Concomitant rotavirus serotypes 1 and 4 infections in a diarrhoeic child from Belém, Brazil

Mascarenhas, J.D.P.; Gusmão, R.H.P.; Gabbay, Y.B.; Monteiro, T.A.F.; Gomes, J.B.; Linhares, A.C.

doi:10.1590/S0036-46651996000400002

Abstracts

Concomitant serotypes 1 and 4 infections were detected in a 15-month old female child with community-acquired diarrhoea which lasted 7 days and coursed with moderate dehydration. The evidence for dual rotavirus infection was offered by the following findings: a) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) positive reactions to both 1 and 4 serotypes; and b) extra-migrating bands at electro-phoresis of RNA in polyacrylamide gel (PAGE). These results suggest that children living under poor sanitation conditions are heavily exposed to rotavirus infections; in addition, the co-circulation of different serotypes in the same setting sustains the current concept that a rotavirus vaccine should be rnultivalent, in order to protect children against the four epidemiologically important rotavirus G serotypes.

Concomitant; rotavirus; Serotypes 1 and 4; Infections

Infecções simultâneas por sorotipos 1 e 4 de rotavírus foram observadas em uma criança de 15 meses de idade, do sexo feminino, internada com dirréia aguda contraída na comunidade que perdurou por 7 dias, evoluindo com desidratação moderada. As evidências dessas infecções foram inferidas baseadas em testes tais como: a) ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA), evidenciando-se reação positiva para os sorotipos 1 e 4; e b) migrações extras de segmentos de ARN visualizados à eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida (EGPA). Esses resultados sugerem que as condições precárias de higiene e saneamento em que vivia essa criança propiciam a infecção maciça por esses agentes virais. Além disso, a co-circulação de diferentes sorotipos no mesmo ambiente sustenta a necessidade de utilizar-se, no futuro, uma vacina polivalente, que proteja as crianças contra os quatro sorotipos G, epidemiologicamente importantes.

VIROLOGY

Concomitant rotavirus serotypes 1 and 4 infections in a diarrhoeic child from Belém, Brazil

Infecção concomitante por sorotipos 1 e 4 de rotavírus em uma criança diarréica de Belém, Brasil

J.D.P. Mascarenhas; R.H.P. Gusmão; Y.B. Gabbay; T.A.F. Monteiro; J.B. Gomes; A.C. Linhares

Serviço de Virologia Geral do Instituto Evandro Chagas. Av. Almirante Barroso, 492. 66.090-000 Belém, Pará, Brasil

^{Correspondence to} Correspondence to: Dr. Joana D.P. Mascarenhas Instituto Evandro Chagas Avenida Almirante Barroso 492 66090-000 Belém, Pará, Brasil

SUMMARY

Concomitant serotypes 1 and 4 infections were detected in a 15-month old female child with community-acquired diarrhoea which lasted 7 days and coursed with moderate dehydration. The evidence for dual rotavirus infection was offered by the following findings: a) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) positive reactions to both 1 and 4 serotypes; and b) extra-migrating bands at electro-phoresis of RNA in polyacrylamide gel (PAGE). These results suggest that children living under poor sanitation conditions are heavily exposed to rotavirus infections; in addition, the co-circulation of different serotypes in the same setting sustains the current concept that a rotavirus vaccine should be rnultivalent, in order to protect children against the four epidemiologically important rotavirus G serotypes.

Keywords: Concomitant; rotavirus; Serotypes 1 and 4; Infections.

RESUMO

Infecções simultâneas por sorotipos 1 e 4 de rotavírus foram observadas em uma criança de 15 meses de idade, do sexo feminino, internada com dirréia aguda contraída na comunidade que perdurou por 7 dias, evoluindo com desidratação moderada. As evidências dessas infecções foram inferidas baseadas em testes tais como: a) ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA), evidenciando-se reação positiva para os sorotipos 1 e 4; e b) migrações extras de segmentos de ARN visualizados à eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida (EGPA). Esses resultados sugerem que as condições precárias de higiene e saneamento em que vivia essa criança propiciam a infecção maciça por esses agentes virais. Além disso, a co-circulação de diferentes sorotipos no mesmo ambiente sustenta a necessidade de utilizar-se, no futuro, uma vacina polivalente, que proteja as crianças contra os quatro sorotipos G, epidemiologicamente importantes.

