Resumos
O controle biológico de Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke & Berth., agente causai da murcha de berinjela (Solanum melongena L.), foi feito em condições de laboratório e em condições de campo. Os melhores isolados de Trichoderma foram aqueles que apresentaram, em placas de Petri, uma zona de inibicão bem evidente. Trichoderma hamatum e o isolado T3 de Trichoderma reduziram sensivelmente a incidência da doença em condições de casa-de-vegetação. No campo, T. lignorum e o isolado T3 propiciaram os melhores resultados. Os mutantes de Trichoderma, obtidos por irradiação ultravioleta, não foram eficientes no biocontrole de Verticillium.
Verticillium albo-atrum; Trichoderma; Solanum melongena; isolados
The antagonistic activity of Trichoderma species against Verticillium wilt of eggplant was evaluated. The studies were undertaken in vitro and in vivo. A clearly defined zone, in which the growth of the pathogen was inhibited, was observed with some isolates of Trichoderma in vitro. The best results of the btocontrol under greenhouse conditions were obtained with Trichoderma hamatum and with the isolate T3 of Trichoderma sp. In a field experiment, T. lignorum and the isolate significantly reduced the disease. The mutants of Trichoderma, obtained by UV irradiation, were not efficient in controlling the disease.
Controle biológico da murcha de berinjela causada por Verticillium albo-atrum
Biological control of Verticillium wilt of eggplant
Itamar Soares de MeloI; Cyro Paulino da CostaII
IEngº Agrº, Dr., EMBRAPA/ESALQ/USP, Dep. de Genética
IIEngº Agrº, Ph.D., Dep. de Genética, ESALQ/USP
RESUMO
O controle biológico de Verticillium albo-atrum Reinke & Berth., agente causai da murcha de berinjela (Solanum melongena L.), foi feito em condições de laboratório e em condições de campo. Os melhores isolados de Trichoderma foram aqueles que apresentaram, em placas de Petri, uma zona de inibicão bem evidente. Trichoderma hamatum e o isolado T3 de Trichoderma reduziram sensivelmente a incidência da doença em condições de casa-de-vegetação. No campo, T. lignorum e o isolado T3 propiciaram os melhores resultados. Os mutantes de Trichoderma, obtidos por irradiação ultravioleta, não foram eficientes no biocontrole de Verticillium.
Termos de indexação:Verticillium albo-atrum, Trichoderma, Solanum melongena, isolados.
SUMMARY
The antagonistic activity of Trichoderma species against Verticillium wilt of eggplant was evaluated.
The studies were undertaken in vitro and in vivo. A clearly defined zone, in which the growth of the pathogen was inhibited, was observed with some isolates of Trichoderma in vitro. The best results of the btocontrol under greenhouse conditions were obtained with Trichoderma hamatum and with the isolate T3 of Trichoderma sp. In a field experiment, T. lignorum and the isolate significantly reduced the disease. The mutants of Trichoderma, obtained by UV irradiation, were not efficient in controlling the disease.
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LITERATURA CITADA
BROWING, J.A.; SIMONS, M.D. &TORRES, E. Managinging host genes: epidemiologic and genetic concepts. In: Plant disease. Vol. 1. Academic Press, Inc., New York, pp. 191-211, 1977.
CHET, I. &BAKER, R. Introduction of Supressiveness to Rhizoctonia solani in soil. Phytopathology, 70: 994-98, 1980.
DENNIS, L. & WEBSTER, J. Antagonistic properties of species groups of Trichoderma. I. Production of nonvolatile antibiotics. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 57: 25-39, 1971a.
DENNIS, L. & WEBSTER, J. Antagonistic properties of species groups of Trichoderma. M. Production of volatile antibiotics. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc, 57: 41-48, 1971b.
GARRETT, S.D. Toward biological control of soil - borne plant pathogens. In: Ecology of Soil - Borne Plant Pathogens - Prelude to Biological Control. K.F. Baker and W.C. Snyder. Univ. of California Press: 4 - 17, 1965.
HARMAN, G.E.; CHET, I. & BAKER, R. Factors affecting Trichoderma hamatum applied to seeds as a biocontrolagent. Phytopathology, 71: 569-572, 1981.
ISAAC, I. Studies in the antagonism between Blastomyces luteus and species of Verticillium. Ann. Appl. Biol., 76: 27-35. 1954.
MAROIS, J.J.; JOHNSTON, A.; DUNN, M.T. & PAPAVIZAS, C.C. Biological Control of Verticillium wilt of eggplant in the field. Plant Disease, 66: 1166-1168, 1982.
SCHROTH, M.N. & HANCOCK, J.G. Selected topics in biological control. Ann. Rev. Microbiol., 35: 453 - 76, 1981.
WILHELM, S. Longevity of the Verticillium wilt fungus in the laboratory and field. Phytopathology, 45: 180-181, 1955.
Aceito para publicação em 29/10/87.
- BROWING, J.A.; SIMONS, M.D. &TORRES, E. Managinging host genes: epidemiologic and genetic concepts. In: Plant disease. Vol. 1. Academic Press, Inc., New York, pp. 191-211, 1977.
- CHET, I. &BAKER, R. Introduction of Supressiveness to Rhizoctonia solani in soil. Phytopathology, 70: 994-98, 1980.
- DENNIS, L. & WEBSTER, J. Antagonistic properties of species groups of Trichoderma. I. Production of nonvolatile antibiotics. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc. 57: 25-39, 1971a.
- DENNIS, L. & WEBSTER, J. Antagonistic properties of species groups of Trichoderma. M. Production of volatile antibiotics. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc, 57: 41-48, 1971b.
- GARRETT, S.D. Toward biological control of soil - borne plant pathogens. In: Ecology of Soil - Borne Plant Pathogens - Prelude to Biological Control. K.F. Baker and W.C. Snyder. Univ. of California Press: 4 - 17, 1965.
- HARMAN, G.E.; CHET, I. & BAKER, R. Factors affecting Trichoderma hamatum applied to seeds as a biocontrolagent. Phytopathology, 71: 569-572, 1981.
- ISAAC, I. Studies in the antagonism between Blastomyces luteus and species of Verticillium Ann. Appl. Biol., 76: 27-35. 1954.
- MAROIS, J.J.; JOHNSTON, A.; DUNN, M.T. & PAPAVIZAS, C.C. Biological Control of Verticillium wilt of eggplant in the field. Plant Disease, 66: 1166-1168, 1982.
- SCHROTH, M.N. & HANCOCK, J.G. Selected topics in biological control. Ann. Rev. Microbiol., 35: 453 - 76, 1981.
- WILHELM, S. Longevity of the Verticillium wilt fungus in the laboratory and field. Phytopathology, 45: 180-181, 1955.
Datas de Publicação
-
Publicação nesta coleção
20 Ago 2010 -
Data do Fascículo
1987
