Arsenicais e inseticidas orgânicos sôbre o algodoeiro em terras roxa e arenosa

Coury, Tufi; Ranzani, Guido

doi:10.1590/S0071-12761953000100003

Resumo

The authors carried out a series of pots and plots experiments applying arsenical and organic insecticides to cotton plants cultivated in "terra roxa" and in a sandy soil. The first results were presented in 1947, to the la. Reunião Brasileira de Ciência do Solo (First Brazilian Congress of Soil Science); they pointed out the danger resulting from the accumulation of arsenic in soils due to the constant applications of arsenicais to control cotton pests; in the course of the time, the amount of residual arsenic in the soil would determine a decrease in cotton yield caused by its toxic effect on the crop. The following conclusions were drawn from the last three experiments: 1) the field experiment conducted in a sandy soil to which lead arseniate was applied in increasing rates produced a reduction of 50 per cent in the yield (the three highest doses were responsible for this result); by this way, the pot experiment published in 1947 was confirmed); 2) in the pot experiment with "terra roxa" toxic effects appeared only in the plants receiving the last dosis of lead arsenate; this result is explained quite naturally by a considerable absorption of the AsO4 --- ion by "terra roxa" colloidal material; furthermore the CaO, P2O5 and Fe2O3 content and the pH value (higher) would decrease the arsenate solubilization in the soil considered; 3) the pot experiment with organic insecticides applied in the rates usually employed in the control of cotton pests, showed that 10% D.D.TD. and 2.5% Rotenone did not affect cotton plants cultivated in a sandy soil; however we agree with FOSTER (1951), in the point that both mineral and organic insecticides must be applied in the minimum amount as possible; we also think that experiments like those should be carried out with the known insecticides, in several soil conditions and with many crops in order to determine the maximum limits of tolerancy.

Arsenicais e inseticidas orgânicos sôbre o algodoeiro em terras roxa e arenosa^* * Tese aprovada no 10°. Congresso Brasileiro de Química realizado em Junho de 1952 no Rio de Janeiros

Tufi Coury; Guido Ranzani

Secção Técnica de "Química Agrícola" da Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", da Universidade de São Paulo

SUMMARY

The authors carried out a series of pots and plots experiments applying arsenical and organic insecticides to cotton plants cultivated in "terra roxa" and in a sandy soil. The first results were presented in 1947, to the la. Reunião Brasileira de Ciência do Solo (First Brazilian Congress of Soil Science); they pointed out the danger resulting from the accumulation of arsenic in soils due to the constant applications of arsenicais to control cotton pests; in the course of the time, the amount of residual arsenic in the soil would determine a decrease in cotton yield caused by its toxic effect on the crop.

The following conclusions were drawn from the last three experiments: 1) the field experiment conducted in a sandy soil to which lead arseniate was applied in increasing rates produced a reduction of 50 per cent in the yield (the three highest doses were responsible for this result); by this way, the pot experiment published in 1947 was confirmed); 2) in the pot experiment with "terra roxa" toxic effects appeared only in the plants receiving the last dosis of lead arsenate; this result is explained quite naturally by a considerable absorption of the AsO4 --- ion by "terra roxa" colloidal material; furthermore the CaO, P2O5 and Fe2O3 content and the pH value (higher) would decrease the arsenate solubilization in the soil considered; 3) the pot experiment with organic insecticides applied in the rates usually employed in the control of cotton pests, showed that 10% D.D.TD. and 2.5% Rotenone did not affect cotton plants cultivated in a sandy soil; however we agree with FOSTER (1951), in the point that both mineral and organic insecticides must be applied in the minimum amount as possible; we also think that experiments like those should be carried out with the known insecticides, in several soil conditions and with many crops in order to determine the maximum limits of tolerancy.