Full text available only in PDF format.

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The authors thank Drs. Zéa L. Lainson, Francisco Lúzio P. Ramos and Sebastião S. Valente for assistence in the bacteriological and parasitological studies.

Recebido para publicação em 01/04/1996

Aceito para publicação em 16/07/1996

1. AHMED, M.U.; URASAWA, S.; TANIGUCHI, K. et al. - Analysis of human rotavirus strains prevailing in Bangladesh in relation to nationwide floods brought by the 1988 mouson. J. clin. Microbiol., 29: 2273-2279, 1991.
2. BEARDS, G.; XU, L.; BALLARD, A.; DESSELBERGER, U. & MCCRAE, M.A. - A serotype 10 human rotavirus. J. clin. Microbiol., 30: 1432-1435, 1992.
3. BISHOP, R.F.; UNICOMB, L.E. & BARNES, G.L. - Epidemiology of rotavirus serotypes in Melburne, Australia, from 1973 to 1989. J. clin. Microbiol., 29: 862-868, 1991.
4. ESPEJO, R.T.; CALDERON, E.; GONZÁLEZ, N. et al. - Presence of two distinct types of rotavirus in infants and young children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Mexico city. J. infect. Dis., 139: 474-477, 1979.
5. FLEWETT, T.H.; ARIAS, C.F.; AVEDANO, L.F. et al. - Comparative evaluation of the WHO and DAKOPATTS enzyme linked immunoassay kit for the rotavirus detection. Bull. Wld. Hlth. Org., 67: 369-374, 1989.
6. FREITAS, R.B.; GABBAY, Y.B.; LINHARES, A.C. & MASCARENHAS, J.D.P. - Tręs episódios sucessivos de infecçăo por rotavírus em uma criança de Belém, Pará, Brasil. Rev. bras. Pat. clín., 25: 52-55, 1989.
7. GARCIA, L.S.; BRUCKNER, D.A.; BREWER, T.C. & SHUMIZU, R.Y. - Techniques for recovery and identification of Criptosporidium oocysts from stool specimens. J. clin. Microbiol., 18: 185-190, 1983.
8. GERNA, G.; BATTAGLIA, M.; MILANESI, G. et al. - Serotyping of cell culture-adapted subgroup 2 human rotavirus strains by neutralization. Infect. Inimun., 43: 722-729, 1984.
9. GERNA, G.; SARASINI, A.; DI-MATEO, A. et al. - Serotype 3 human rotavirus strains with subgroup I specificity. J. clin. Microbiol., 28: 1342-1347, 1990.
10. GREENBERG, H.; MCAULIFFE, V.; VALDESUSO, J. et al. - Serologycal analysis of the subgroup protein of rotavirus using monoclonal antibodies. Infect. Immun., 39: 91-99, 1983.
11. GUSMĂO, R.H.P.; MASCARENHAS, J.D.P.; GABBAY, Y.B. & LINHARES, AC. - Nosocomial transmission of an avian-like rotavirus strain among children in Belém, Brazil. J. Diarrhoeal Dis. Res., 12: 129-134, 1994.
12. GUSMĂO, R.H.P.; MASCARENHAS, J.D.P.; GABBAY, Y.B. et al. - Rotaviruses as a cause of nosocomial, infantile diarrhoea in Northern Brazil: pilot study. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 90: 743-749, 1995.
¹³
INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE - Prospects for immunizing against rotavirus. In: New vaccine development. Establishing priorities. Appendix D-13. Washington, National Academy Press, 1986. p. 308-318. (Diseases of importance in developing countries, v. 2).
