The association of Schistosoma mansoni infection with hepatocellular carcinoma

Pereira, Fausto Edmundo Lima; Gonçalves, Carlos Sandoval

doi:10.1590/S0037-86821984000200005

Abstracts

The association of Schistosoma mansoni infection with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was studied in Espirito Santo State, Brazil. Schistosoma infection was diagnosed by stool examinations or by histological finding at autopsy. HCC was diagnosed by biopsy, laparoscopy and biopsy or at autopsy. Among 45 cases of HCC six had Schistosoma mansoni infection (13.04%). The occurrence of Schistosoma infection among HCC HBs Ag positive or negative was similar (13.3 3% and 13.63% respectively). The chi squared comparison showed no significant differences between the frequency of schistosomiasis in patients with HCC and the frequency of Schistosoma infection among people living in the Espirito Santo State (5.9% among children of elementary school from all the counties of the State and 6.7% in people that attended medical care in Vitoria, the capital of the State). Therefore, the authors believe that the association of schistosomiasis mansoni with HCC may be casual, specially in areas where the Schistosoma mansoni infection is frequent.

Schistosomiasis mansoni; Hepatocellular carcinoma

Foi estudada a associação de infecção pelo Schistosoma mansoni em pacientes portadores de carcinoma hepatocelular (CHC) diagnosticados no Espírito Santo. O diagnóstico de esquistossomosefoi feito pelo exame parasitológico das fezes ou pelos achados histológicos à necrópsia. O diagnóstico de CHC foi feito por laparoscopia e biópsia, somente biópsia ou por necrópsia. Entre 45 casos de CHC, seis apresentavam infecção pelo S. mansoni (13,04%). A ocorrência de infecção esquistossomótica nos CHC HBsAg positivos ou negativos foi semelhante (13,33 e 13,63% respectivamente). A comparação pelo método do qui quadrado não mostrou diferença significativa entre a freqüência de infeccção esquistossomótica nos pacientes com CHC e a freqüência de esquistossomose na população que vive no E. Santo (5,97% entre crianças do curso primário de todas as regiões do Estado e 6,75% entre a população que procura recursos médicos em Vitória, a capital do Estado). Desta forma os autores acreditam que a associação de infecção esquistossomótica e CHC deve ser casual, especialmente nas áreas onde a esquistossomose é freqüente.

Esquistossomose mansônica; Carcinoma hepatocelular

ARTICLES

The association of Schistosoma mansoni infection with hepatocellular carcinoma^* * Supported by CNPq (Plano Institucional de Apoio à Pesquisa, Sub-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, UFES)

Fausto Edmundo Lima Pereira; Carlos Sandoval Gonçalves

Departamento de Patologia, Centro Biomédico, UFES, CP 780, 29000 - Vitória - Espírito Santo, Brasil

ABSTRACT

The association of Schistosoma mansoni infection with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was studied in Espirito Santo State, Brazil. Schistosoma infection was diagnosed by stool examinations or by histological finding at autopsy. HCC was diagnosed by biopsy, laparoscopy and biopsy or at autopsy. Among 45 cases of HCC six had Schistosoma mansoni infection (13.04%). The occurrence of Schistosoma infection among HCC HBs Ag positive or negative was similar (13.3 3% and 13.63% respectively). The chi squared comparison showed no significant differences between the frequency of schistosomiasis in patients with HCC and the frequency of Schistosoma infection among people living in the Espirito Santo State (5.9% among children of elementary school from all the counties of the State and 6.7% in people that attended medical care in Vitoria, the capital of the State). Therefore, the authors believe that the association of schistosomiasis mansoni with HCC may be casual, specially in areas where the Schistosoma mansoni infection is frequent.

Keywords: Schistosomiasis mansoni. Hepatocellular carcinoma.

