Estudo sobre a eventual ação da artemisinina na infecção experimental de camundongos pelo Toxoplasma gondii

Amato Neto, Vicente; Braz, Lucia Maria Almeida; Campos, Rubens; Pinto, Pedro Luiz Silva; Moreira, Antonio Augusto Baillot; Boulos, Marcos; Nahkle, Maria Cristina

doi:10.1590/S0037-86821991000300003

Resumos

Em virtude da conveniência de tentar aprimorar o tratamento da toxoplasmose, de semelhanças taxonômicas e de informes contidos na literatura científica, foi considerado oportuno verificar se a artemisinina, medicamento eficiente no sentido de poder debelar a malária, é ativa na infecção experimental de camundongos pelo Toxoplasma gondii. Houve, então, administração de diferentes quantidades desse antiparasitário, inclusive após prévio contato in vitro com toxoplasmas e estimulação da produção de macrófagos, para observações diversificadas a propósito da intenção referida. Pelo menos de acordo com a metodologia usada, a artemisinina não se mostrou eficaz e sugestões para prosseguimento de avaliações acerca do assunto ficaram consignadas.

Toxoplasma gondii; Infecção experimental de camundongos; Artemisinina; Tratamento

Because of taxonomic similarities to previous data found in the literature, and with the aim of improving treatment of toxoplasmosis, we considered it of interest to assay artemisinin, an effective anti-maiarial agent, for the treatment of experimental infection in mice by Toxoplasma gondii. Different amounts of the anti-parasitic agent were administered, including after previous contact in vitro with toxoplasma and stimulated macrophage production. With the methodology used artemisinin was not effective. Suggestions for further studies are made.

Toxoplasma gondii; Experimental infection in mice; Artemisinin; Therapy

ARTIGOS

Estudo sobre a eventual ação da artemisinina na infecção experimental de camundongos pelo Toxoplasma gondii

Vicente Amato Neto; Lucia Maria Almeida Braz; Rubens Campos; Pedro Luiz Silva Pinto; Antonio Augusto Baillot Moreira; Marcos Boulos; Maria Cristina Nahkle

^{Endereço para correspondência} Endereço para correspondência: Prof. Vicente Amato Neto. Laboratório de Investigação Médica Parasitologia/HC/FM/USP. Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455 01245 São Paulo, SP, Brasil.

RESUMO

Em virtude da conveniência de tentar aprimorar o tratamento da toxoplasmose, de semelhanças taxonômicas e de informes contidos na literatura científica, foi considerado oportuno verificar se a artemisinina, medicamento eficiente no sentido de poder debelar a malária, é ativa na infecção experimental de camundongos pelo Toxoplasma gondii. Houve, então, administração de diferentes quantidades desse antiparasitário, inclusive após prévio contato in vitro com toxoplasmas e estimulação da produção de macrófagos, para observações diversificadas a propósito da intenção referida. Pelo menos de acordo com a metodologia usada, a artemisinina não se mostrou eficaz e sugestões para prosseguimento de avaliações acerca do assunto ficaram consignadas.

Palavras-chave:Toxoplasma gondii. Infecção experimental de camundongos. Artemisinina. Tratamento.

ABSTRACT

Because of taxonomic similarities to previous data found in the literature, and with the aim of improving treatment of toxoplasmosis, we considered it of interest to assay artemisinin, an effective anti-maiarial agent, for the treatment of experimental infection in mice by Toxoplasma gondii. Different amounts of the anti-parasitic agent were administered, including after previous contact in vitro with toxoplasma and stimulated macrophage production. With the methodology used artemisinin was not effective. Suggestions for further studies are made.

Keywords:Toxoplasma gondii. Experimental infection in mice. Artemisinin. Therapy.

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Recebido para publicação em 16/01/91.

Laboratório de Investigação Médica-Parasitologia e Departamento de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP.

Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo.