14. KAPIKIAN, A.Z. & CHANOCK, R.M. - Viral gastroenteritis. In: EVANS, A.S. ed. Viral infections of human. Epidemiology and control. New York, Plenum, 1989. p. 293-340.
15. KAPIKIAN, A.Z. & CHANOCK, R.M. - Rotaviruses. In: FIELDS, B.N.; KNIPE, D.M.; CHANOCK, R.M. et al., ed. Virology, New York, Raven Press, 1990. p. 1353-1404.
16. KIM, R.H.; YANG, J.M.; JOO, S.I. et al. - Importance of rotavirus and adenovirus types 40 and 41 in acute gastroenteritis in Korean children. J. clin. Microbiol., 28: 2279-2284, 1990.
17. LAEMMLI, U.K. - Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature (Lond.), 227: 680-685, 1970.
18. LINHARES, A.C.; MONÇĂO, H.C.; GABBAY, Y.B. et al. - Acute diarrhoea associated with rotavirus among children living in Belém, Brazil. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 77: 384-390, 1983.
19. LINHARES, A.C.; GABBAY, Y.B.; MASCARENHAS, J.D.P. et al. - Epidemiology of rotavirus, subgroups and serotypes in Belém, Brazil: a three-year study. Ann. Inst. Pasteur Virol. (Paris), 139: 89-99, 1988.
20. LINHARES, A.C.; GABBAY, Y.B.; FREITAS, R.B. et al. - Longitudinal study of rotavirus infection among children from Belém, Brazil. Epidem. Infect., 102: 129-145, 1989.
21. MASCARENHAS, J.D.P.; GABBAY, Y.B.; FREITAS, R.B. & LINHARES, A.C. - Distribuiçăo temporal de perfis eletroforéticos de ácido nucléico de rotavírus em fezes de crianças de Belém, Pará. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 83: 415-419, 1988.
22. MATSUNO, Y.; HASEGAWA, A.; MUCOYAMA, A. & INOWYE, S. - A candidate for a new serotype of human rotavirus. J. Virol., 54: 623-624, 1985.
23. OLIVEIRA, C.S.; LINHARES, A.C.; BELLESI, N. et al. - Tripla infecçăo por rotavírus em uma criança de Belém, Pará. J. Pediat. (Rio de J.), 70: 240-242, 1994.
24. PALOMBO, E.A.; BISHOP, R.F. & COTTON. R.G. - Sequence conservation within neutralization epitope regions of VP7 and VP4 proteins of human serotype G4 rotavirus isolates. Arch. Virol., 133: 323-334, 1993.
25. PEREIRA, H.G.; LINHARES, A.C.; CANDEIAS, J.A.N. & GLASS, R.I. - National laboratory surveillance of viral agents of gastroenteritis in Brazil. Bull. Pan. Amer. Hlth. Org., 27: 224-233, 1993.
26. TANIGUCHI, K.; URASAWA, T.; URASAWA, S. & YASWHARA, T. - Introduction of subgroup-specific monoclonal antibodies against human rotaviruses and their application to an enzyme linked-immunosorbent assay for subgroup determination. J. med. Virol., 14: 115-125, 1984.
27. TANIGUCHI, K.; URASAWA,T.; MORITA, Y.; GREENBERG, H.B. & URASAWA, S. - Direct serotyping of human rotavirus in stools using serotype 1-, 2-, 3- and 4 specific monoclonal antibodies to VP7. J. infect. Dis., 155: 1159-1166, 1987.
28. URASAWA, T.; TANIGUCHI, K. KOBAYASHI, N. et al. - Nucleotide sequence of VP4 and VP7 genes of a unique human rotavirus strain Mc35 with subgroup I and serotype 10 specificity. Virology, 195: 766-771, 1993.
²⁹
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION - Manual for laboratory investigations of acute enteric infections. Geneva, WHO, 1987. CDD/83.3 (Rev. 1).