RESUMO

Foi estudada a associação de infecção pelo Schistosoma mansoni em pacientes portadores de carcinoma hepatocelular (CHC) diagnosticados no Espírito Santo. O diagnóstico de esquistossomosefoi feito pelo exame parasitológico das fezes ou pelos achados histológicos à necrópsia. O diagnóstico de CHC foi feito por laparoscopia e biópsia, somente biópsia ou por necrópsia. Entre 45 casos de CHC, seis apresentavam infecção pelo S. mansoni (13,04%). A ocorrência de infecção esquistossomótica nos CHC HBsAg positivos ou negativos foi semelhante (13,33 e 13,63% respectivamente). A comparação pelo método do qui quadrado não mostrou diferença significativa entre a freqüência de infeccção esquistossomótica nos pacientes com CHC e a freqüência de esquistossomose na população que vive no E. Santo (5,97% entre crianças do curso primário de todas as regiões do Estado e 6,75% entre a população que procura recursos médicos em Vitória, a capital do Estado). Desta forma os autores acreditam que a associação de infecção esquistossomótica e CHC deve ser casual, especialmente nas áreas onde a esquistossomose é freqüente.

Palavras-chave: Esquistossomose mansônica. Carcinoma hepatocelular.

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Recebido para publicação em 20/10/83.

1. Cheever AW, Andrade ZA. Pathological lesions associated with Schistosoma mansoni infection in man. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 61: 626-639, 1967.
2. Deodhar KP, Tapp E, Scheuer P. Orcein staining of hepatitis B antigen in paraffin sections of liver biopsies. Journal of Clinical Pathology 28: 66-70, 1975.
3. Domingo ED, Warren KS, Stenger RJ. Increased incidence of hepatoma in mice with chronic schistosomiasis mansoni treated with a carcinogen. American Journal of Pathology 51: 307-321, 1967.
4. Edington GM. Schistosomiasis and primary liver cell carcinoma. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 73: 351-352, 1979.
5. Gonçalves CS, Buaiz V, Zanandreá J, Zanotti WM, Boni ES, Castro Filho AK, Pereira FEL. Reações tóxicas com o uso do Hycanthone. Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 23: 305-308, 1977.
6. Guimarães RX, Silva EC, Nigro SP, Kimura RT, Takeda A, Almeida FMR. Sistemas antigênicos da hepatite B na esquistossomose mansônica. Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 18: 145-151, 1981.
7. Hadziyannis SJ. Hepatocellular carcinoma and type B hepatitis. Clinics in Gastroenterology 9: 117-134,1980.
8. Haese WH, Smith DL, Bueding E. Hycanthone induced hepatic changes in mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 186: 430-440, 1973.
9. Haese WH, Bueding E. Long term hepatocellular effects of hycanthone and of two other antischistosomal drugs in mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 197: 703-713, 1976.
10. Lyra LG, Rebouças G, Andrade ZA. Hepatitis B surface antigen carrier state in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis. Gastroenterology 71: 641-645, 1976.
11. Martinez-Maldonado M, Girod CE, Ramirez de Arellano G, Ramirez EA. Liver cell carcinoma (hepatoma) in Puerto Rico. A survey of 26 cases. American Journal ofDigestive Diseases 10: 552-553, 1965.
12. Mott RE. Possible relationship of Schistosoma infection and liver carcinoma. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 72: 552-553, 1978.
13. Nkrumah PK. Primary carcinoma of the liver and post- necrotic cirrhosis in a Ghanaian child with non-hepatic bilharziasis. Ghana Medical Journal 3: 129-133, 1964.
14. Pereira FEL, Boni ES, Castro Filho AK, Leal Filho J, Gonçalves CS. Freqüência de carcinomas primitivos do fígado em necrópsias realizadas em Vitória (Espírito Santo). Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 23: 421-422, 1977.
15. Pereira FEL, Gonçalves CS, Boni ES. The association of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag) with hepatocellular carcinoma in Espirito Santo State, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 14: 277-280, 1981.
16. Shikata T, Uzawa MH, Akatsuka T, Yamazaki S. Staining method of Australia antigen in paraffin sections. Japanese Journal of Experimental Medicine 44: 25-36, 1974.
17. Yarinski A, DorbeckHP, Freele H, WilandY, Gumaer Kl. An 18 month study of the parasitologic and tumorigenic effect of hycanthone in Schistosoma mansoni infected and non infected mice. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 27: 169-182, 1974.

