Gelatin particle indirect agglutination test for serodiagnosis of schistosomiasis: comparative study with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Kobayashi, Jun; Carrilho, Flair José; Shimabukuro, Tetsu; Silva, Luiz Caetano da; Soares, Elza Cotrim; Nishimura, Nancy Fusae; Chieffi, Pedro Paulo; Sato, Yoshiya

doi:10.1590/S0036-46651994000500001

Abstracts

A new serological test, the gelatin particle agglutination test (GPAT), was used for the serodiagnosis of schistosomiasis mansoni. This technique showed the sensitivity (90.6%) and specificity (97.8%) close to those of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The GPAT can be easily and rapidly performed without specialized equipment, by using lyophilized antigen-coated gelatin particles. The test also seems to be useful for mass screening of Schistosoma infection in field conditions.

Schistosoma mansoni; Serodiagnosis; GPAT (gelatin particle agglutination test); ELISA

Um novo teste sorológico, o teste de aglutinação com partículas de gelatina (TAPG), foi utilizado para o diagnóstico sorológico de esquistossomose mansônica. Esta técnica mostra que a sensibilidade (90.6%) e especificidade (97.8%) chegam próximas do teste de enzima imunoensaio. O TAPG pode ser fácil e rapidamente realizado sem equipamentos especializados usando partículas liofilizadas sensibilizadas com o antígeno. O teste mostrou ser também útil em condições de campo para triagem em massa da infecção pelo Schistosoma mansoni

SEROLOGY

Gelatin particle indirect agglutination test for serodiagnosis of schistosomiasis: comparative study with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Teste de aglutinação indireta com partículas de gelatina: estudo comparativo com enzima imunoensaio

Jun Kobayashi^I,IV; Flair José Carrilho^II; Tetsu Shimabukuro^I; Luiz Caetano da Silva^III; Elza Cotrim Soares^I; Nancy Fusae Nishimura^I; Pedro Paulo Chieffi^III,VI; Yoshiya Sato^IV,V

^ILaboratório de Imuno-Parasitologia, Gastrocentro, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil

^IIDepartment of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, SP, Brasil

^IIIInstituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. (LIM-06)

^IVDepartment of Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Japan

^VResearch Center of Comprehensive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Japan

^VIDepartment of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil

^{Correspondence to} Correspondence to: Jun Kobayashi Gastrocentro Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Cidade Universitária "Zeferino Vaz" B. Geraldo, 13081 -970 Campinas, SP, Brasil

SUMMARY

A new serological test, the gelatin particle agglutination test (GPAT), was used for the serodiagnosis of schistosomiasis mansoni. This technique showed the sensitivity (90.6%) and specificity (97.8%) close to those of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The GPAT can be easily and rapidly performed without specialized equipment, by using lyophilized antigen-coated gelatin particles. The test also seems to be useful for mass screening of Schistosoma infection in field conditions.

Keywords:Schistosoma mansoni; Serodiagnosis; GPAT (gelatin particle agglutination test); ELISA.

RESUMO

Um novo teste sorológico, o teste de aglutinação com partículas de gelatina (TAPG), foi utilizado para o diagnóstico sorológico de esquistossomose mansônica. Esta técnica mostra que a sensibilidade (90.6%) e especificidade (97.8%) chegam próximas do teste de enzima imunoensaio.

O TAPG pode ser fácil e rapidamente realizado sem equipamentos especializados usando partículas liofilizadas sensibilizadas com o antígeno.

O teste mostrou ser também útil em condições de campo para triagem em massa da infecção pelo Schistosoma mansoni.

Full text available only in PDF format.

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

We are grateful to Fujirebio Inc., Tokyo, Japan (Mr. S. Hanzawa and Mr. Y. Nagafuchi) for supplying the gelatin particles and to Prof. Dr. M. Tanabe, Keio University, for his kind advices. This study was supported in part by The JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) Technical Co-operation for the Project on Gastroenterological Diagnosis and Research Center of the State University of Campinas.

