Incidence of anti-toxoplasma antibodies in women with high-risk pregnancy and habitual abortions

Galvan Ramirez, Maria de la Luz; Soto Mancilla, Juan Luis; Velasco Castrejon, Oscar; Perez Medina, Roberto

doi:10.1590/S0037-86821995000400005

Abstracts

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite. In pregnant women on the worldwide scale, there are seroprevalences from 7% to 51.3% and in women with abnormal pregnancies and abortions the seroprevalences vary from 17.5% to 52.3%. In Mexico, seropositivity has been found to vary from 18.2% to 44.8% in women with abnormal deliveries or abortions. This study's aim was to determine the incidence oflgG and IgM anti-Toxoplasma antibodies in women at the Gineco-Obstetrics Hospital of the Western Medical Center of the Mexican Social Security Institute. Three hundred and fifty women with high-risk pregnancies were studied, and 122 (34.9%) were found to be IgG seropositive and 76 (20.7%) were IgM positive. In one group of women with habitual abortions there were 48 (44.9%) with the preseiwe of IgG antibodies and 33 (33-3%) were IgM seropositive. Seropositivity was analyzed according to age, occupation, socio-economic level, eating raw or poorly cooked meat, and living with cats.

Toxoplasmosis; High-risk pregnancy; Habitual abortion

La toxoplasmosis es una zoonosis causada por Toxoplasma gondii , parãsito intracellular obligado, en mujeres embarazadas a nivel mundial existen seroprevalencias del 7% al 51.3% y mujeres con embarazos anormales y aborto varian desde 17.5% al 52.3%. En México se ha referido seropositividad del 18.2% al 44.8% en mujeres con partos anormales 6 abortos. El propósito de este trabajo consistió en determinar la frecuencia de anticuerpos antitoxoplasma IgG e IgM en mujeres del Hospital de Gineco Obstetrícia del Centro Médico de Occidente del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Se estudiaron 350 mujeres con embarazo de alto riesgo encontrando 122 (34.9%) seropositivas a IgG y 76 (20.7%) a IgM, y en un grupo de 105 mujeres con aborto habitual resultando 48 (44.9%) con presencia de anticuerpos IgG y 33 (33-3%) a IgM. Se analizó la seropositividad con la edad, ocupación, nivel socioeconómicoa, ingesta de came cruda 6 mal cocida y conviveticia can gatos.

Toxoplasmosis; Embarazo de alto riesgo; Aborto habitual

ARTICLES

Incidence of anti-toxoplasma antibodies in women with high-risk pregnancy and habitual abortions

Maria de la Luz Galvan Ramirez; Juan Luis Soto Mancilla; Oscar Velasco Castrejon; Roberto Perez Medina

^{Adress to correspondence} Adress to correspondence: Dr a M a de la Luz Galván Ramirez. Centro de Docencia, Investigación y Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Guadalajara. Lago Camécuaro #2398 Colonia Lagos del Country. CP: 44177 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. Phone: (9136) 53-0880, Fax: (9136) 17-9935.

ABSTRACT

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite. In pregnant women on the worldwide scale, there are seroprevalences from 7% to 51.3% and in women with abnormal pregnancies and abortions the seroprevalences vary from 17.5% to 52.3%. In Mexico, seropositivity has been found to vary from 18.2% to 44.8% in women with abnormal deliveries or abortions. This study's aim was to determine the incidence oflgG and IgM anti-Toxoplasma antibodies in women at the Gineco-Obstetrics Hospital of the Western Medical Center of the Mexican Social Security Institute. Three hundred and fifty women with high-risk pregnancies were studied, and 122 (34.9%) were found to be IgG seropositive and 76 (20.7%) were IgM positive. In one group of women with habitual abortions there were 48 (44.9%) with the preseiwe of IgG antibodies and 33 (33-3%) were IgM seropositive. Seropositivity was analyzed according to age, occupation, socio-economic level, eating raw or poorly cooked meat, and living with cats.

Keyworks: Toxoplasmosis. High-risk pregnancy. Habitual abortion.