Correspondence to:

Dr. Joana D.P. Mascarenhas

Instituto Evandro Chagas

Avenida Almirante Barroso 492

66090-000 Belém, Pará, Brasil

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
22 Sept 2006
Date of issue
Aug 1996

History

Received
01 Apr 1996
Accepted
16 July 1996

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. AHMED, M.U.; URASAWA, S.; TANIGUCHI, K. et al. - Analysis of human rotavirus strains prevailing in Bangladesh in relation to nationwide floods brought by the 1988 mouson. J. clin. Microbiol., 29: 2273-2279, 1991.

[2] 2. BEARDS, G.; XU, L.; BALLARD, A.; DESSELBERGER, U. & MCCRAE, M.A. - A serotype 10 human rotavirus. J. clin. Microbiol., 30: 1432-1435, 1992.

[3] 3. BISHOP, R.F.; UNICOMB, L.E. & BARNES, G.L. - Epidemiology of rotavirus serotypes in Melburne, Australia, from 1973 to 1989. J. clin. Microbiol., 29: 862-868, 1991.

[4] 4. ESPEJO, R.T.; CALDERON, E.; GONZÁLEZ, N. et al. - Presence of two distinct types of rotavirus in infants and young children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Mexico city. J. infect. Dis., 139: 474-477, 1979.

[5] 5. FLEWETT, T.H.; ARIAS, C.F.; AVEDANO, L.F. et al. - Comparative evaluation of the WHO and DAKOPATTS enzyme linked immunoassay kit for the rotavirus detection. Bull. Wld. Hlth. Org., 67: 369-374, 1989.

[6] 6. FREITAS, R.B.; GABBAY, Y.B.; LINHARES, A.C. & MASCARENHAS, J.D.P. - Tręs episódios sucessivos de infecçăo por rotavírus em uma criança de Belém, Pará, Brasil. Rev. bras. Pat. clín., 25: 52-55, 1989.

[7] 7. GARCIA, L.S.; BRUCKNER, D.A.; BREWER, T.C. & SHUMIZU, R.Y. - Techniques for recovery and identification of Criptosporidium oocysts from stool specimens. J. clin. Microbiol., 18: 185-190, 1983.

[8] 8. GERNA, G.; BATTAGLIA, M.; MILANESI, G. et al. - Serotyping of cell culture-adapted subgroup 2 human rotavirus strains by neutralization. Infect. Inimun., 43: 722-729, 1984.

[9] 9. GERNA, G.; SARASINI, A.; DI-MATEO, A. et al. - Serotype 3 human rotavirus strains with subgroup I specificity. J. clin. Microbiol., 28: 1342-1347, 1990.

[10] 10. GREENBERG, H.; MCAULIFFE, V.; VALDESUSO, J. et al. - Serologycal analysis of the subgroup protein of rotavirus using monoclonal antibodies. Infect. Immun., 39: 91-99, 1983.

[11] 11. GUSMĂO, R.H.P.; MASCARENHAS, J.D.P.; GABBAY, Y.B. & LINHARES, AC. - Nosocomial transmission of an avian-like rotavirus strain among children in Belém, Brazil. J. Diarrhoeal Dis. Res., 12: 129-134, 1994.

[12] 12. GUSMĂO, R.H.P.; MASCARENHAS, J.D.P.; GABBAY, Y.B. et al. - Rotaviruses as a cause of nosocomial, infantile diarrhoea in Northern Brazil: pilot study. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 90: 743-749, 1995.

[13] ¹³
INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE - Prospects for immunizing against rotavirus. In: New vaccine development. Establishing priorities. Appendix D-13. Washington, National Academy Press, 1986. p. 308-318. (Diseases of importance in developing countries, v. 2).

[14] 14. KAPIKIAN, A.Z. & CHANOCK, R.M. - Viral gastroenteritis. In: EVANS, A.S. ed. Viral infections of human. Epidemiology and control. New York, Plenum, 1989. p. 293-340.

