld. Hlth. Org., 89: 623-630, 1981.
5. GUZMAN, M.G.; KOURI, G.P.; BRAVO, J.; CALUNGA, M.; SOLER, M.; VAZQUEZ, S. & VENEREO, C. - Dengue hemorrhagic fever in Cuba. II. Se-rological confirmation of clinical diagnosis. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 78: 235-238, 1984.
6. HENCHAL, E.A.; GENTRY, M.R.; McCOWN, J.M. & BRANDT, E. - Dengue virus-specific and flavivirus group determinants identified with monoclonal antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 31: 830-836, 1982.
7. IGARASHI, A. - Isolation of a Singh's Aedes albopictus cell clone sensitive to dengue and chikungunya viruses. J. gen. Virol., 40: 531-544, 1978.
8. KUNO, G. - Dengue virus replication in a polyploid mosquito cell culture grown in serum-free medium. J. clin. Microbiol., 16: 851-855, 1982.
9. KUNO, G; GOMEZ, I. & GUBLER, D.J. - Detecting artificial anti-dengue IgM immune complexes using an enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 36: 153-159, 1987.
10. LI , F.-S.; YANG, F.-R.; SONG, J.-C.; GAO, H.; TANG, J.-Q.; ZOU, C.-H.; HU, B.-M.; WEN, S.-R. & IU, F.-X. - Etiologic and serologic investigations of the 1980 epidemic of dengue fever on Hainan Island, China. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 35: 1051-1054, 1986.
11. MARIANO, F. - A dengue. Consideraçőes a respeito de sua incursăo no Rio Grande do Sul em 1916. Arch. bras. Med., 7: 272-277, 1917.
12. MORENS, D.M.; RIGAU-PEREZ, J.G.; LOPEZ-CORREA, R.H.; MOORE, C.G.; RUIZ-TIBEN, E.E.; SATHER, G.E.; CHIRIBOGA, J.; ELIASON, D.A.; CASTA-VELEZ, A. & WOODALL, J.P. - Dengue outbreak investigation group dengue in Puerto Rico, 1977: public health response to characterize and control an epidemic of multiple serotypes. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 35: 197-211, 1986.
13. NOGUEIRA, R.M.R.; MIAGOSTOVICH, M.P.; LAMPE, E. & SCHATZMAYR, H.G. - Isolation of dengue virus type 2 in Rio de Janeiro. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 85: 253, 1990.
14. NOGUEIRA, R.M.R.; SCHATZMAYR, H.G.; MIAGOSTOVICH, M.P.; FARIAS, M.F.D.B. & FARIAS FILHO, J.C. - Virological study of dengue type 1 epidemic at Rio de Janeiro. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 83: 219-225, 1988.
15. OSANAI, C.H.; TRAVASSOS DA ROSA, A.P.A; TANG, A.T.; AMARAL, R.S.; PASSOS, A.D.C. & TAUIL, P.L. - Surto de dengue em Boa Vista, Roraima. Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo, 25: 53-54, 1983.
16. PEDRO, A. - O dengue em Nictheroy. Brasil-méd., 1: 172-177, 1923.
17. PINHEIRO, F.P. - Dengue in the America, 1980-87. Epidem. Bull., 10: 1-8, 1989.
18. PINHEIRO, F.P.; SCHATZMAYR, H.G.; TRAVASSOS DA ROSA, A.P.A.; HOMMA, A. & BENSABATH, G. - Arbovirus antibodies in children of Rural Guanabara, Brazil. Intervirology, 5: 93-96, 1975.
19. RACE, M.W.; WILLIAMS, M.C. & AGOSTINI, C.F.M. - Dengue in the Caribbean: virus isolation in a mosquito (Aedes pseudoscutellaris) cell line. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 73: 18-22, 1979.
20. REED, L.J. & MUENCH, H. - A simple method of estimating fifty per cent endpoints. Amer. J. Hyg., 27: 493-497, 1938.
21. REIS, T.J. - A febre dengue em Curityba. Gaz. méd. Bahia, 4: 263-266, 1896.
22. SCHATZMAYR, H.G.; NOGUEIRA, R.M.R. & TRAVASSOS DA ROSA, A.P.A. - An outbreak of dengue virus at Rio de Janeiro - 1986. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 81: 245-246, 1986.
23. SCHOEPP, R.J. & BEATY, B. - Titration of dengue viruses by immunofluorescence in microtiter plates. J. clin. Microbiol., 20: 1017-1019, 1984.
24. TESH, R.B. - A method for the isolation and identification of dengue viruses using mosquito cell cultures. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 28: 1053-1059, 1979.
25. VASCONCELOS, P.F.C.; TRAVASSOS DA ROSA, E.S. TRAVASSOS DA ROSA, J.F.S.; FREITAS, R.B. & TRAVASSOS DA ROSA, A.P.A. - Dengue 2 outbreak in Araguaina, Tocantins State, Brazil. In: Virológica 91. Simpósio Internacional sobre Arboviroses dos Trópicos e Febres e Hemorrágicas, Belém, 1991. Resumos. Belém, Pará, 1991. p. 3.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
27 July 2006
Date of issue
Apr 1993

History

Accepted
15 Oct 1992
Received
05 Aug 1992

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. DIETZ, V.J.; GUBLER, D.J.; RIGAU-PEREZ, J.G.; PINHEIRO, F.P & SCHATZMAYR, H.G. - Epidemic Dengue-1 in Brazil, 1986. Evaluation of a clinically based dengue surveillance system. Amer. J. Epidem., 131: 693-701, 1990.

[2] 2. GUBLER, D.J. - Current research on dengue. In: HARRIS K.F., ed. Current topics in vector research. New York, Springer-Verlag, 1987. p. 37-56.