Recebido para publicação em 02/12/1993

Aceito para publicação em 12/04/1994

1. AMBROISE-THOMAS, P. & GRILLOT, R. - L'hémmagglutination indirecte dans le diagnostic des bilharzioses. Comparison a I'immunofluorescence indirecte dans l'étude de 3,624 sérums humains. Bull Soc. Path. exot., 73: 277-288, 1980.
2. BARAKAT, R.M.; El-GASSIM, E.E.; AWADALLA, H.N.; El-MOLLA, A. & OMAR, E.A. - Evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as a diagnostic tool for schistosomiasis. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 77: 109-111, 1983.
3. COUDERT, J.; AMBROISE, T.P.; POTHIER, M.A. & KIEN TRUONG, T. - Evolution de taux des anticorps fluorescents dans 58 cas de Bilharzioses intestinales ou urinaires traitées par le Nitrothiamidazole. Lyon méd., 219: 1041-1046, 1968.
4. DEELDER, A.M. & KORENLIS, D. - Immunodiagnosis of recently acquired Schistosoma mansoni infection. A comparison of various immunological techniques. Trop. geogr. Med., 33: 36-41, 1981.
5. FARAG, H.F. & BARAKAT, R.M.R. - The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the diagnosis of human bilharziasis. Tropenmed. Parasit., 29: 12-14, 1978.
6. HASSAN, F.; ABDEL-WAHAB, M.F.; NOSSSEUR, A. et al. - Evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the immunodiagnosis of schistosomiasis. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 82: 3-7, 1979.
7. HILLYER, G.V. & GOMES de RIOS, I. - The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the immunodiagnosis of schistosomiasis. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 28: 237-241, 1979.
8. HOSHINO, S.; CAMARGO, M.E. & SILVA, L.C. - Standardization of a hemagglutination test for schistosomiasis with formalin-treated human erythrocytes. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 19: 463-470, 1970.
9. HULDT, G.; LAGERQUIST, B.; PHILLIPS, T.; DRAPER, C.C. & VOLLER, A. - Detection of antibodies in schistosomiasis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Ann. trop. Med. Parasit., 69: 483-488, 1975.
10. IKEDA, M.; FUJINO, R.; MATSUI, T. et al. - A new agglutination test for serum antibodies to adult T-cell leukemia virus. Gann, 75: 845-848, 1984.
11. IZUMI, S.; FUJTWARA, T.; IKEDA, M. et al. - Novel gelatin particle agglutination test for serodiagnosis of leprosy in the field. J. clin. Microbiol., 18: 525-529, 1990.
12. JENNIS, F. - A simplified hemagglutination test for toxoplasmosis using pyrvic aldehyde-treated cells. Aust. J. exp. Biol. med. Sci., 44: 317-322, 1966.
13. KAGAN, I.G. - Serologie diagnosis of schistosomiasis. Bull. N. Y. Acad. Med., 44: 262-277, 1968.
14. KAGAN, I.G. & OLIVER-GONZALEZ, J. - Hemagglutination studies with Schistosoma antigens. J. Parasit., 44: 457-460, 1958.
15. LEWERT, R.M.; YOGORE, M.G. & BLAS, B.L. - Seroepidemiology of schistosomiasis japonica by ELISA in the Philippines. II. Unreliability of stool examination in the measurement of incidence. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 33: 872-881, 1984.
16. LING, N.R. - The attachment of proteins to aldehyde-tanned cells. Brit. J. Haeniat., 7: 229-302, 1961.
17. LUNDE, M.N. & JACOBS, L. - Evaluation of a latex agglutination test for toxoplasmosis. J. Parasit., 53: 933-936, 1967.
18. MADDISON, S.E. - Schistosomiasis. In: WALLS, K.W. & SCHANTZ, P.M., ed. Immunodiagnosis of parasitic diseases. Orlando, Academic Press, 1986. p. 1-37.
19. McLAREN, M.L.; NZELIBE, F.K.; SIMONTON, L.A. & FIFE, E.H. - Schistosomiasis: evaluation of the indirect fluorescent antibody, complement fixation, and slide flocculation tests in screening for schistosomiasis. Exp. Parasit., 37: 239-250, 1975.
20. McLAREN, M.L., DRAPER, C.C.; ROBERTS, J.M. et al. - Studies on the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test for Schistosoma mansoni infections. Ann. trop. Med. Parasit., 72: 243-253, 1978.
21. McLAREN, M.L.; LONG, E.G.; GOODGAME, R.W. & LILLYWHITE, J.E. - Application of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the serodiagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni infections. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 73: 636-639, 1979.
22. OELERICH, S.; BÜTTNER, D.W.; DIETZ, G. & MUHL, H. - Immunodiagnostische Untersuchungen bei der bilharziose. IV. Antikörpernachweis aus eluaten von blut-und serum-filter-papierplättchen. Tropenmed. Parasit., 26: 431-434, 1975.
23. SATO, Y. & RYUMON, I. - Gelatin particle indirect agglutination test for serodiagnosis of human strongyloidiasis. Jap. J. Parasit., 39: 213-219, 1990.
24. SATO, Y.; TAKARA, M. & OTSURU, M. - Detection of antibodies in strongyloidiasis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 79: 51-55, 1985.
25. SATO, Y.; TAKARA, M.; KIYUNA, S. & SHIROMA, Y. - Gelatin particle indirect agglutination test for mass examination for strongyloidiasis. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 85: 515-518, 1991.
26. SCHINSKI, V.D.; CLUTTER, W.C. & MURRELL, K.D. - Enzyme and ¹²⁵I-labeled anti-immunoglobulin assays in the immunodiagnosis of schistosomiasis. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 25: 824-831, 1976.
27. TANABE, M.; OKAZAKI, M.; OKAZAKI, M. et al. - Serological studies on schistosomiasis mansoni in the northeast Brazil (I). Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo, 32: 121-131, 1990.
28. TERPSTRA, W.J.; van HELDEN, H.P.T. & EYAKUZE, V.M. - The indirect fluorescent antibody test for Seroepidemiological studies in schistosomiasis in East Africa. Bull. Soc. Path. exot., 73: 74-85, 1980.
29. WILSON, M.; SULZER, A.J. & WALLS, K.W. - Modified antigens in the indirect immunofluorescent test for schistosomiasis. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 23: 1072-1076, 1976.
30. YOGORE, M.G.; LEWERT, R.M. & BLAS, B.L. - Seroepidemiology of schistosomiasis japonica by ELISA in the Philippines. I. Underestimation by stool examination of the prevalence of incidence in school children. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 32: 1322-1334, 1983.
31. YOSHIDA, T.; MATSUI, T.; KOBAYASHI, S. et al. - A novel agglutination test for the human immunodeficiency virus antibody: a comparative study with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunofluorescence. Jap. J. Cancer Res., 77: 1211-1231, 1986.

