Giant peritoneal hydatid cyst causing pelvic venous congestion

A 53-year-old woman without a history of chronic disease was admitted to our hospital. On admission, the patient recounted a history of progressive abdominal distension and pelvic pain over the preceding 18 months. She had no history of systemic disease or abdominal trauma. On physical examination, a large, round abdominal mass was palpable. Abdominopelvic computed tomography revealed a giant peritoneal hydatid cyst and tortuous pelvic venous structures associated with compression by the peritoneal cyst (Figure 1).

FIGURE 1:
Coronal abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan (A) reveals a giant peritoneal hydatid cyst (arrowheads) and a calcified hepatic cyst (yellow arrow). Axial pelvic CT scans (B and C) reveal multiple dilated and tortuous pelvic venous structures (circle) in the presacral area.

A hydatid cyst is a parasitic disease caused by the larval form of Echinococcus granulosus¹. The liver is a vital organ that interacts with other organs^1,2. Peritoneal cysts, which are of a secondary origin, occur after the rupture of the primary hepatic hydatid cyst. A study has reported that peritoneal cysts develop in approximately 5-14% of patients with liver hydatid cysts³. Peritoneal hydatid cysts vary in number and can reach dimensions that cause abdominal distension or obstruction³. Pelvic venous congestion secondary to a giant peritoneal hydatid cyst is an unusual complication.

REFERENCES

• ¹
  Aydin Y, Altuntas B, Kaya A, Ulas AB, Uyanık MH, Eroglu A. The Availability of Echinococcus IgG ELISA for Diagnosing Pulmonary Hydatid Cysts. Eurasian J Med. 2018;50(3):144-7.
• ²
  Aydin Y, Ulas AB, Ince I, Korkut E, Ogul H, Eren S, et al. Large Case Series Analysis of Cystic Echinococcosis. Indian J Surg. 2021;83(Suppl 4):S897-S906. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12262-021-03061-0
  » https://doi.org/10.1007/s12262-021-03061-0
• ³
  Kosmidis C, Efthimiadis C, Anthimidis G, Vasileiadou K, Koimtzis G, Tzeveleki I, et al. Management of peritoneal hydatid cysts: A fourty-year experience. Heliyon. 2018;4(12):e00994.

• Financial Support: The authors declare that the article content was composed in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Publication Dates

• Publication in this collection
  24 Oct 2022
• Date of issue
  2022

History

• Received
  26 July 2022
• Accepted
  14 Sept 2022