Pig bite in Brazil: a case series from a teaching hospital

Nishioka, Sérgio de Andrade; Handa, Suzana Terumi; Nunes, Raquel Souza

doi:10.1590/S0037-86821994000100004

Abstracts

A retrospective survey done from 1987 till 1990 revealed that 23 patients bitten by pigs sought medical help at a teaching hospital in Uberlândia, in southeastern Brazil. Most cases (21) were from Uberlândia. The cases were evenly distributed by month and by year; most of them (14/16; 87.5%) occurred between 7. OOa.m. and 7.00 p. m. The male to female ratio was 6.7:1. Age ranged from 6 to 73 (mean 38.95 ± SD 22.06, median 36). The bites were more common on the upper limbs, particularly on the forearms. In 11(47.8%) cases the injury was described as deep. In most cases where information was available the injury was related to capture, transport or immobilisation ofthe pigfor slaughter. The following medical procedures were performed: local cleansing in 19(82.6%) cases, rabies vaccine (12; 52.2%), antirabies serum (2; 8.7%), suturing (6; 26.1%) and tetanus vaccine (12; 52.2%). There was no case of infection at the bite site, neither of rabies or tetanus. By our data, the annual incidence of pig bite in Uberlândia can be estimated to be about 1.5/100.000.

Bites; Injuries; Rabies; Swine

Um levantamento retrospectivo revelou que 23 pacientes vítimas de mordida de porco procuraram assistência médica num hospital-escola em Uberlândia, Brasil, de 1987 a 1990. A maioria dos pacientes (21) procedia de Uberlândia. Os casos foram distribuídos uniformemente por mês e ano; a maioria deles (14/16; 87,5%) ocorreu entre às 7 e às 19 horas. A razão homem. mulherfoi de 6,7:1. A idade dos pacientes variou de 6 a 73 anos (média: 38,95 ± DP 22,06), mediana 36. As mordidas foram mais comuns nos membros superiores, particularmente nos antebraços. Em 11(47,8%) casos o ferimento foi descrito como profundo. Na maioria dos casos em que houve informação disponível, o ferimento foi relacionado com captura, transporte ou imobilização do suíno para abate. Os seguintes procedimentos médicos foram realizados: lavagem local em 19(82,6%) casos, vacina anti-rábica (12; 52,2%), soro anti-rábico (2; 8,7%), sutura (6; 26,1%), e vacina antitetânica (12; 52,2%). Pelos nossos dados, a incidência anual de mordedura de porco em Uberlândia pode ser estimada em 1,5/100.000 habitantes.

Lesões; Mordidas; Raiva; Suínos

ARTICLES

Pig bite in Brazil: a case series from a teaching hospital

Sérgio de Andrade Nishioka; Suzana Terumi Handa; Raquel Souza Nunes

^{Adress to correspondence} Adress to correspondence: Dr. Sérgio de Andrade Níshioka. Av. Teresina 1415, Umuarama 38405-384 Uberlândia, MG, Brasil.

ABSTRACT

A retrospective survey done from 1987 till 1990 revealed that 23 patients bitten by pigs sought medical help at a teaching hospital in Uberlândia, in southeastern Brazil. Most cases (21) were from Uberlândia. The cases were evenly distributed by month and by year; most of them (14/16; 87.5%) occurred between 7. OOa.m. and 7.00 p. m. The male to female ratio was 6.7:1. Age ranged from 6 to 73 (mean 38.95 ± SD 22.06, median 36). The bites were more common on the upper limbs, particularly on the forearms. In 11(47.8%) cases the injury was described as deep. In most cases where information was available the injury was related to capture, transport or immobilisation ofthe pigfor slaughter. The following medical procedures were performed: local cleansing in 19(82.6%) cases, rabies vaccine (12; 52.2%), antirabies serum (2; 8.7%), suturing (6; 26.1%) and tetanus vaccine (12; 52.2%). There was no case of infection at the bite site, neither of rabies or tetanus. By our data, the annual incidence of pig bite in Uberlândia can be estimated to be about 1.5/100.000.

Keywords: Bites. Injuries. Rabies. Swine.

RESUMO

Um levantamento retrospectivo revelou que 23 pacientes vítimas de mordida de porco procuraram assistência médica num hospital-escola em Uberlândia, Brasil, de 1987 a 1990. A maioria dos pacientes (21) procedia de Uberlândia. Os casos foram distribuídos uniformemente por mês e ano; a maioria deles (14/16; 87,5%) ocorreu entre às 7 e às 19 horas. A razão homem. mulherfoi de 6,7:1. A idade dos pacientes variou de 6 a 73 anos (média: 38,95 ± DP 22,06), mediana 36. As mordidas foram mais comuns nos membros superiores, particularmente nos antebraços. Em 11(47,8%) casos o ferimento foi descrito como profundo. Na maioria dos casos em que houve informação disponível, o ferimento foi relacionado com captura, transporte ou imobilização do suíno para abate. Os seguintes procedimentos médicos foram realizados: lavagem local em 19(82,6%) casos, vacina anti-rábica (12; 52,2%), soro anti-rábico (2; 8,7%), sutura (6; 26,1%), e vacina antitetânica (12; 52,2%). Pelos nossos dados, a incidência anual de mordedura de porco em Uberlândia pode ser estimada em 1,5/100.000 habitantes.