[15] 15. KAPIKIAN, A.Z. & CHANOCK, R.M. - Rotaviruses. In: FIELDS, B.N.; KNIPE, D.M.; CHANOCK, R.M. et al., ed. Virology, New York, Raven Press, 1990. p. 1353-1404.

[16] 16. KIM, R.H.; YANG, J.M.; JOO, S.I. et al. - Importance of rotavirus and adenovirus types 40 and 41 in acute gastroenteritis in Korean children. J. clin. Microbiol., 28: 2279-2284, 1990.

[17] 17. LAEMMLI, U.K. - Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature (Lond.), 227: 680-685, 1970.

[18] 18. LINHARES, A.C.; MONÇĂO, H.C.; GABBAY, Y.B. et al. - Acute diarrhoea associated with rotavirus among children living in Belém, Brazil. Trans. roy. Soc. trop. Med. Hyg., 77: 384-390, 1983.

[19] 19. LINHARES, A.C.; GABBAY, Y.B.; MASCARENHAS, J.D.P. et al. - Epidemiology of rotavirus, subgroups and serotypes in Belém, Brazil: a three-year study. Ann. Inst. Pasteur Virol. (Paris), 139: 89-99, 1988.

[20] 20. LINHARES, A.C.; GABBAY, Y.B.; FREITAS, R.B. et al. - Longitudinal study of rotavirus infection among children from Belém, Brazil. Epidem. Infect., 102: 129-145, 1989.

[21] 21. MASCARENHAS, J.D.P.; GABBAY, Y.B.; FREITAS, R.B. & LINHARES, A.C. - Distribuiçăo temporal de perfis eletroforéticos de ácido nucléico de rotavírus em fezes de crianças de Belém, Pará. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 83: 415-419, 1988.

[22] 22. MATSUNO, Y.; HASEGAWA, A.; MUCOYAMA, A. & INOWYE, S. - A candidate for a new serotype of human rotavirus. J. Virol., 54: 623-624, 1985.

[23] 23. OLIVEIRA, C.S.; LINHARES, A.C.; BELLESI, N. et al. - Tripla infecçăo por rotavírus em uma criança de Belém, Pará. J. Pediat. (Rio de J.), 70: 240-242, 1994.

[24] 24. PALOMBO, E.A.; BISHOP, R.F. & COTTON. R.G. - Sequence conservation within neutralization epitope regions of VP7 and VP4 proteins of human serotype G4 rotavirus isolates. Arch. Virol., 133: 323-334, 1993.

[25] 25. PEREIRA, H.G.; LINHARES, A.C.; CANDEIAS, J.A.N. & GLASS, R.I. - National laboratory surveillance of viral agents of gastroenteritis in Brazil. Bull. Pan. Amer. Hlth. Org., 27: 224-233, 1993.

[26] 26. TANIGUCHI, K.; URASAWA, T.; URASAWA, S. & YASWHARA, T. - Introduction of subgroup-specific monoclonal antibodies against human rotaviruses and their application to an enzyme linked-immunosorbent assay for subgroup determination. J. med. Virol., 14: 115-125, 1984.

[27] 27. TANIGUCHI, K.; URASAWA,T.; MORITA, Y.; GREENBERG, H.B. & URASAWA, S. - Direct serotyping of human rotavirus in stools using serotype 1-, 2-, 3- and 4 specific monoclonal antibodies to VP7. J. infect. Dis., 155: 1159-1166, 1987.

[28] 28. URASAWA, T.; TANIGUCHI, K. KOBAYASHI, N. et al. - Nucleotide sequence of VP4 and VP7 genes of a unique human rotavirus strain Mc35 with subgroup I and serotype 10 specificity. Virology, 195: 766-771, 1993.

[29] ²⁹
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION - Manual for laboratory investigations of acute enteric infections. Geneva, WHO, 1987. CDD/83.3 (Rev. 1).