RESUMEN

La toxoplasmosis es una zoonosis causada por Toxoplasma gondii , parãsito intracellular obligado, en mujeres embarazadas a nivel mundial existen seroprevalencias del 7% al 51.3% y mujeres con embarazos anormales y aborto varian desde 17.5% al 52.3%. En México se ha referido seropositividad del 18.2% al 44.8% en mujeres con partos anormales 6 abortos. El propósito de este trabajo consistió en determinar la frecuencia de anticuerpos antitoxoplasma IgG e IgM en mujeres del Hospital de Gineco Obstetrícia del Centro Médico de Occidente del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Se estudiaron 350 mujeres con embarazo de alto riesgo encontrando 122 (34.9%) seropositivas a IgG y 76 (20.7%) a IgM, y en un grupo de 105 mujeres con aborto habitual resultando 48 (44.9%) con presencia de anticuerpos IgG y 33 (33-3%) a IgM. Se analizó la seropositividad con la edad, ocupación, nivel socioeconómicoa, ingesta de came cruda 6 mal cocida y conviveticia can gatos.

Palabras-clave: Toxoplasmosis. Embarazo de alto riesgo. Aborto habitual.

Full text available only in PDF format.

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Recebido para publicação em 14/10/95.

Centro de Docencia, Investigation y Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidade de Guadalajara, Mexico.

1. Abdel-Hafez SK, Shbeed I, Ismail NS,Abdel-Raham F. Serodiagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii in habitual aborting women and other adults from North Jordan. Folia Parasitology (Praha) 33:7-13,1986.
2. Aline S, Aluja AP. Estúdio sobre la frecuencia del ooquiste de Toxoplasma gondii en el gato doméstico del Distrito Federal. Gaceta Médica de México 113:455-459,1977.
3. Al-Meshari AA, Chowdhury MNH, Chattopadhyay SK, De Silva SK. Screening for toxoplasmosis in pregnancy. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetric 29:39-45,1989.
4. Biagi F. Datos actuales sobre biologia y epidemiologia de la toxoplasmosis. Gaceta Médica de México 111:165-167,1976.
5. Biagi F, Islas PM, Gonzalez C. Frecuencia de la toxoplasmosis en relación al parto. Gaceta Médica de México 108:127-130,1974.
6. Clayton L, Miles HB. Toxoplasmosis and pregnancy. Australian and new Zealand Journal Obstetrics and Gynecology 30:32-33,1990.
7. Daffos F, Forestier F, Capella P, Thulliez P, Aufrant CH,Valenti D, Cox W. Prenatal management of 746 pregnancies at risk for congenital toxoplasmosis. New England Journal of Medicine 318:271-75, 1988.
8. Decavalas G, Papapetropoulou M, Ginnoulaki E, Tzigounis V, Kondakis XG. Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in gravidas and recently aborted women an study of risk factors. European Journal Epidemiology 6:223-226,1990.
9. Desmonts G, Courver S. Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy and its transmission to the fetus. Bulletin of New York Academy of Medicine 50:146-159,1974.
10. Desmonts G, Courver S, Peupion JC. Un diagnostico precoce de la toxoplamose Aigue. Presse Medicale 1:339-341,1972.
11. Diaz O, Vaca M. Evolución y epidemiologia de la toxoplasmosis. Revista Mexicana de Infectología 6:146-152,1985.
12. Feldman HA. Epidemiology of Toxoplasma. Epidemiology 4:204-214,1982.
13-Forsgren M, Gille E, Ljungstrom I, Nokes DJ. Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in pregnant women in Stockholm in 1969,1979, and 1987. Lancet 337:1413-1413,1991.
14. Frenkel JK. Toxoplasma in and around us. Bioscience 23:43,1973.
15. Galván ML, Garzón M. Estúdio serológico en ninos con toxoplasmosis. Revista Latinoamericana de Microbiologia 31:267- 270,1989.
16. Johnson AM, Roberts H, Wetherall B, Me Donald PJ, Need JA. Relationship between spontaneous abortion and presence of antibody to Toxoplasma gondii . Medical Journal of Australia 1:579-580,1979.
17. Langer H. Repeat congenital infection with Toxoplasma gondii . Obstetric and Gynecology 21:318,1965.
18. Meylan J. Toxoplasmosis as a cause of repeated abortion. Toxoplasmosis. Hans Huber Publisher, Vienna, 1971.
19. Molina PC, Ontiveros C, Uribe R. Investigación de anticuerpos contra el Toxoplasma gondii por medio de la inmunofluorescencia en mujeres con embarazos anormales. Salud Pública de México 31:27-39,1971.
20. Nakib AW, Ibrahim ME, Hathout H, Moussa MA Deverajan LV, Thoruburn H, Yousof AM. Seroepidemiology of viral and Toxoplasma infections during pregnancy among arab women of child bearing age in Kuwait. International Journal of Epidemiology 12:220-223,1983.
21. Remington JS, Desmonts G. Toxoplasmosis. In: Remington JS, Klein JO (eds) Infectious disease of the fetus and newborn infant. WB Saunders, Philadelphia 191:332,1976.
22. Remington JS, Miller MJ, Brownlee I. IgM antibodies in acute toxoplasmosis. II. Prevalence and significance in acquired cases. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 71:855-866, 1968.
23. Roch E, Bravo BM. Incidência de toxoplasmosis congênita en una nuestra de 2,186 recién nacidos vivos en la ciudad de México. Revista del Instituto de Salud Pública y Enfermedades Tropicales de México 22:221,1962.
23. Roch E, Varela G. Diversos aspectos de la investigación sobre toxoplasmosis en México, resultados de 29, 883 reacciones de Sabin y Feldman de 1953. Salud Pública de México 26:31, 1966.
24. Roch Ubiria E. La Toxoplasmosis Congénita, Problema Médico-Social. Salud Pública de México 18:871-874,1976.
25. Swarzber JE, Remington J. Trasmission of Toxoplasma. American Journal Disease Children 129:777-779,1975.
26. Varela G, Roch E, Zavala J. Estúdio sobre toxoplasmosis en México. Salud Pública de México 3:451-454,1961.
27. Velasco O, Salvatierra J,Valdespino JL, SedanoAM, Galindo VS, Llausas A, Tapia CR, Gutierrez G, Sepulveda J. Seroepidemiologia de la toxoplasmosis en México. Salud Pública de México 34:222-229,1991.
28. Verhofsted C.Van Renterghem JP. Comparison of six comercial enzyme linked immunosorbent assays for detecting IgM antibodies againt Toxoplasma gondii . Journal of Clinical Pathology 42 1285-1290,1989.
29. Wong SY, Remington JS. Biology of Toxoplasma gondii . AIDS 7:299-316,1993.
30. Zavala VJ.Guzmán ME,Becerra PM, Rodriguez ME. Toxoplasmosis y aborto en pacientes del Hospital O'Horan de Mérida Yucatán. Salud Pública de México 31:664-668,1989.