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BIBLIOGRAFIA CONSULTADA

CAMINHA Fş., Adrião. 1940 - Timbós e Rotenona - Publicação do S. I. A. - Min. Agr. - Rio de Janeiro.
CLEMENTS, H. F. and H. G. Heggeness. 1940 - Arsenic toxicity to plants Haw. Agr. Exp. Sta. Ann. Rept. 77-78.
COOPER, H. P., W. R. Padden, E. E. Hall, W. B. Albert W. B. Rogers and J. A. Riley. 1931 - Effect of calcium arsenate on productivity of certain soil tipes. S. Car. Exp. Sta., 44th Ann. Rept.: 28.
COURY, Tufi e Guido Ranzani. 1947 - Efeitos do arsênico sôbre a cultura do algodoeiro em terra arenosa - Tése aprovada na 1a. Reunião Brasileira de Ciência de Solo. Rio de Janeiro.
DECKER, S. 1944 - Inseticidas Vegetais - Publicação da Secretaria da Agricultura, Indústria e Comércio do Estado de São Paulo.
DORMAN, C. and R. Coleman. 1939 - The effect of calcium arsenate upon the yield of cotton on different soil types. Amer. Soc. Agron. Jour. 3:966-971.
FISHER, R. A. 1932 - Statistical Methods for Research workers. Oliver and Boyd. London.
FOSTER, Arthur C. 1951 - Some plant responses to certain insectides in the soil. Circ. 862 - March. U. S. Dept Agr. Washington, D. C.
LEPAGE, H. S., O. Gianotti e A, Orlando. 1947 - R. B. 1018 - Um novo inseticida - Arquivos do Instituto Biológico. 18: 1-31.
LINDNER, R. C. 1943 - Arsenic injury of peach trees: Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Science 42: 275-279.
RASMUNSSEN, E. J. 1940 - Arsenical injury and its control - Unch. St. Hort. Soc. Ann. Rept. 70: 22-25.
REED, J. F. and M. B. Sturgis. 1936 - Toxicity from arsenic to rice on flooded soils. Jour. Amer. Soc. Agron. 28: 432.
WILLIAMS, Kenneth T. and Richard R. Whetstone. 1939 - Arsenic distribution in soils and its presence in certain plants Tec. Bul. 732 - U. S. Dept. Agr.

*

Tese aprovada no 10°. Congresso Brasileiro de Química realizado em Junho de 1952 no Rio de Janeiros

Datas de Publicação

Publicação nesta coleção
01 Nov 2012
Data do Fascículo
1953

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

[1] CAMINHA Fş., Adrião. 1940 - Timbós e Rotenona - Publicação do S. I. A. - Min. Agr. - Rio de Janeiro.

[2] CLEMENTS, H. F. and H. G. Heggeness. 1940 - Arsenic toxicity to plants Haw. Agr. Exp. Sta. Ann. Rept. 77-78.

[3] COOPER, H. P., W. R. Padden, E. E. Hall, W. B. Albert W. B. Rogers and J. A. Riley. 1931 - Effect of calcium arsenate on productivity of certain soil tipes. S. Car. Exp. Sta., 44th Ann. Rept.: 28.

[4] COURY, Tufi e Guido Ranzani. 1947 - Efeitos do arsênico sôbre a cultura do algodoeiro em terra arenosa - Tése aprovada na 1a. Reunião Brasileira de Ciência de Solo. Rio de Janeiro.

[5] DECKER, S. 1944 - Inseticidas Vegetais - Publicação da Secretaria da Agricultura, Indústria e Comércio do Estado de São Paulo.

[6] DORMAN, C. and R. Coleman. 1939 - The effect of calcium arsenate upon the yield of cotton on different soil types. Amer. Soc. Agron. Jour. 3:966-971.

[7] FISHER, R. A. 1932 - Statistical Methods for Research workers. Oliver and Boyd. London.

[8] FOSTER, Arthur C. 1951 - Some plant responses to certain insectides in the soil. Circ. 862 - March. U. S. Dept Agr. Washington, D. C.

[9] LEPAGE, H. S., O. Gianotti e A, Orlando. 1947 - R. B. 1018 - Um novo inseticida - Arquivos do Instituto Biológico. 18: 1-31.

[10] LINDNER, R. C. 1943 - Arsenic injury of peach trees: Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Science 42: 275-279.

[11] RASMUNSSEN, E. J. 1940 - Arsenical injury and its control - Unch. St. Hort. Soc. Ann. Rept. 70: 22-25.

[12] REED, J. F. and M. B. Sturgis. 1936 - Toxicity from arsenic to rice on flooded soils. Jour. Amer. Soc. Agron. 28: 432.

[13] WILLIAMS, Kenneth T. and Richard R. Whetstone. 1939 - Arsenic distribution in soils and its presence in certain plants Tec. Bul. 732 - U. S. Dept. Agr.