1. Anderson SE, Remington JS. Effect of normal activated human macrophages on Toxoplasma gondii The Journal of Experimental Medicine 139: 1154-1174, 1974.
2. Chang HR, Jefford CW, Pechere JC. in vitro effects ofthree new 1,2,4-trioxanes (pentatroxane, thiahexatroxane, and hexatroxanone) on Toxoplastna gondii. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemoterapy 33: 1748-1752, 1989.
3. Chawira AN, Warhurst DC, Robinson BL, Peters W. The effect of combinations of qinghaosu (artemisinin) with standard antimalarial drugs in the suppressive treatment of malaria in mice. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine anh Hygiene 81: 554-558, 1987.
4. Gu HM, Warhurst DC, Peters W. Rapid action of qinghaosu and related drugs on incorporation of [³H] isoleucineby Plasmodium falciparum in vitro Biochemical Pharmacology 32: 2463-2466,1983.
5. Jiang JB, Jacobs G, Liang DS, Aikawa M. Qinghaosu-induced changes in the morphology of Plasmodium inui The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 34: 424-428, 1985.
6. Jones TC, Hirsch JG. The interaction between Toxoplasma gondii and mammalian cells. II. The absence of lysosomal fusion with phagocitic vacuoles containing living parasite. The Journal of Experimental Medicine 136: 1173-1194, 1972.
7. Jones TC, Yeh S, Hirsch JG. The interaction between Toxoplasma gondii and mammalian cells. I. Mechanism of entry and intracellular fate of parasite. The Journal of Experimental Medicine 136: 1157-1172, 1972.
8. Klayman DL. Qinghaosu (artemisinin): an antimalarial drug from China. Science 228: 1049- 1055, 1985.
9. Krungkrai SR, Yuthavong Y. The antimalarial action on Plasmodium falciparum of qinghaosu and artesunate in combination with agents which modulate oxidant stress. T ransactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 81: 710-714, 1987.
10. Nichols BA, O'Connor GR. Penetration of mouse peritoneal macrophages by the protozoon Toxoplasma gondii New evidence for active invasion and phagocytosis. Laboratory Investigation 44: 324-335, 1981.
11. Waki S, Gu HM, Zhu MY. Sensitivity of malaria parasites to artemether (qinghaosu derivative) depends on host cell age. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 81: 913-914, 1987.

Endereço para correspondência:

Prof. Vicente Amato Neto.

Laboratório de Investigação Médica

Parasitologia/HC/FM/USP.

Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455

01245

São Paulo, SP, Brasil.

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
23 Abr 2013
Data do Fascículo
Set 1991

Histórico

Aceito
16 Jan 1991
Recebido
16 Jan 1991

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. Anderson SE, Remington JS. Effect of normal activated human macrophages on Toxoplasma gondii The Journal of Experimental Medicine 139: 1154-1174, 1974.

[2] 2. Chang HR, Jefford CW, Pechere JC. in vitro effects ofthree new 1,2,4-trioxanes (pentatroxane, thiahexatroxane, and hexatroxanone) on Toxoplastna gondii. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemoterapy 33: 1748-1752, 1989.

[3] 3. Chawira AN, Warhurst DC, Robinson BL, Peters W. The effect of combinations of qinghaosu (artemisinin) with standard antimalarial drugs in the suppressive treatment of malaria in mice. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine anh Hygiene 81: 554-558, 1987.

[4] 4. Gu HM, Warhurst DC, Peters W. Rapid action of qinghaosu and related drugs on incorporation of [³H] isoleucineby Plasmodium falciparum in vitro Biochemical Pharmacology 32: 2463-2466,1983.

[5] 5. Jiang JB, Jacobs G, Liang DS, Aikawa M. Qinghaosu-induced changes in the morphology of Plasmodium inui The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 34: 424-428, 1985.

[6] 6. Jones TC, Hirsch JG. The interaction between Toxoplasma gondii and mammalian cells. II. The absence of lysosomal fusion with phagocitic vacuoles containing living parasite. The Journal of Experimental Medicine 136: 1173-1194, 1972.

[7] 7. Jones TC, Yeh S, Hirsch JG. The interaction between Toxoplasma gondii and mammalian cells. I. Mechanism of entry and intracellular fate of parasite. The Journal of Experimental Medicine 136: 1157-1172, 1972.

[8] 8. Klayman DL. Qinghaosu (artemisinin): an antimalarial drug from China. Science 228: 1049- 1055, 1985.

[9] 9. Krungkrai SR, Yuthavong Y. The antimalarial action on Plasmodium falciparum of qinghaosu and artesunate in combination with agents which modulate oxidant stress. T ransactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 81: 710-714, 1987.

[10] 10. Nichols BA, O'Connor GR. Penetration of mouse peritoneal macrophages by the protozoon Toxoplasma gondii New evidence for active invasion and phagocytosis. Laboratory Investigation 44: 324-335, 1981.

[11] 11. Waki S, Gu HM, Zhu MY. Sensitivity of malaria parasites to artemether (qinghaosu derivative) depends on host cell age. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 81: 913-914, 1987.