Correspondence to:

Jun Kobayashi

Gastrocentro Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Cidade Universitária "Zeferino Vaz"

B. Geraldo, 13081 -970 Campinas, SP, Brasil

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
21 Sept 2006
Date of issue
Oct 1994

History

Accepted
12 Apr 1994
Received
02 Dec 1993

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. AMBROISE-THOMAS, P. & GRILLOT, R. - L'hémmagglutination indirecte dans le diagnostic des bilharzioses. Comparison a I'immunofluorescence indirecte dans l'étude de 3,624 sérums humains. Bull Soc. Path. exot., 73: 277-288, 1980.

[2] 2. BARAKAT, R.M.; El-GASSIM, E.E.; AWADALLA, H.N.; El-MOLLA, A. & OMAR, E.A. - Evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as a diagnostic tool for schistosomiasis. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 77: 109-111, 1983.

[3] 3. COUDERT, J.; AMBROISE, T.P.; POTHIER, M.A. & KIEN TRUONG, T. - Evolution de taux des anticorps fluorescents dans 58 cas de Bilharzioses intestinales ou urinaires traitées par le Nitrothiamidazole. Lyon méd., 219: 1041-1046, 1968.

[4] 4. DEELDER, A.M. & KORENLIS, D. - Immunodiagnosis of recently acquired Schistosoma mansoni infection. A comparison of various immunological techniques. Trop. geogr. Med., 33: 36-41, 1981.

[5] 5. FARAG, H.F. & BARAKAT, R.M.R. - The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the diagnosis of human bilharziasis. Tropenmed. Parasit., 29: 12-14, 1978.

[6] 6. HASSAN, F.; ABDEL-WAHAB, M.F.; NOSSSEUR, A. et al. - Evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the immunodiagnosis of schistosomiasis. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 82: 3-7, 1979.

[7] 7. HILLYER, G.V. & GOMES de RIOS, I. - The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the immunodiagnosis of schistosomiasis. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 28: 237-241, 1979.

[8] 8. HOSHINO, S.; CAMARGO, M.E. & SILVA, L.C. - Standardization of a hemagglutination test for schistosomiasis with formalin-treated human erythrocytes. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 19: 463-470, 1970.

[9] 9. HULDT, G.; LAGERQUIST, B.; PHILLIPS, T.; DRAPER, C.C. & VOLLER, A. - Detection of antibodies in schistosomiasis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Ann. trop. Med. Parasit., 69: 483-488, 1975.

[10] 10. IKEDA, M.; FUJINO, R.; MATSUI, T. et al. - A new agglutination test for serum antibodies to adult T-cell leukemia virus. Gann, 75: 845-848, 1984.

[11] 11. IZUMI, S.; FUJTWARA, T.; IKEDA, M. et al. - Novel gelatin particle agglutination test for serodiagnosis of leprosy in the field. J. clin. Microbiol., 18: 525-529, 1990.