[3] 3. GUBLER, D.J.; KUNO, G.; SATHER, G.E.; VELEZ, M. & OLIVER, A. - Use of mosquito cell cultures and specific monoclonal antibodies in surveillance for dengue viruses. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 33: 158-165, 1984.

[4] 4. GUBLER, D.J.; SUHARYONO, W.; TAN, R.; ABIDIN, M. & SIE, A. - Viraemia in patients with naturally acquired dengue infection. Bull. Wld. Hlth. Org., 89: 623-630, 1981.

[5] 5. GUZMAN, M.G.; KOURI, G.P.; BRAVO, J.; CALUNGA, M.; SOLER, M.; VAZQUEZ, S. & VENEREO, C. - Dengue hemorrhagic fever in Cuba. II. Se-rological confirmation of clinical diagnosis. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 78: 235-238, 1984.

[6] 6. HENCHAL, E.A.; GENTRY, M.R.; McCOWN, J.M. & BRANDT, E. - Dengue virus-specific and flavivirus group determinants identified with monoclonal antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 31: 830-836, 1982.

[7] 7. IGARASHI, A. - Isolation of a Singh's Aedes albopictus cell clone sensitive to dengue and chikungunya viruses. J. gen. Virol., 40: 531-544, 1978.

[8] 8. KUNO, G. - Dengue virus replication in a polyploid mosquito cell culture grown in serum-free medium. J. clin. Microbiol., 16: 851-855, 1982.

[9] 9. KUNO, G; GOMEZ, I. & GUBLER, D.J. - Detecting artificial anti-dengue IgM immune complexes using an enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 36: 153-159, 1987.

[10] 10. LI , F.-S.; YANG, F.-R.; SONG, J.-C.; GAO, H.; TANG, J.-Q.; ZOU, C.-H.; HU, B.-M.; WEN, S.-R. & IU, F.-X. - Etiologic and serologic investigations of the 1980 epidemic of dengue fever on Hainan Island, China. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 35: 1051-1054, 1986.

[11] 11. MARIANO, F. - A dengue. Consideraçőes a respeito de sua incursăo no Rio Grande do Sul em 1916. Arch. bras. Med., 7: 272-277, 1917.

[12] 12. MORENS, D.M.; RIGAU-PEREZ, J.G.; LOPEZ-CORREA, R.H.; MOORE, C.G.; RUIZ-TIBEN, E.E.; SATHER, G.E.; CHIRIBOGA, J.; ELIASON, D.A.; CASTA-VELEZ, A. & WOODALL, J.P. - Dengue outbreak investigation group dengue in Puerto Rico, 1977: public health response to characterize and control an epidemic of multiple serotypes. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 35: 197-211, 1986.

[13] 13. NOGUEIRA, R.M.R.; MIAGOSTOVICH, M.P.; LAMPE, E. & SCHATZMAYR, H.G. - Isolation of dengue virus type 2 in Rio de Janeiro. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 85: 253, 1990.

[14] 14. NOGUEIRA, R.M.R.; SCHATZMAYR, H.G.; MIAGOSTOVICH, M.P.; FARIAS, M.F.D.B. & FARIAS FILHO, J.C. - Virological study of dengue type 1 epidemic at Rio de Janeiro. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 83: 219-225, 1988.

[15] 15. OSANAI, C.H.; TRAVASSOS DA ROSA, A.P.A; TANG, A.T.; AMARAL, R.S.; PASSOS, A.D.C. & TAUIL, P.L. - Surto de dengue em Boa Vista, Roraima. Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo, 25: 53-54, 1983.

[16] 16. PEDRO, A. - O dengue em Nictheroy. Brasil-méd., 1: 172-177, 1923.

[17] 17. PINHEIRO, F.P. - Dengue in the America, 1980-87. Epidem. Bull., 10: 1-8, 1989.

[18] 18. PINHEIRO, F.P.; SCHATZMAYR, H.G.; TRAVASSOS DA ROSA, A.P.A.; HOMMA, A. & BENSABATH, G. - Arbovirus antibodies in children of Rural Guanabara, Brazil. Intervirology, 5: 93-96, 1975.

[19] 19. RACE, M.W.; WILLIAMS, M.C. & AGOSTINI, C.F.M. - Dengue in the Caribbean: virus isolation in a mosquito (Aedes pseudoscutellaris) cell line. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 73: 18-22, 1979.

[20] 20. REED, L.J. & MUENCH, H. - A simple method of estimating fifty per cent endpoints. Amer. J. Hyg., 27: 493-497, 1938.

[21] 21. REIS, T.J. - A febre dengue em Curityba. Gaz. méd. Bahia, 4: 263-266, 1896.

[22] 22. SCHATZMAYR, H.G.; NOGUEIRA, R.M.R. & TRAVASSOS DA ROSA, A.P.A. - An outbreak of dengue virus at Rio de Janeiro - 1986. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 81: 245-246, 1986.

[23] 23. SCHOEPP, R.J. & BEATY, B. - Titration of dengue viruses by immunofluorescence in microtiter plates. J. clin. Microbiol., 20: 1017-1019, 1984.

[24] 24. TESH, R.B. - A method for the isolation and identification of dengue viruses using mosquito cell cultures. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 28: 1053-1059, 1979.

[25] 25. VASCONCELOS, P.F.C.; TRAVASSOS DA ROSA, E.S. TRAVASSOS DA ROSA, J.F.S.; FREITAS, R.B. & TRAVASSOS DA ROSA, A.P.A. - Dengue 2 outbreak in Araguaina, Tocantins State, Brazil. In: Virológica 91. Simpósio Internacional sobre Arboviroses dos Trópicos e Febres e Hemorrágicas, Belém, 1991. Resumos. Belém, Pará, 1991. p. 3.