Adress to correspondence:

Dr

^a M

^a de la Luz Galván Ramirez.

Centro de Docencia, Investigación y Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Tropicales de la Universidad de Guadalajara.

Lago Camécuaro #2398

Colonia Lagos del Country.

CP: 44177 Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.

Phone: (9136) 53-0880,

Fax: (9136) 17-9935.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
10 Apr 2013
Date of issue
Dec 1995

History

Accepted
14 Oct 1995
Received
14 Oct 1995

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] 1. Abdel-Hafez SK, Shbeed I, Ismail NS,Abdel-Raham F. Serodiagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii in habitual aborting women and other adults from North Jordan. Folia Parasitology (Praha) 33:7-13,1986.

[2] 2. Aline S, Aluja AP. Estúdio sobre la frecuencia del ooquiste de Toxoplasma gondii en el gato doméstico del Distrito Federal. Gaceta Médica de México 113:455-459,1977.

[3] 3. Al-Meshari AA, Chowdhury MNH, Chattopadhyay SK, De Silva SK. Screening for toxoplasmosis in pregnancy. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetric 29:39-45,1989.

[4] 4. Biagi F. Datos actuales sobre biologia y epidemiologia de la toxoplasmosis. Gaceta Médica de México 111:165-167,1976.

[5] 5. Biagi F, Islas PM, Gonzalez C. Frecuencia de la toxoplasmosis en relación al parto. Gaceta Médica de México 108:127-130,1974.

[6] 6. Clayton L, Miles HB. Toxoplasmosis and pregnancy. Australian and new Zealand Journal Obstetrics and Gynecology 30:32-33,1990.

[7] 7. Daffos F, Forestier F, Capella P, Thulliez P, Aufrant CH,Valenti D, Cox W. Prenatal management of 746 pregnancies at risk for congenital toxoplasmosis. New England Journal of Medicine 318:271-75, 1988.

[8] 8. Decavalas G, Papapetropoulou M, Ginnoulaki E, Tzigounis V, Kondakis XG. Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in gravidas and recently aborted women an study of risk factors. European Journal Epidemiology 6:223-226,1990.