*

Supported by CNPq (Plano Institucional de Apoio à Pesquisa, Sub-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, UFES)

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
07 June 2013
Date of issue
June 1984

History

Accepted
20 Oct 1983
Received
20 Oct 1983

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. Cheever AW, Andrade ZA. Pathological lesions associated with Schistosoma mansoni infection in man. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 61: 626-639, 1967.

[2] 2. Deodhar KP, Tapp E, Scheuer P. Orcein staining of hepatitis B antigen in paraffin sections of liver biopsies. Journal of Clinical Pathology 28: 66-70, 1975.

[3] 3. Domingo ED, Warren KS, Stenger RJ. Increased incidence of hepatoma in mice with chronic schistosomiasis mansoni treated with a carcinogen. American Journal of Pathology 51: 307-321, 1967.

[4] 4. Edington GM. Schistosomiasis and primary liver cell carcinoma. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 73: 351-352, 1979.

[5] 5. Gonçalves CS, Buaiz V, Zanandreá J, Zanotti WM, Boni ES, Castro Filho AK, Pereira FEL. Reações tóxicas com o uso do Hycanthone. Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 23: 305-308, 1977.

[6] 6. Guimarães RX, Silva EC, Nigro SP, Kimura RT, Takeda A, Almeida FMR. Sistemas antigênicos da hepatite B na esquistossomose mansônica. Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 18: 145-151, 1981.

[7] 7. Hadziyannis SJ. Hepatocellular carcinoma and type B hepatitis. Clinics in Gastroenterology 9: 117-134,1980.

[8] 8. Haese WH, Smith DL, Bueding E. Hycanthone induced hepatic changes in mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 186: 430-440, 1973.

[9] 9. Haese WH, Bueding E. Long term hepatocellular effects of hycanthone and of two other antischistosomal drugs in mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 197: 703-713, 1976.

[10] 10. Lyra LG, Rebouças G, Andrade ZA. Hepatitis B surface antigen carrier state in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis. Gastroenterology 71: 641-645, 1976.

[11] 11. Martinez-Maldonado M, Girod CE, Ramirez de Arellano G, Ramirez EA. Liver cell carcinoma (hepatoma) in Puerto Rico. A survey of 26 cases. American Journal ofDigestive Diseases 10: 552-553, 1965.

[12] 12. Mott RE. Possible relationship of Schistosoma infection and liver carcinoma. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 72: 552-553, 1978.

[13] 13. Nkrumah PK. Primary carcinoma of the liver and post- necrotic cirrhosis in a Ghanaian child with non-hepatic bilharziasis. Ghana Medical Journal 3: 129-133, 1964.

[14] 14. Pereira FEL, Boni ES, Castro Filho AK, Leal Filho J, Gonçalves CS. Freqüência de carcinomas primitivos do fígado em necrópsias realizadas em Vitória (Espírito Santo). Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 23: 421-422, 1977.

[15] 15. Pereira FEL, Gonçalves CS, Boni ES. The association of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag) with hepatocellular carcinoma in Espirito Santo State, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 14: 277-280, 1981.

[16] 16. Shikata T, Uzawa MH, Akatsuka T, Yamazaki S. Staining method of Australia antigen in paraffin sections. Japanese Journal of Experimental Medicine 44: 25-36, 1974.

[17] 17. Yarinski A, DorbeckHP, Freele H, WilandY, Gumaer Kl. An 18 month study of the parasitologic and tumorigenic effect of hycanthone in Schistosoma mansoni infected and non infected mice. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 27: 169-182, 1974.