Glomevella cingulata (Stonem.) spauld. et v. schrenk. F. SP. phaseoli N.F., fase ascógena do agente causal da antracnose do feijoeiro

Glomevella cingulata (Stonem.) spauld. et v. schrenk. F. SP. phaseoli N.F., fase ascógena do agente causal da antracnose do feijoeiro^*

Hiroshi Kimati; Ferdinando Galli

Departamento de Fitopatologia da ESALQ, respectivamente, assistente e Chefe do Departamento

RESUMO

O presente trabalho versa sobre a obtenção da fase perfeita de Colletotriohum lindemuthianum (Sacc. et Magn.) Scrib., dirimindo duvidas quanto a sua existência, suscitada pelo primeiro relato feito por SHEAR e WOOD (1913). Após ter encontrado duas linhagens heterotálicas que formaram ascosporos em acasalamentos, os autores estudaram alguns fatores ambientais que favorecem a reprodução sexuada, chegando-se as seguintes conclusões: peritecios se formaram sobre varios meios de cultura semi-sintéticos em cuja composição entram glucose, Ca(N0₃)2.4H₂0(, MgSO₄.7H₂O e KH₂PO₄, agar e água; a quantidade de glucose deve ser igual ou maior do que 4g/l, a de Ca(NO₃)2.4H₂O de 0,15 a 0,60 g/l e a relação C/N deve estar entre 29,8 a 89,6:1; a adição de vitaminas alterou levemente o nível de aproveitamento de Ca(NO₃)2.4H₂O, nao havendo boa produção de peritécio ao nível de 0,15 g/l mas permitindo-se ate o nível de 1 g/l, mantendo-se as relações C/N mais ou menos no mesmo nivel; a luz, nos estágios final ou inicial ou em períodos alternados acima de 8 horas, inibiu a formação de ascosporos, sendo, portanto, essencial a escuridão contínua; peritécios se formaram sob condições de pH variável de 4,0 a 6,0; peritécios ejetam ascosporos em condições de alta umidade; a temperatura em que foram obtidos os peritécios foi sempre de 209C.

Do acasalamento de linhagens conidiais de C.lindemuthianum o autor obteve resultados a priori comparáveis aos de trabalhos genéticos feitos com G.cingulata, chegando-se a conclusão de que as linhagens usadas sao heterotãlicas possivelmente condicionadas por varios fatores genéticos.

Isolamentos ascospóricos foram inoculados, sendo todos patogênicos ao feijoeiro, pelo menos para a variedade Michelite.

Comparando morfológicamente a fase ascogena de C.lindemuthvanwn com G.cvngulata, o autor propõe o nome de Glomerelia cingulata (Stonem.) Spauld et v. Schrenk f.phaseoli n.f

SUMMARY

This paper deals with the perfect stage of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. et Magn.) Scribn. Two isolates which formed fertile perithecia when paired were used to determine some enviromental conditions favorable to sexual reproduction; perithecia were formed in a semi-synthetic medium contaniming glucose, Ca (N0₃) 2. 4H₂0, MgSO₄. 7H₂0, KH₂PO₄, agar (20g/l) and water (1 liter); the favorable quantity of glucose and Ca(NO₃)2.4H₂O was, respectively, 4-10 and 0,15-0,60 g/ 1, maintaining a C/N ratio between 29,8:1 and 89,6:1; when vitamins were added to the medium, the favorable quantity of Ca(NO₃)2.4H₂0 varied from 0,3 to 1,0 g/1, maintaining the quantity of glucose and the C/N ratio approximately the same; the most favorable quantity of KH₂PO₄ and MgSO₄.7H₂O, were, respectively, 0,1-0,5 and 0,5-1,0 g/1; light was inhibitory to sexual reproduction, fertile perithecia being obtained only in conditions of continuous darkness or when the periodo of light do not exceed the first 3 days of incubation; the pH range favorable to fertile perithecia formation was 4,0 to 6,0; high humidity was important for beaked perithecia formation and for ascospores ejection.

In paired cultures, the conidial isolates behaved as heterothalic, fertile perithecia being formed only in determinate matings; some matings resulted in few fertile perithecia; others gave rise to perithecia with asci only, or to protoperithecia only.

Morphologically the ascogenous stage of C.lindemuthia num fell into the broad description of Glomerella cingulata.

Since C.lindemuthianum is pathogenic only to Phaseolus spp.it is proposed for the perfect stage the name Glomerella cingulata (Stonem.) Spauld. et v.Schrenk. f.sp.phaseoli n.f.

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Entregue para publicação em 18/12/70.

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*

No presente trabalho foram utilizados equipamentos doados pela FAPESP, Fundação Rockefeller e Agência Norte-Americana para o Desenvolvimento Internacional.

Datas de Publicação

• Publicação nesta coleção
  11 Jun 2012
• Data do Fascículo
  1970