Palavras-chave: Lesões. Mordidas. Raiva. Suínos.

Full text available only in PDF format.

Texto completo disponível apenas em PDF.

Recebido para publicação em 28/10/93.

Centro de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil.

1. Barnham M. Pig bite injuries and infection: report of seven human cases. Epidemiology and Infection 101:641-645, 1988.
2. Barss P, Ennis S. Injuries caused by pigs in Papua New Guinea. Medical Journal of Australia 149:649- 656, 1988.
3. Beran GW. Rabies and infections by rabies-related viruses. In: Beran GW (ed) CRC Handbook Series in Zoonoses. Section B: Viral Zoonoses, Vol. 11. CRC Press, Boca Raton p.57-135, 1981.
4. Bertolin A. Suínos. Lítero-Técnica, Curitiba p. 12, 1992.
5. Centro Nacional de Epidemiologia/Ministério da Saúde. Séries históricas de agravos e doenças transmissíveis. Informe Epidemiológico do SUS 1:55, 1992.
6. Chin J, Constantine DG. Rabies. In: Last JM (ed) Maxcy-Rosenau Public Health and Preventive Medicine. Appleton-Century-Crofts, Norwalk p. 391- 397, 1986.
7. Goldstein EJC, Citron DM, Merkin E, Pickett MJ. Recovery of an unusual Flavobacterium group IIb- like isolate from a hand infection following pig bite. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 28:1079-1081, 1990.
8. MetlichMA, AcostaJJ, ToranzoM. Reconstruction of the lower lip following pig bites: report of two cases. Journal ofOral MaxillofacialSurgery 44:478- 482, 1986.
9. Mohanty SB, Dutta SK. Veterinary Virology. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia p.220, 1981.
10. Secretaria de Estado da Sadde de Minas Gerais. Manual de raiva. Belo Horizonte, 1989.
11. Van Demark RE Sr, Van Demark Jr RE. Swinebites ofthehand. Journal of HandSurgery 16A:136-138, 1991.
12. Warrell DA. Rhabdoviruses: rabies and rabies- related viruses. In: Watherall DJ, Ledingham JGG, Warrell DA (eds) Oxoford Textbook of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 0xfordp.5105-5114,1987.

Adress to correspondence:

Dr. Sérgio de Andrade Níshioka.

Av. Teresina 1415, Umuarama

38405-384

Uberlândia, MG, Brasil.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
12 Apr 2013
Date of issue
Mar 1994

History

Received
28 Oct 1993
Accepted
28 Oct 1993

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. Barnham M. Pig bite injuries and infection: report of seven human cases. Epidemiology and Infection 101:641-645, 1988.

[2] 2. Barss P, Ennis S. Injuries caused by pigs in Papua New Guinea. Medical Journal of Australia 149:649- 656, 1988.

[3] 3. Beran GW. Rabies and infections by rabies-related viruses. In: Beran GW (ed) CRC Handbook Series in Zoonoses. Section B: Viral Zoonoses, Vol. 11. CRC Press, Boca Raton p.57-135, 1981.

[4] 4. Bertolin A. Suínos. Lítero-Técnica, Curitiba p. 12, 1992.

[5] 5. Centro Nacional de Epidemiologia/Ministério da Saúde. Séries históricas de agravos e doenças transmissíveis. Informe Epidemiológico do SUS 1:55, 1992.

[6] 6. Chin J, Constantine DG. Rabies. In: Last JM (ed) Maxcy-Rosenau Public Health and Preventive Medicine. Appleton-Century-Crofts, Norwalk p. 391- 397, 1986.

[7] 7. Goldstein EJC, Citron DM, Merkin E, Pickett MJ. Recovery of an unusual Flavobacterium group IIb- like isolate from a hand infection following pig bite. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 28:1079-1081, 1990.

[8] 8. MetlichMA, AcostaJJ, ToranzoM. Reconstruction of the lower lip following pig bites: report of two cases. Journal ofOral MaxillofacialSurgery 44:478- 482, 1986.

[9] 9. Mohanty SB, Dutta SK. Veterinary Virology. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia p.220, 1981.

[10] 10. Secretaria de Estado da Sadde de Minas Gerais. Manual de raiva. Belo Horizonte, 1989.

[11] 11. Van Demark RE Sr, Van Demark Jr RE. Swinebites ofthehand. Journal of HandSurgery 16A:136-138, 1991.

[12] 12. Warrell DA. Rhabdoviruses: rabies and rabies- related viruses. In: Watherall DJ, Ledingham JGG, Warrell DA (eds) Oxoford Textbook of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 0xfordp.5105-5114,1987.