[12] 12. JENNIS, F. - A simplified hemagglutination test for toxoplasmosis using pyrvic aldehyde-treated cells. Aust. J. exp. Biol. med. Sci., 44: 317-322, 1966.

[13] 13. KAGAN, I.G. - Serologie diagnosis of schistosomiasis. Bull. N. Y. Acad. Med., 44: 262-277, 1968.

[14] 14. KAGAN, I.G. & OLIVER-GONZALEZ, J. - Hemagglutination studies with Schistosoma antigens. J. Parasit., 44: 457-460, 1958.

[15] 15. LEWERT, R.M.; YOGORE, M.G. & BLAS, B.L. - Seroepidemiology of schistosomiasis japonica by ELISA in the Philippines. II. Unreliability of stool examination in the measurement of incidence. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 33: 872-881, 1984.

[16] 16. LING, N.R. - The attachment of proteins to aldehyde-tanned cells. Brit. J. Haeniat., 7: 229-302, 1961.

[17] 17. LUNDE, M.N. & JACOBS, L. - Evaluation of a latex agglutination test for toxoplasmosis. J. Parasit., 53: 933-936, 1967.

[18] 18. MADDISON, S.E. - Schistosomiasis. In: WALLS, K.W. & SCHANTZ, P.M., ed. Immunodiagnosis of parasitic diseases. Orlando, Academic Press, 1986. p. 1-37.

[19] 19. McLAREN, M.L.; NZELIBE, F.K.; SIMONTON, L.A. & FIFE, E.H. - Schistosomiasis: evaluation of the indirect fluorescent antibody, complement fixation, and slide flocculation tests in screening for schistosomiasis. Exp. Parasit., 37: 239-250, 1975.

[20] 20. McLAREN, M.L., DRAPER, C.C.; ROBERTS, J.M. et al. - Studies on the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test for Schistosoma mansoni infections. Ann. trop. Med. Parasit., 72: 243-253, 1978.

[21] 21. McLAREN, M.L.; LONG, E.G.; GOODGAME, R.W. & LILLYWHITE, J.E. - Application of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the serodiagnosis of Schistosoma mansoni infections. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 73: 636-639, 1979.

[22] 22. OELERICH, S.; BÜTTNER, D.W.; DIETZ, G. & MUHL, H. - Immunodiagnostische Untersuchungen bei der bilharziose. IV. Antikörpernachweis aus eluaten von blut-und serum-filter-papierplättchen. Tropenmed. Parasit., 26: 431-434, 1975.

[23] 23. SATO, Y. & RYUMON, I. - Gelatin particle indirect agglutination test for serodiagnosis of human strongyloidiasis. Jap. J. Parasit., 39: 213-219, 1990.

[24] 24. SATO, Y.; TAKARA, M. & OTSURU, M. - Detection of antibodies in strongyloidiasis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 79: 51-55, 1985.

[25] 25. SATO, Y.; TAKARA, M.; KIYUNA, S. & SHIROMA, Y. - Gelatin particle indirect agglutination test for mass examination for strongyloidiasis. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 85: 515-518, 1991.

[26] 26. SCHINSKI, V.D.; CLUTTER, W.C. & MURRELL, K.D. - Enzyme and ¹²⁵I-labeled anti-immunoglobulin assays in the immunodiagnosis of schistosomiasis. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 25: 824-831, 1976.

[27] 27. TANABE, M.; OKAZAKI, M.; OKAZAKI, M. et al. - Serological studies on schistosomiasis mansoni in the northeast Brazil (I). Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo, 32: 121-131, 1990.

[28] 28. TERPSTRA, W.J.; van HELDEN, H.P.T. & EYAKUZE, V.M. - The indirect fluorescent antibody test for Seroepidemiological studies in schistosomiasis in East Africa. Bull. Soc. Path. exot., 73: 74-85, 1980.

[29] 29. WILSON, M.; SULZER, A.J. & WALLS, K.W. - Modified antigens in the indirect immunofluorescent test for schistosomiasis. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 23: 1072-1076, 1976.

[30] 30. YOGORE, M.G.; LEWERT, R.M. & BLAS, B.L. - Seroepidemiology of schistosomiasis japonica by ELISA in the Philippines. I. Underestimation by stool examination of the prevalence of incidence in school children. Amer. J. trop. Med. Hyg., 32: 1322-1334, 1983.

[31] 31. YOSHIDA, T.; MATSUI, T.; KOBAYASHI, S. et al. - A novel agglutination test for the human immunodeficiency virus antibody: a comparative study with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunofluorescence. Jap. J. Cancer Res., 77: 1211-1231, 1986.