[9] 9. Desmonts G, Courver S. Toxoplasmosis in pregnancy and its transmission to the fetus. Bulletin of New York Academy of Medicine 50:146-159,1974.

[10] 10. Desmonts G, Courver S, Peupion JC. Un diagnostico precoce de la toxoplamose Aigue. Presse Medicale 1:339-341,1972.

[11] 11. Diaz O, Vaca M. Evolución y epidemiologia de la toxoplasmosis. Revista Mexicana de Infectología 6:146-152,1985.

[12] 12. Feldman HA. Epidemiology of Toxoplasma. Epidemiology 4:204-214,1982.

[13] 13-Forsgren M, Gille E, Ljungstrom I, Nokes DJ. Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in pregnant women in Stockholm in 1969,1979, and 1987. Lancet 337:1413-1413,1991.

[14] 14. Frenkel JK. Toxoplasma in and around us. Bioscience 23:43,1973.

[15] 15. Galván ML, Garzón M. Estúdio serológico en ninos con toxoplasmosis. Revista Latinoamericana de Microbiologia 31:267- 270,1989.

[16] 16. Johnson AM, Roberts H, Wetherall B, Me Donald PJ, Need JA. Relationship between spontaneous abortion and presence of antibody to Toxoplasma gondii . Medical Journal of Australia 1:579-580,1979.

[17] 17. Langer H. Repeat congenital infection with Toxoplasma gondii . Obstetric and Gynecology 21:318,1965.

[18] 18. Meylan J. Toxoplasmosis as a cause of repeated abortion. Toxoplasmosis. Hans Huber Publisher, Vienna, 1971.

[19] 19. Molina PC, Ontiveros C, Uribe R. Investigación de anticuerpos contra el Toxoplasma gondii por medio de la inmunofluorescencia en mujeres con embarazos anormales. Salud Pública de México 31:27-39,1971.

[20] 20. Nakib AW, Ibrahim ME, Hathout H, Moussa MA Deverajan LV, Thoruburn H, Yousof AM. Seroepidemiology of viral and Toxoplasma infections during pregnancy among arab women of child bearing age in Kuwait. International Journal of Epidemiology 12:220-223,1983.

[21] 21. Remington JS, Desmonts G. Toxoplasmosis. In: Remington JS, Klein JO (eds) Infectious disease of the fetus and newborn infant. WB Saunders, Philadelphia 191:332,1976.

[22] 22. Remington JS, Miller MJ, Brownlee I. IgM antibodies in acute toxoplasmosis. II. Prevalence and significance in acquired cases. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 71:855-866, 1968.

[23] 23. Roch E, Bravo BM. Incidência de toxoplasmosis congênita en una nuestra de 2,186 recién nacidos vivos en la ciudad de México. Revista del Instituto de Salud Pública y Enfermedades Tropicales de México 22:221,1962.

[24] 23. Roch E, Varela G. Diversos aspectos de la investigación sobre toxoplasmosis en México, resultados de 29, 883 reacciones de Sabin y Feldman de 1953. Salud Pública de México 26:31, 1966.

[25] 24. Roch Ubiria E. La Toxoplasmosis Congénita, Problema Médico-Social. Salud Pública de México 18:871-874,1976.

[26] 25. Swarzber JE, Remington J. Trasmission of Toxoplasma. American Journal Disease Children 129:777-779,1975.

[27] 26. Varela G, Roch E, Zavala J. Estúdio sobre toxoplasmosis en México. Salud Pública de México 3:451-454,1961.

[28] 27. Velasco O, Salvatierra J,Valdespino JL, SedanoAM, Galindo VS, Llausas A, Tapia CR, Gutierrez G, Sepulveda J. Seroepidemiologia de la toxoplasmosis en México. Salud Pública de México 34:222-229,1991.

[29] 28. Verhofsted C.Van Renterghem JP. Comparison of six comercial enzyme linked immunosorbent assays for detecting IgM antibodies againt Toxoplasma gondii . Journal of Clinical Pathology 42 1285-1290,1989.

[30] 29. Wong SY, Remington JS. Biology of Toxoplasma gondii . AIDS 7:299-316,1993.

[31] 30. Zavala VJ.Guzmán ME,Becerra PM, Rodriguez ME. Toxoplasmosis y aborto en pacientes del Hospital O'Horan de Mérida Yucatán. Salud Pública de México 31:664-668,1989.

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